He lost his father when he was a child, and made a living in the society when he was 1 1. He worked as a loader, a bakery worker, a slum and a dock.
Classroom in "social" universities. He shared the same fate with the working people and personally experienced the cruel exploitation and oppression of capitalism.
Forced. This had an important influence on his thought and creative development.
Gorky assiduously taught himself cultural knowledge, actively participated in revolutionary activities and explored ways to transform reality. 1892 Publishing Office
Markard Cudla, a female work, appeared in the literary world. His early works mixed realism and romanticism.
This is a necessary stage before the formation of his proletarian world outlook. Romantic works such as Markard Cudla and Iraqi.
Old Mrs. Jill (1895) and Song of the Eagle (1895) praised the love of freedom, the longing for the light and the heroic achievements.
Strong personality, showing the passion of fighting; Realistic works such as Circa Shi, The Fallen Man and
Konarov, etc. , describes the people's suffering life and noble character, expressed their anger and struggle. this
Most of the protagonists in these works are people who try to explore a new way of life, think about the meaning of life and are full of fierce inner conflicts.
190 1 year, he wrote the famous prose poem "Song of Haiyan", which shaped the courage of revolutionaries who symbolized great wisdom and dared to fight the storm.
The brave Haiyan image indicates the coming revolutionary storm and inspires people to meet the great battle. This is a proletarian revolution.
Life-threatening battles and carols were warmly praised by Lenin.
1905 On the eve of the revolution, Gorky's creation turned to drama. From 190 1 to 1905, he wrote Ordinary People.
Screenplays such as Bottom, Summer Traveler, Son of the Sun and (Barbarian). Especially the "ordinary citizens" and "the bottom"
The first floor shows the new image and mental outlook of workers in real life, and shows their determination to fight for rights.
And their performances caused a sensation in the Russian theater at that time.
Gorky wrote the novel Mother and the play Enemy in 1906, which marked his creation.
The work has reached a new peak. Mother created the first batch of proletarians who consciously fought for socialism in the history of world literature.
The heroic image of revolutionaries is the foundation stone of socialist realistic literature. Lenin affirmed its practical significance.
1905 after the failure of the revolution, Gorky went to the United States and Italy to write a series of political articles, attacking the western capitalist system.
Degree and all kinds of reactionary ideological trends that flood the ideological and literary circles. The novella Confessions, written on 1908, reveals idealism.
Creationism was severely criticized by Lenin and received his enthusiastic help. Nevertheless, Gorky's dominance
The tendency is still positive and full of revolutionary fighting spirit. Theoretically speaking, the characteristics of the new proletarian literary creation method
He made many explorations and put forward the viewpoint of combining realism with romanticism. His creative achievements between the two revolutions were quite fruitful.
Such as The Town of Ogulov (1909), Summer (1909) and The Life of Matvei Kremyakin (19 10 ~
19 1 1), Italian fairy tales (191~ 19 13), Russian fairy tales (13)
The first two autobiographical novels trilogy, childhood and human beings (1913 ~1916).
Ten years after the October Revolution, Gorky wrote only Lenin and some writers because of his poor health.
Trilogy of memoirs and autobiographies of case and important documents, my university (1922 ~ 1923) and ah.
The Origin of the Etamonov Family (1924 ~ 1925) and other works. 192 1 year, he followed Lenin's suggestion and went abroad to recuperate.
193 1 After returning to China in, he began to create the voluminous epic Krim Sam.
Life of the King, which is an unfinished work. 1936 wrote travel notes of the Soviet union (1929) and English before his death.
The Story of the Bear and Several Plays Egor Blichoff et al. (1932), Toschi Geff et al. (1933),
Vasa Rileznova (1935), as well as a large number of literary theories, literary criticisms and political articles, are of great significance to Marx.
The theory of literature and art and the cause of socialist culture have made great contributions.
Gorky is not only a great writer but also an outstanding social activist. He organized and established the Soviet Writers Association,
He also presided over the first writers' congress in the whole Soviet Union, trained new literary talents and actively participated in the cause of maintaining world peace.
Gorky's works were introduced to China from 1907. His excellent literary works and papers have become the proletariat in the world.
The level of common prosperity.