The future development direction of vegetable protected cultivation in Sichuan basin is:
(1) Improved shed structure
The choice of scaffolding structure should also be combined with the actual situation in Sichuan. At present, the assembled galvanized steel pipe shed produced in China has high structural strength, which can generally resist strong winds of Grade 9, snow load of 20 ~ 25 kg/m2, service life of/kloc-0 ~15, and the price is per 667 m212000 ~ 65438+. Because the basin is surrounded by mountains, the wind speed is very low, and the average wind speed in each month is below 2 m/s (the wind speed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is 3 ~ 5 m/s). The 9-level gale in the basin comes once every 9 years, with little snowfall. Therefore, the steel pipe shed used in the basin can be improved appropriately to reduce the cost.
(2) Adopting new movies
Most greenhouses in Sichuan Province are covered with ordinary agricultural film, which is easy to accumulate a lot of water droplets, which is not conducive to plant growth. Drip-free anti-aging polyethylene film should be gradually used in the future, and the thickness of shed film is 0.05 ~ 0.06 mm and 0.03 ~ 0.04 mm.
(3) developing sunshade net coverage
The application of agricultural plastic sunshade net is an important measure to plug the "hidden shortage" and cultivate strong seedlings in summer and autumn in southern China. In summer, there are many droughts in the east and floods in the west of Sichuan Basin, which makes it difficult to raise seedlings. The sunshade net has been applied and achieved good results. In the future, it is necessary to expand the coverage area and cover vegetable varieties.
(4) Make full use of gardening facilities
At present, plastic greenhouses in Sichuan Province are mainly used for raising seedlings in winter and producing fruits and vegetables in early spring. In order to improve the utilization rate, the cultivation of fruits and vegetables such as autumn pepper should be developed appropriately. Autumn pepper should be planted in mid-July and early September, and the fruit picking period of greenhouse planting can be extended to 65438+February to 65438+1October in the following year.
(5) Carry out grain-vegetable rotation in protected areas and implement sustainable development.
The frost-free period in Sichuan Basin is long, for example, the frost-free period in Chengdu Plain is as long as 278 days. The farming system in the middle and outer suburbs is two crops a year, and the hills are three crops in two seasons. The general climatic condition is that three seasons are less than two, and the fallow field (soil) area is large in autumn, and the potential of multiple cropping rotation of rice and wheat (oil) crops is great (60-80 days). In recent years, Chengdu has adopted positive, increasing and intercropping, improved multiple cropping index, developed a new triple cropping system of paddy field rotation and grain-vegetable rotation, and developed vegetables in agricultural areas, which has achieved good benefits. For example, the types with the highest output value and the best social and ecological benefits are "vegetables, rice and vegetables". In early spring, early cucumber, early eggplant, early tomato and other fruits and vegetables were planted with plastic film, and harvested at the beginning of April, which obtained higher income. By mid-June, a large number of fruits and vegetables were on the market, and the price of vegetables dropped, so rice was pulled out to stabilize grain and increase efficiency. After rice harvest, lettuce, cauliflower, Chinese cabbage and other vegetables were planted, so that the average yield per mu of rice reached 502.3 kg /667 square meters, with an output value of 733. The output value of vegetables in two seasons is 2674.0 1 yuan, and the total output value of the whole year is 3407.50 yuan (2000 price). This rotation mode of grain, vegetable and rice is beneficial to improve soil fertility, reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases and realize the sustainable development of vegetable facility production.
In short, Sichuan, Guizhou and Chongqing are located in the southwest border, with the least sunshine hours and underdeveloped economy. Under the great situation of developing the central and western regions, we should not be hot-headed, covet foreign countries and blindly introduce them, but always consider the interests of producers and consumers. Apply advanced and applicable agricultural science and technology to realize the sustainable development of protected vegetables and contribute to the economic development of this area.