With the development of comprehensive cancer treatment, inpatients can basically receive good nutritional treatment, but the nutritional support after returning home is not satisfactory, so that many people suffer from malnutrition. Hospitalized again, many patients escaped the side effects of several rounds of radiotherapy and chemotherapy and the trauma of surgery, but eventually collapsed due to malnutrition.

How to strengthen nutrition during the treatment and recovery of cancer patients is mentioned in the "White Paper on Dietary Nutrition for Chinese Cancer Patients". At the end of the white paper, the anti-cancer experience of many cancer patients is listed, which is worth learning from.

Although more and more family members are beginning to pay attention to the role of nutrition, there are still family members of patients in the outpatient clinic asking how to eat at home. The more I ask, I find that there are some *** Sexual problems are summarized as follows:

Ignoring energy needs

Many family members of patients will consult the use of Ganoderma lucidum powder, spore powder, etc. in the outpatient clinic. I am not very proficient in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, so I The explanation is that "there is not much research to clarify its role." But from a nutritional point of view, these "supplements" are just icing on the cake, but they cannot help when it is time, because they lack the most basic nutritional need-energy.

Tumor is a chronic wasting disease. Tumor cells are constantly competing with normal cells of the body for energy, protein and other nutrients. If we do not replenish energy and necessary nutrients in time during this struggle, nutrients, then the defense forces will lose their combat effectiveness, and finally all the energy will be taken away by the tumor cells.

Would anyone say that if no energy is given, the tumor will be "starved" to death? The answer is no! Because tumor cells don't take the usual path, they will use up the body's energy to strengthen themselves, relying on "hungry" to fight tumors, which will only make the "enemy" more aggressive. Various studies have revealed that fighting by wearing yourself out is not worth the gain. When two armies confront each other, only when you are strong can you have the strength to fight against the enemy tumor!

Not paying attention to changes in weight

For cancer patients, changes in weight are closely related to their prognosis, but many family members neglect to weigh themselves regularly. link. In fact, changes in weight are the most direct and simplest indicator of a patient's nutritional status.

For cancer patients, "weight is life." Weight loss can be diagnosed if the patient experiences a non-subjective weight loss of 2% within 6 months (such as dieting, weight loss, exercise). Weight loss in convalescent patients is an important indicator of tumor recurrence and metastasis.

If the weight loss is greater than 10% within 6 months, it is likely to be severe caloric-protein malnutrition. Studies have shown that the survival time of cancer patients can be accurately predicted based on their weight loss rate and body mass index (BMI). A weight loss rate of 2.4% can significantly shorten the survival time.

To avoid treatment-induced weight loss and treatment interruption, intensive dietary therapy and oral nutritional preparations to increase energy intake are recommended (strongly recommended). When eating at home, you should also pay attention to monitoring your own weight. Patients and their families should know that malnutrition is also a disease. Good dietary patterns and nutritional support not only provide energy and nutrients, but also regulate metabolism and play an anti-tumor role. .

Let me emphasize that it is okay to lose weight, but it is not okay to be too obese. Maintaining a healthy weight is the most important

Improper use of nutritional preparations

Although many Everyone knows that protein powder is good for the body, and many patients will also choose protein powder as an additional supplement. However, the protein powder bought for hundreds of dollars is used in the wrong place, and it can only be eaten lonely.

①Protein powder should be consumed with meals and not as a fasting snack

The purpose of protein powder is to increase protein intake, promote protein synthesis in the body, and slow down negative nitrogen balance. However, the prerequisite for protein synthesis in the body is sufficient energy as a guarantee.

In a fasting state, the body's anabolism decreases, and as hunger arises, it will tend to catabolize. If you take protein powder at this time, the effect will not be obvious - it is basically the same as eating steamed buns. , just adds some energy to the body. Therefore, protein powder is best taken with a meal or immediately after a meal to achieve the effect of protein synthesis.

②Protein powder is not suitable for all people with hypoalbuminemia

Some family members start to ask patients to take protein powder as soon as they see that the protein on the test sheet is low. This is actually not true. Too safe an approach. There are many reasons for low protein. In addition to insufficient intake, there may be too much loss. Too much loss may be due to poor kidney function.

If the patient has low protein but high creatinine and a plus sign in urinary protein, he or she must be very careful. Excessive protein supplementation at this time will put a burden on the kidneys and cause more protein to escape from the urine.

For patients with kidney disease, protein supplementation is important:

③Be sure to check the liver function before taking protein powder

The liver synthesizes protein in the body Main organs, some patients with poor liver function may also experience low protein, but when taking protein, you must pay attention to the types of amino acids in the protein.

Protein is composed of different amino acids. Amino acids produce ammonia during liver metabolism. When ammonia cannot be detoxified by the liver, it will lead to an increase in blood ammonia and the development of hepatic encephalopathy. Therefore, for patients with poor liver function, the ability of the liver to metabolize ammonia needs to be considered. Branched-chain amino acids are usually metabolized in muscles and will not cause metabolic burden to the liver. Plant proteins have a higher proportion of branched-chain amino acids and are not available on the market. There are also nutritional preparations with high branched-chain amino acid ratios specially designed for liver diseases, which can be used as nutritional supplements.

④How to effectively supplement complete nutritional preparations

In addition to the choice of protein powder, many people also choose preparations with complete nutritional preparations, such as Ansu (drugs), Nengquan Su (drugs), Quan'an Su (food), Jiashen (food), Homogenate Su (food), etc. First of all, it should be noted that many complete nutritional preparations are of mixed quality, and the prices vary greatly. It is best to consult a professional nutritionist before making a choice. (A patient who consulted yesterday brought me a kind of homogenized meal and said it cost more than 200 yuan. This is a bit exaggerated. Generally, the price of homogenized meal is tens of dollars per bag, and there are also some on the Internet. There are many imitation products with similar packaging, which shows that there are still many pitfalls)

Many people take complete nutritional preparations, but the amount they take is not up to standard. Generally, the instructions for nutritional preparations will not directly indicate the daily dosage, because this amount needs to be adjusted according to personal diet. But basically, a daily intake of 400 kcal is required to provide nutritional support. Under normal circumstances, a can of complete nutritional preparations should be consumed in 4-5 days, but many people take one can for half a month, which cannot achieve the nutritional support effect.

It should also be noted that the complete nutritional preparation can be taken directly as a snack, especially for people with poor digestive function or with gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating and early satiety. The "3+3" treatment plan (3 meals + 3 oral complete nutritional preparations) supplements nutrition. Don't forget to monitor your weight while taking it. Once your weight drops, be sure to adjust the dosage or consult your doctor.

Finally, I attach a home diet recipe for cancer patients as a reference. I hope everyone can maintain a healthy weight during the home care stage.

Breakfast

1 egg and 2 egg whites (can also be eaten separately for three meals); a handful of green vegetables or tomatoes; the eggs can be boiled or fried with olive oil or stir-fried or cooked Make egg custard and eat it in various ways. The staple food is chestnut noodles, steamed buns or mixed vegetables.

Lunch and dinner

Have a small bowl of soup before meals to stimulate appetite. Don’t drink too much to affect your food intake. It can be any kind of bone soup or chicken soup. Be careful to remove the floating oil on it. (People with high uric acid should not eat it). You can put mushrooms, carrots, cabbage, yams, kelp, corn and all kinds of vegetables you like into the soup. Eat it with meat, soup and vegetables

Pay attention to the combination of movement and stillness

During the home recuperation stage, pay attention to rest and also try to move as much as possible to increase gastrointestinal motility and improve appetite.

Moderate exercise for cancer patients before, during and after treatment can reduce muscle loss, enhance physical fitness and improve treatment tolerance. Exercise should be carried out step by step and combined with your own situation. Although it is recommended that cancer patients engage in moderate-intensity physical activities for at least 30 minutes a day (such as brisk walking, dancing, playing ball, etc.), patients with poor physical strength should also do within their ability. They can limit their daily exercise to 30 minutes. The exercise goal is broken down into 10 to 15 minutes each time, 2 to 3 times a day, and a similar exercise effect can be achieved. Patients with poor physical strength or long-term bedridden patients should try to get up every 12 hours to move around, turn over, and lift their arms to help reduce muscle atrophy.

Examples of recipes for a week (for reference only)