The locusts in Xinjiang belong to Acridoidea, which can be divided into Acridoidea, Acridoidea, Acridoidea, Lepidoptera and so on. In addition to Asian migratory locust and bamboo locust, there are 12 species of locusts that do not migrate in groups. Grasshoppers are vegetarians and mainly feed on Gramineae plants. The main species that do harm to agriculture are: Asian migratory locust, sharp-winged locust, Italian locust and so on. The locusts that do great harm to pasture are Siberian locust, feed locust and car locust.
In northern Xinjiang, which is rich in vegetation, locusts are mostly herbivores and forest dwellers. Even if you have just taken medicine here, locusts are everywhere. If you walk around in the grass at will, two or three locusts will jump up from your feet at almost every step. In places rich in aquatic plants, such as Nalati grassland, locusts are mostly yellow-brown, green and yellow, and covered with tall grass. In the hot southern Xinjiang, most of the wilderness is bare and there is little vegetation, but locusts can also be found. However, most of the locusts here are open. Although there is no plant cover, locusts blend in with the Gobi desert in that rock color. It's hard to find without looking carefully. It is really excellent mimicry protection, and locusts in southern Xinjiang are sensitive, good at flying and not easy to catch.
In Xinjiang, people mainly use airplanes to spray pesticides on a large area to eliminate locusts. Insecticides also kill locusts and other animals, some of which may be beneficial to humans. In this way, the ecosystem will be destroyed, and the destruction of the ecosystem is likely to lead to the rampant locusts and fall into a vicious circle. Pesticides will also have a certain impact on animal husbandry. In order to prevent livestock poisoning, livestock will be driven out of this grassland within the validity period of the pesticide, and grazing can continue after the validity period.
What is the best way to eliminate locusts? Mr. Chen Yonglin, a locust expert, said that ecological change should be the main way to control locusts. Therefore, first of all, we should classify and classify locusts, divide locust areas and study their living habits. Only in this way can we find more, faster, better and cheaper methods to kill locusts. After several days of investigation and thinking, I came up with a way to control locusts:
First of all, we can start with the ecological environment of locusts. It is known that locusts lay eggs at the water content 10% to 20%, so a large number of plants can be planted near the water, so that locusts have no place to lay eggs, thus achieving the goal of eliminating locusts.
Second, a large number of locusts can be killed by introducing natural enemies. The natural enemies of locusts can be basically divided into predatory and parasitic. Carnivores, such as pink starlings, hatch from mid-June to early July, and there are 3-4 chicks in each nest. A chick can eat 137 Siberian locusts a day on average, while an adult can eat 167 Siberian locusts a day. In addition, the larvae of parasitic insects, such as Lepidoptera spotted locust, spotted locust and nematode, can parasitize the oocysts of locusts. In Tianshan mountain area, it has been found that hemp flies are parasitic on the larvae or adults of some locusts. However, in the process of eliminating locusts with natural enemies, we must be careful not to control the locust plague, but bring another disaster.
Third, the side effects of pesticides are too great. Long-term use of pesticides with a single formula will make locusts resistant to drugs and increase the difficulty of controlling locust plague. I think we should study some effective pesticides against locusts or bacteria or fungi infected by locusts. For example, a fungus used in Xinjiang now is called "Green General", which only infects locusts and kills them. In addition, because locusts need to molt when they develop into adults, a special insecticide can be developed to inhibit molting, so that locusts can not develop normally, thus inhibiting locust disasters.
Fourthly, in the mating season of locusts, a large number of locusts of a certain sex can be trapped and killed, which reduces their mating probability and indirectly controls reproduction. For example, females usually attract males with sounds or smells during mating. Then, we can imitate this sound or smell to attract males, and then build a power grid around them to kill the males trapped in the trap. But killing males is not as effective as killing females, because parthenogenesis is found in some females-that is, females can reproduce without mating with males, and all offspring are females.
Fifth, it is not enough to eliminate locusts. It is better to turn harm into treasure. Now there are a lot of chickens and ducks in Xinjiang, and they will eat locusts, so locusts have become the feed for them. China has always had locust farming. There are many kinds and quantities of locusts in Xinjiang, and there is no shortage of raw materials. If the breeding is successful, it will make some contributions to the economic construction of Xinjiang.
Sixthly, in the process of historical evolution, there has always been coevolution between locusts and their food-plants, which is a process of mutual adaptation and change. Plants will develop their own defense mechanisms to prevent themselves from being eaten as food. In order to adapt to the changes of plants, locusts are developing themselves.
It can be seen that on the one hand, locusts promote the diversity of plant development, on the other hand, plants also promote the diversity of locusts. As a member of the biosphere, locusts play an important role in the development of the ecosystem. Herbivorous locusts can also decompose animal manure in grassland ecosystem, making it more conducive to soil absorption and transforming it into protein for herbivorous animals and plants to eat together. In view of this, we should think twice about how far locust control should go.
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