Brazil lies in the east of South America. It borders French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, Venezuela and Colombia in the north, Peru and Bolivia in the west, Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay in the south and the Atlantic Ocean in the east. The coastline is about 7400 kilometers long. 80% of the country is located in the tropics, and the southernmost part has a subtropical climate.
On April 22nd, 1500, Portuguese navigator pedro cabral arrived in Brazil. In 1930s, a Portuguese expedition established a colony in Pakistan, and 1549 appointed a governor. 1808 Napoleon invaded Portugal and the Portuguese royal family moved to Brazil. 182 1 year, the Portuguese royal family moved back to Lisbon, and Prince Pedro Liuba served as regent.
1822 On September 7th, Prince Pedro declared independence and established the Brazilian Empire. 1889165438+1October 15. General Fonseca launched a coup to overthrow the monarchy and establish the United States of Brazil. On March 3rd1964 and 3rd1,the military staged a coup, and 1967 was renamed the Federative Republic of Brazil.
1985 1, the opposition party won the indirect presidential election and ended the military ruling. 1989, the general election was held by direct universal suffrage for the first time. In June 5438 +2002 10, Lula, the candidate of the left-wing party alliance headed by the Labor Party, won the general election and became the first directly elected left-wing president in Pakistani history. In June 2006, Lula was re-elected.
On 20 10, 10, dilma rousseff won the general election as a candidate of the Labor Party, becoming the first female president in Brazilian history, and was re-elected on 20 14, 10. 2016 May 12, President Rousseff resigned temporarily due to impeachment, and Vice President Termel became acting president, and an interim government was formed.
On August 3rd, 2065438, President Rousseff was impeached by the National Assembly, and Termel officially took over as president. 20 18 June, Brazil held a presidential election. Bossonaro, a candidate of the Social Liberal Party, was elected as the new president and officially took office in June, 20 19, 1.
Extended data
Brazil's foreign relations:
Brazil pursues a foreign policy of national independence, national self-determination, sovereign equality, non-interference in internal affairs, respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, and peaceful settlement of disputes, and advocates multipolarization of the world and democratization of international relations. We advocate strengthening the role of the United Nations, actively promoting the reform of the UN Security Council and striving to become a permanent member of the Security Council.
Brazil has diplomatic relations with 192 countries. It is a member of international and regional organizations such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the Organization of American States, the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, the Union of South American Nations and the Southern Common Market, as well as multilateral mechanisms such as the BRICS, the G20 and the Group of 77, and is an observer of the Non-Aligned Movement.
Brazil believes that East Asia and Southeast Asia are the most dynamic regions in the world economy, and attaches great importance to developing politics and trade with Asian countries, especially China, Japanese, Indian, Korean and ASEAN countries.
China Consular Service Network-Brazil Country Profile
What's the population of Brazil?
What's the population of Brazil?
1. By the same period of 20 19, the population of Brazil was 2 10/00000.
2. The Federative Republic of Brazil is called Brazil for short, and it is named after Brazilian redwood. It is the largest country in South America and enjoys the reputation of "Football Kingdom". Its land area is 85 1.49 million square kilometers, ranking fifth in the world. The total population is 208.6 million (20 17. It borders Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. Brazil is divided into 26 states and 1 federal district, with cities under the jurisdiction of each state.
Introduction to Brazil, be specific!
Brazil, the Federated Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America and enjoys the reputation of "Football Kingdom". The total land area is 8565438+4900 square kilometers, ranking fifth in the world. The total population is 21100 million. It borders Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. Brazil is divided into 26 states and 1 federal district (Brasilia Federal District, with municipalities under each state). Brazil was once a colony of Portugal in history, and/kloc-0 declared its independence on September 7, 822. The official language of Brazil is Portuguese. The name of this country comes from Brazilian mahogany.
Brazil is rich in natural resources and has a complete industrial base. Its GDP ranks first in South America and its economic aggregate ranks seventh in the world. It is one of the BRICS countries and a member of the Union of South American Nations. It is a founding member of the Rio Group, a member of MERCOSUR and G20, and an observer of the Non-Aligned Movement. One of the fastest developing countries in the world is also one of the important developing countries.
Brazil's culture has the characteristics of multi-ethnic. As a national melting pot, Brazil has immigrants from Europe, Africa, Asia and other regions. Football is the mainstream sport in Brazil's cultural life and the host country of the 20 14 World Cup.
Detailed introduction:
1, geographical location:
Brazil spans 35 to 74 degrees west longitude and 5 degrees north latitude to 35 degrees south latitude. It borders the South Atlantic in the east and other South American countries in the north and south (all South American countries except Chile and Ecuador). Located in the southeast of South America. It borders French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, Venezuela and Colombia in the north, Peru and Bolivia in the west, Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay in the south and the Atlantic Ocean in the east. The coastline is about 7400 kilometers long. The territorial sea is 12 nautical mile wide and leads to the overseas exclusive economic zone of 188 nautical mile.
2. Region:
Brazil is the largest country in South America. Brazil has a land area of 8514900 square kilometers, accounting for 46% of the total area of South America, and is the fifth largest country in the world after Russia, Canada, China and the United States.
3. Terrain:
Brazil's terrain is mainly divided into two parts, one is the Brazilian plateau above 500 meters above sea level, distributed in southern Brazil, and the other is the plain below 200 meters above sea level, mainly distributed in the Amazon River basin in the north and west. The whole territory is divided into Amazon Plain, Paraguay Basin, Brazil Plateau and Guyana Plateau, of which Amazon Plain accounts for about 1/3 of the national area.
4. Water supply system:
Brazil has three major water systems: Amazon, Parana and San Francisco. The total length of the Amazon River is 67,565,438+0 km, which traverses the northwest of Brazil and covers an area of 3.9 million square kilometers in the Brazilian basin. The parana river system includes the parana river and Paraguay rivers, which flow through the southwest, with many rapids and waterfalls, and are rich in hydraulic resources; The San Francisco water system, with a total length of 2,900 kilometers, flows through the arid northeast and is the main irrigation water source in this area. The coastline is more than 7,400 kilometers long, and the width of the territorial sea is 12 nautical miles, leading to the overseas exclusive economic zone 188 nautical miles. There are many rivers, long in length and large in water, which are mainly distributed in the northern plain.
5. Climate:
Most of Brazil has a tropical climate, and some parts of the south have a subtropical climate. The average annual temperature in the Amazon plain is 25 ~ 28 degrees, and the average annual temperature in the southern region is 16 ~ 19 degrees.
6. Natural resources:
The proven iron ore reserves are 33.3 billion tons, accounting for 9.8% of the world's total reserves, ranking fifth in the world; The output is 355 million tons, ranking second in the world; Exports are also among the highest in the world. Brazil is rich in 29 kinds of minerals, with 6 million tons of nickel reserves, accounting for 4.0% of the world's nickel reserves, mainly distributed in Goias and minas gerais. Metals such as manganese, bauxite, lead and tin account for more than 10% of the world's total reserves. The proven reserves of niobium ore are 4.559 million tons, which can be used worldwide for 800 years according to the current consumption. In addition, there are abundant chrome, gold and asbestos mines. The proven reserves of coal mine are1010 million tons, but the grade is very low. Since 2007, Brazil has discovered large oil and gas fields in the southeast coast. It is estimated that the oil reserves will exceed 50 billion barrels, which is expected to rank among the top ten oil producers in the world. The forest coverage rate is 57%. The timber reserves are 65.8 billion cubic meters. Rich in water resources, accounting for 18% of the world's fresh water, the per capita fresh water possession is 29,000 cubic meters, and the water conservancy reserves reach 65,438+43 million kilowatts per year.
7. Administrative divisions:
Brazil is divided into 26 states and 1 Federal District (Brasilia Federal District, with municipalities under the state, with a total of 5,564 municipalities (20 1 1).
8. Introduction to the capital: Brasilia (Brasilia)
Located in the middle of the Brazilian Plateau, the climate is divided into dry season and rainy season, with the rainy season from September to April every year and the dry season from May to August. The wet and dry seasons are obvious respectively, and the temperature difference between day and night is also large, and the annual average temperature is 19 degrees. The population is 2.455 million (20 10). Brasilia was built in the late 1950s on the plateau at an altitude of 1, more than 200 meters in Goias, Brazil, and it is one of the highest capitals in the world. 1960 April 2 1 day, the capital officially moved here from the old capital Rio de Janeiro. Brasilia is the shortest city in South America. 1987 12 17, UNESCO approved the city as a "world cultural heritage".
9. National flag:
Brazil's national flag is a green rectangle with an aspect ratio of10: 7, with a yellow diamond in the middle and a dark blue round celestial sphere in the middle. On the round white ribbon, the book reads "Order and Progress" in Portuguese. There are white five-pointed stars on the circle, symbolizing the 26 administrative regions in China. The positions of those stars are respectively18: 50 on October the day when the new government was established18891kloc-0/5438, and the positions of the stars are in Rio de Janeiro (the capital of Brazil was originally Rio de Janeiro, but later moved to Brasilia). Green and yellow are the national colors of Brazil. Green symbolizes forests and yellow symbolizes mineral deposits and resources.
10, national emblem:
A big five-pointed star stands out in the middle of the national emblem of Brazil, symbolizing the independence and unity of the country. There are five small five-pointed stars on the blue circle in the big five-pointed star, representing the Southern Cross. There are 27 small five-pointed stars on the ring, representing Brazilian states and the Federal District. The five-pointed star is surrounded by a garland woven with coffee leaves and tobacco leaves, and a sword stands behind it, with the hilt at the lower end of the five-pointed star. The ribbon reads "Federative Republic of Brazil" in Portuguese, "1889165438+10/5" (the founding day of the Republic.
1 1, the national anthem (HinoNacionalBrasileilo
Pedro I wrote the first national anthem after Brazil's independence. 1On September 7th, 822, Brazil declared its independence. He composed the song "Motherland, Emperor and People" and personally sang it at the patriotic rally in Sao Paulo that night, accompanied by a chorus. This song became the first national anthem of Brazil. After Pedro I abdicated, Francisco da silva, the founder of the Brazilian National Conservatory of Music and a famous musician, wrote a song that later became the national anthem of Brazil. 1909, rewritten by the famous poet Orisso Duque Estrada, was examined by the expert committee, and 1922 was designated as the national anthem of Brazil. Memories of the national anthem "Listen to the Voice of Piranga"1On September 7, 822, Pedro I issued "Give me independence or give me death!" The scene of the call praised the independence of the motherland and was full of patriotic feelings of the Brazilian people towards the motherland.
12, national flower: Crab claw orchid
Crab claw orchid is an epiphyte in the tropical rain forests of Brazil and Mexico, and it is the national flower of Brazil. The body color is bright green, the stems are multi-branched, and they are often hung in strings. A branch is composed of several sections, each section is inverted oval or rectangular, and several sections are as coherent as crab claws, hence the name. Its roots cling to the tall branches of giant trees or cliffs and are not shaken by wind and rain. Since the discovery of 18 18, it has been widely cultivated all over the world, and gardeners have cultivated more than 200 excellent varieties. The flowering period is from the first year 10 to the second year in March. Colors are white, red, purple and so on. And a plant has several flowers and no branches and leaves, which is very wonderful. Crab claw orchid is famous for its beautiful plant shape and gorgeous colors. Brazil once presented this flower to China, enriching the orchid treasure in China.
14, population:
The total population of Brazil is 20 1 100 million (the specific figure is 20 10327 14). 53.74% are white, 38.45% are mulatto, 6.2 1% are black, and 1.6% are yellow and Indian.
The Atlantic coast is densely populated, while the inland areas are sparsely populated. The southeastern region is the most populous region in Brazil. According to the data of IBGE IBGE2004, the population of this area is about 78 million, which is equivalent to 42% of the total population of Brazil. The region has three States with the largest population in Brazil (Sao Paulo, with a population of 70 million; Minas gerais,190,000; Rio de Janeiro,150,000; And the two largest cities (Rio and Sao Paulo). At the junction of Sao Paulo and Rio, a business district with Sao Paulo and Rio as its pillars has been formed, which has gathered about 23% of Brazil's population and become the most densely populated area in the country.