Then, it is particularly important to find food remains in archaeological excavations, which is the most direct evidence.
In 20 10, the archaeologist Xianyang excavated a tomb of Qin in the Warring States Period and found bone soup preserved for more than 2,400 years in a bronze tripod. The analysis of bone samples shows that the ingredients in the pot are an underage puppy.
Our ancestors began to eat dog meat a long time ago. Nowadays, people who refuse to eat dog meat can be understood as a feeling, and eating or not should not be regarded as barbarism.
A dried crucian carp was unearthed from a tomb in the middle and late Warring States period about 2400 years ago in Jingzhou city. This "thousand-year-old treasure" has been properly handled and left to the tomb owner Huang Quan Road to worship the five zang-organs temple.
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More than 2800 years ago, a can of eggs was unearthed from the tomb of the Western Zhou Dynasty in Rong County, Jiangsu Province. It looks no different from modern eggs. I don't know if it's salted eggs.
In an ancient tomb 2,000 years ago in Licun, Lintong Bay, China, these dried beef were packed in a closed bronze jar. Due to the erosion of years, they have been carbonized into dark green, which is the oldest beef jerky ever discovered in China.
At that time, beef was definitely a rarity, and eating rare delicacies on the road could best show respect for the deceased.
To be sure, it was already a serious beef jerky when it was buried.
Bizili Tomb in Han and Jin Dynasties is located in Luopu County, south of Tarim Basin in Xinjiang, which was under the jurisdiction of ancient Khotan State and was one of the important nodes on the Silk Road.
A pile of powder was unearthed in the cemetery, which was a mixture of millet flour and a small amount of barley flour, and some meat was added. At that time, it should have been baked into cake-like food.
Some mutton kebabs were unearthed from the Han tombs in Ningxia, dating back to 2000. In fact, the barbecue with only a little salt is still very fragrant and has a primitive game.
In 2002, the oldest noodles were found in the ruins of Qinghai and Lajia, 4000 years ago, made of millet and millet (yellow rice). There are some bone chips at the bottom of the basin where noodles are placed. This must be a bowl of Lamian Noodles.
Noodles were called soup cakes in Wei and Jin Dynasties, water lured in Southern and Northern Dynasties, and cold washed in Tang and Song Dynasties, which may be related to eating methods.
"Dream in Tokyo" records that Bianjing Restaurant in the Northern Song Dynasty has shops such as steamed buns, steamed buns and meat pies, and noodle restaurants specialize in making dozens of noodles with different flavors.
Storeable dried noodles (dried noodles) appeared in the Yuan Dynasty.
To make noodle flour, you need to use a stone mill, which existed as early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Since then, it has evolved into a modern appearance. However, our ancestors really worked hard to get a decent bowl of noodles.
As the most important part of grain processing, how to peel a small seed in a time-saving and labor-saving way is really painstaking. This process took thousands of years before and after.
My brother tried to peel the millet to cook porridge, rub off the rice grains by hand, then crush them with a garlic mortar, and finally screen off the bran with a dustpan. However, it is not clean at all. The porridge finally cooked is called unpalatable. In the spirit of not wasting food, I thought of the ancients thousands of years ago and swallowed it with tears in my eyes. I don't have the courage to try anymore.
This bowl of noodles embodies the wisdom and sweat of many predecessors, so China people must keep their heads down when eating noodles, which is a thank you to our ancestors!
Water chestnut unearthed from Luotianshan site in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province 6000 years ago may have been an extremely important staple food at that time.
Wang Wei, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said: "Fireworks are set off at the ferry, and there are sparks everywhere."
Numerous snacks have been unearthed from the tomb of Astana in Turpan, Xinjiang. They look beautiful, but they are inedible.
And jiaozi, the same shape as it is now. By the way, there are thousands of raisins.
Su Shi's Huan Xi Sha Ma Ye Layers: "Ma Ye Layers, who cooks cocoons like a village. The fence is charming and the words are distorted. Hang a white stick and lick your eyes? ? Soft and hungry, ask when the bean leaves are yellow. "
The "cave" here refers to abutilon, and the seeds of abutilon were unearthed at Hemudu site. How did the ancients cook these foods in 7000 years?
1993, a Liao Dynasty tomb was excavated in Zhangjiakou, which was buried by Zhang Wenzao and his wife. A table in the tomb is jaw-dropping, and the food is faintly discernible, including chestnuts, beans and Hu cakes.
A large amount of grain, such as rice, walnuts, plums and jujubes, has been unearthed in the ancient city of Liye in Wuling Mountain, Hunan Province. These foods were eaten by people in the Qin Dynasty, and they were quite rich.
One of them is called jia ao, which looks like garlic, but it is different from garlic.
At that time, it was estimated that it was a complementary food with meals and should be dipped in sauce. Now it's available online, with various tastes of sweet, sour and spicy. You can try it if you are interested.
157 rice seeds in the early Dawenkou culture were found in pottery fragments unearthed in Yantai, Shandong Province, and there were some traces of millet and millet seeds.
Archaeologists unearthed ancient naan in an ancient tomb in the Tang Dynasty more than 1000 years ago. This kind of capsule is very similar to modern capsules.
In 1970s, three tombs of Han Dynasty were excavated in the suburbs of Changsha, including the famous tomb of Xin Zhui, and the unearthed grain was very rich.
Animals include rabbits, domestic dogs, pigs, sika deer, cows and sheep.
Birds include geese, mandarin ducks, ducks, bamboo chickens, domestic chickens, ring-necked pheasants, cranes, turtledoves, fire turtledoves, owls, magpies and sparrows.
Aquatic products include carp, crucian carp, hairtail, silver carp, mandarin fish and mandarin fish.
Cereals include wheat, barley, millet, millet, soybean and red bean.
Vegetables include sunflower, mustard, ginger and lotus root.
Fruits include melons, dates, pears, plums and bayberry.
A list of funerary objects (volumes) was also unearthed from Mawangdui Han Tomb. In the unearthed 3 12 bamboo slips, condiments, cakes and even cooked food are also recorded.
The bronze distiller unearthed from the famous tomb of Hou Haiyin was filled with chestnuts, water chestnuts, water chestnuts, peanuts and other fruits.
Ancient people cooked food by steaming, boiling, roasting, frying and waxing. It is said that cooking began in Qin and Han Dynasties and was popular in Wei and Jin Dynasties. This is closely related to the wide application of iron and the extraction of animal and vegetable oils.
It is not easy to preserve food until today, which only represents a part of our ancestors' recipes. As for the taste, don't worry about it. When I was a child, jiaozi, who ate three fresh fillings with meat, felt that it was the best in the sky.
Just look at the area of the menu. The spoon in the kitchen is the real yardstick of civilization, and delicacy is the most reliable basis for measuring the depth of civilization.
Looking at Europe, there were no decent recipes in the19th century, but in the East, there were poems about food in ancient times.