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1. Multiple choice questions (there are 6 questions in this question, each with 3 points, totaling 18 points, and each question has only one correct answer).
1. The following are various common understandings of chemical science, among which the wrong one is ().
A. Facing the increasingly serious environmental problems in modern times, chemistry is obviously powerless.
B chemistry will play an important role in the rational development and safe application of energy and resources.
C. chemistry is a very practical science.
D. chemistry is a natural science based on experiments.
2. 1998 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Cohen (USA) and Popper (UK) in recognition of their great contributions in the field of theoretical chemistry. Their work enables experiments and theories to explore the properties of molecular systems together, which has revolutionized the whole field of chemistry. The following statement is true ()
A. chemistry doesn't know anything without doing experiments. B.there is no need for experiments in chemistry.
C. chemistry is no longer a pure experimental science. D. The future direction of chemistry is empiricism.
3. The following basic operations (or precautions) of the experiment, mainly the safety precautions in the experiment are ().
A. The remaining drugs in the experiment cannot be put back into the original reagent bottle. Purity test of combustible gas.
C. Check the air tightness of the gas experimental device before the experiment. The droppers shall not be used interchangeably.
4. The following experimental instruments should not be directly used for heating is ()
A. test tube B. crucible C. evaporating dish D. beaker
5. The error in the following experimental operation is ()
A. measure 6mL of liquid with a measuring cylinder with the specification of 10mL.
B, feeding the powdered medicine into the bottom of the test tube with a medicine spoon or a paper slot.
C. When filtering, the end of the glass rod should gently lean against the three-layer filter paper.
D If there is no test tube clamp, you can temporarily hold the test tube to heat solid or liquid.
6. If you add 2-3mL of liquid to the test tube and reheat it, the correct operation sequence is ().
(1) ignite the alcohol lamp for heating; (2) adding 2-3 ml of liquid into the test tube;
(3) using a test tube clamp to clamp the middle and upper part of the test tube; ④ Cover the bottle cap of reagent bottle and put it back.
A.②③④① B.③②④① C.②④③① D.③②①④
Second, multiple-choice questions (a total of 10 questions, 4 points for each question, 40 points, each question 1-2 correct answers, only one correct option, multiple choices do not score; If there are two correct options, the right one will be given 2 points, and the wrong one will not be given points. )
7. The label of reagent bottle containing concentrated sulfuric acid should be printed with the following warning sign ().
8. The separation and purification method of the following mixture is () mainly from the point of view of solubility.
A. evaporation, b distillation, c filtration and d extraction
9. The following about the operation of the chemical experiment, under normal circumstances can't contact each other is ().
A. In the filtration operation, the glass rod and three layers of filter paper
B. During the filtration operation, the diameter of the funnel and the inner wall of the beaker
C. During the liquid separation operation, the diameter of the liquid separation funnel and the inner wall of the beaker
D. When the liquid is dripped into the test tube with a rubber dropper, the tip of the dropper contacts with the inner wall of the test tube.
10. Evaporation disk must be used for evaporation operation. The following statement about the operation of the evaporating dish is correct ().
A. Place the evaporating dish on the iron ring of the iron frame and directly heat it with the flame of alcohol lamp.
B put the evaporating dish on the iron ring of the iron frame and heat it with asbestos net.
C, put the evaporating dish on a tripod and directly heat it with alcohol lamp flame.
D, putting the mud triangle on a tripod, and heating the evaporating dish on the mud triangle.
1 1. There are three groups of solutions: ① gasoline and sodium chloride solution; ② 39% ethanol solution; 8 aqueous solution of sodium chloride and elemental bromine. The correct way to separate the above mixed solution is () in turn.
A. liquid separation, extraction and distillation B. extraction, distillation and liquid separation
C. liquid separation, distillation and extraction
12. The reagent that can be used to identify BaCl2, NaCl and Na2CO3 is ().
A.AgNO 3 solution B. dilute sulfuric acid C. dilute hydrochloric acid D. dilute nitric acid
13. The error in the following experimental operations is ()
A. During evaporation operation, the water in the mixture should be completely evaporated before stopping heating.
B during distillation operation, the mercury ball of the thermometer should be close to the branch nozzle of the distillation bottle.
C. During the liquid separation operation, the lower liquid in the liquid separation funnel is discharged from the lower opening, and the upper liquid is poured out from the upper opening.
D. During the extraction operation, organic extractant should be selected, and the density of extractant must be greater than that of water.
14. Many gases in chemical experiments are made of hydrochloric acid, which leads to these gases.
It often contains HCl impurities. To remove HCl impurities and get pure target gas, you can use appropriate
The equipment shown in the figure. If the jar is filled with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, which of the following gases can be used for impurity removal device is ()
A.H2 carbon dioxide H2S carbon dioxide
15. Water resources are very important, and the United Nations has designated 2003 as the International Year of Freshwater. Seawater desalination is an important means to provide fresh water to island areas. The so-called seawater desalination refers to the process of removing salt from seawater to obtain fresh water (also known as seawater desalination). There are many methods, such as reverse osmosis, hydrate method, electrodialysis, ion exchange method and pressure osmosis method. The following methods can also be used for seawater desalination is ()
A. filtration method B. distillation method C. liquid separation method D. freezing method
16. The solution contains a large number of three anions, such as Cl-, CO32-and OH-. If the solution is only taken once, three anions can be detected in turn, and the following experimental operation sequence is correct ().
(1) dropwise adding magnesium nitrate solution; ② filtration; (3) dropping silver nitrate solution; ④ Ba(NO3)2 solution was added dropwise.
A.①②④②③ B.④②①②③ C.①②③②④ D。