With the rapid development of aquaculture, the utilization rate of ponds is very high, and the sedimentation at the bottom of ponds is becoming more and more serious, especially in rural areas, which leads to shallow water levels in many water bodies and narrow breeding space. If these ponds are not reformed, the culture environment will deteriorate.

First, determine the appropriate breeding type.

In ponds with water depth less than 1.0m, eel and loach can be cultivated with a little modification. If there is too much silt at the bottom of the pond, cash crops such as lotus root can be planted to absorb fertilizer, and a small amount of fish can be cultivated in the pond. In addition, according to the habits of cultured fish, we can try to choose fish with fast growth speed, short growth period, low requirements for pond conditions and adaptability to shallow water, such as tilapia, carp, crucian carp and freshwater pomfret, which are all optional breeding objects.

Second, strive to expand the water space. The size of aquaculture water space directly affects the growth and survival of aquaculture species. Shallow water level will inevitably lead to a relatively narrow space for aquaculture water. When stocking fish, it is necessary to master a certain stocking density, and in principle, it is mainly sparse, which can relatively increase the space for aquaculture water. In the utilization of aquaculture water, it is necessary to keep the water level stable for a long time according to the needs of aquaculture varieties. At ordinary times, we should pay attention to filling the pool water, keeping the highest water level, and replenish fresh water in time when the water level drops. Hard soil can be filled in the low-lying area on the shore of the pond to improve the shore surface, expand the space of aquaculture water body and make full use of aquaculture water body.

Third, improve the environment of aquaculture water shallow ponds, because the water level is shallow, aquaculture water is greatly affected by the environment, especially the water temperature changes obviously. In order to change this situation, farmers should take corresponding technical measures according to different seasons of the year. For example, in spring and autumn, the proper shallow water in the pond is conducive to the increase of water temperature, the photosynthesis of aquatic plants in the water body, and the increase of natural basic bait organisms of cultured species. At the same time, starting eating early and stopping eating late are also conducive to promoting the rapid growth of cultured species. In summer, the water temperature is high, and the water level should be deepened as much as possible. The aquaculture water body should be changed frequently to adjust the water quality and control the water temperature. When the summer heat comes, we should take measures to prevent heatstroke. Where conditions permit, a shed can be set up next to the pool to shade the sun. The simple method is to grab grass in the water or plant aquatic plants in and around the pool to purify the water and adjust the water temperature. When the water temperature drops in winter and the cultured species meet the specifications of commercial fish, they should be sold as soon as possible and try not to overwinter. If Monopterus albus and Misgurnus anguillicaudatus are cultured in the pond, the water in the pond can be drained before the freezing period, so that they can dive into the bottom of the mud, and then straw is laid on the mud to prevent the cold.

Fourthly, to strengthen the daily management of shallow pond culture, we should strengthen the daily management. Besides paying attention to the change of water quality, we should also patrol the pond more, observe frequently and solve problems in time. Especially in the rainy season in summer, attention should be paid to prevent rainwater from flooding the pond and washing away the pond ridge. Because the water is shallow, we should pay more attention to the lack of oxygen in the pool in summer, which leads to flooding. We should also guard against theft at night to avoid accidental losses. In feed feeding, it is necessary to ensure that the cultured species eat well and eat well, adhere to the principle of small amount and more meals, feed more feed that cultured fish like to eat, maintain a reasonable supply of nutrition, and ensure the income of the year when it is put into use. Fertilize in time when fertilizer and water are needed to ensure the richness of natural basic bait organisms in aquaculture water. When the breeding varieties meet the commodity specifications, once the price is reasonable, it is necessary to capture and sell them, make profits as soon as possible, and avoid and reduce the breeding risks.

Five, pay special attention to the prevention of shallow ponds, water quality is easy to deteriorate, accelerate the reproduction and growth of bacteria in the water, a little carelessness will lead to the death of cultured species, so it is necessary to do a good job in disease prevention in time. In the early stage of breeding, the bottom of the pond should be thoroughly cleaned with quicklime. Because there is more silt in the shallow pond and the sediment is more acidic, the dosage can be slightly increased, and the whole pond can be sprayed at the dosage of 300g/ m2 to adjust the pH of aquaculture water and improve the water quality. The seedlings should be disinfected in vitro when they are put in, and the medicinal bath can be soaked in salt water. In daily management, we should also regularly use drugs such as quicklime and bleaching powder to disinfect water bodies and purify water quality. Enemy creatures such as mice and snakes should be captured by artificial methods, and they should not invade as much as possible, otherwise they will be maimed by enemy creatures, because the water is shallow and the breeding species cannot escape.