1. Pain Most patients have low back pain or abdominal pain. Larger stones are mostly dull or dull pain in the affected side of the waist, which is often aggravated after exercise; Smaller stones often cause smooth muscle spasm and colic, which often occur suddenly and have severe pain, such as knife cutting, radiating to the lower abdomen, vulva and inner thigh. Sometimes patients are accompanied by pale face, cold sweat, nausea and vomiting, and in severe cases, symptoms such as weak and fast pulse and decreased blood pressure appear. Pain is often paroxysmal, but also can be suddenly terminated or relieved by a certain action, leaving a dull pain in the waist and abdomen. 2. Hematuria Because stones directly damage the mucosa of kidney and ureter, microscopic hematuria or gross hematuria often occurs after severe pain, and the severity of hematuria is related to the degree of injury. 3. Purulent cells appear in urine when pyuria and ureteral calculi are complicated with infection, and high fever and low back pain may appear clinically. 4. Obstruction of other stones can cause hydronephrosis and renal insufficiency, and some patients may also have gastrointestinal symptoms and anemia. Urinary calculi not only bring direct pain to patients, but also affect patients' urination; It also brings great psychological pressure to patients and causes many diseases such as depression, which requires patients to be treated as soon as possible. Copyright belongs to the author, and no one may reprint or use all or any part of it without the written permission of the author. Print recipes