Root vegetables: mainly white radish, carrot, radish cabbage, radish, potato, sweet potato and so on. Stem vegetables: mainly lettuce, stem mustard, bulb cabbage, bamboo shoots, potatoes, lotus roots, onions, garlic and so on. Leafy vegetables: mainly Chinese cabbage, spinach, amaranth, lettuce, leek, celery and so on. Cauliflower: mainly including day lily, cauliflower, purple flower, etc. Fruits and vegetables: mainly pumpkin, wax gourd, loofah, tomato, pepper, eggplant and so on.

First of all, root vegetables

1, white radish

It is the root vegetable and radish of Cruciferae. Its color is white, belongs to gold, enters the lungs, and the growth period is about 50 days. Generally, two seasons can be planted in a year. Its stem is upright, stout, cylindrical and hollow, and branches from the base. Its roots are fleshy, oblong, spherical or conical, and its roots are green, white, pink or purple.

Step 2: carrots

It is a kind of wild carrot, belonging to the genus Carrot in Umbelliferae. Its roots are stout, oblong-conical, orange-red or yellow, leaves are long-stalked, pinnately compound, lobes are linear or lanceolate, the apex is pointed, the stem is erect, and the height can reach 90 cm, and the petiole base expands to form a leaf sheath. Compound umbel, an annual or biennial herb, usually has white and sometimes reddish flowers.

3. Radish and cabbage

It is a biennial herb of Brassica in Cruciferae, gray-blue, covered with powder cream, 50- 100 cm high, half of which is blue-purple on the ground and half is underground. Its tuberous roots are ovoid or spindle-shaped, fat but not spicy, and its upper and top cauline leaves are oblong to oblong-lanceolate, with no hair on both sides. Racemes terminal or axillary, spreading after flowering.

4. potatoes

It is a grass-like twining vine in Leguminosae, with a lumpy, spindle-shaped or oblate root and fleshy. The corolla is light purple or reddish, the flag petal is nearly round, the seed is nearly square, flat, the wing petal is sickle-shaped, the style is curved, the pod is banded, flat, the stipules are linear-lanceolate, the leaflets are rhombic or oval, and the lobes are small and sharp, which bloom in August and bear fruit in June165438+1October.

Second, stem vegetables

1, lettuce

Alias lettuce, lettuce, green shoots, lettuce, lettuce species of Compositae can form a variety of tender stems, which are biennial herbs. The aboveground stems are edible, the skin is white and green, the meat is crisp and tender, the young stems are green, and the mature stems are white and green. Lettuce has strong adaptability and can be cultivated in spring and autumn or winter, mainly in spring and harvested in summer.

2. Bamboo shoots

Perennial evergreen plants of Bambusoideae, native to China. As a vegetable bamboo shoot, it must have tender tissue, no bitter taste or other bad taste, or a little bitter taste, and can only be eaten after processing to remove the bitter taste. I like warm and humid climate, and can grow on streams and beaches with deep soil layers and slightly acidic or neutral soil, and at the foot of hills below 500 meters above sea level.

Step 3: potatoes

Also known as yam egg, potato, potato, potato head, sweet potato, potato, potato, potato, potato, potato, potato, potato and so on. They belong to the genus Panicum in Solanaceae, and their tubers are edible. High yield, rich nutrition and strong adaptability to the environment have spread all over the world, and tropical and subtropical countries can cultivate high yield even in winter or cool season.

4. Lotus root

It belongs to Magnoliata, Alpinia. Slightly sweet and crisp, it can be eaten raw or cooked, and its medicinal value is quite high. It likes temperature, is not tolerant of shade, and is not suitable for water shortage and strong wind. Lotus root is mainly planted in marshland, and China and Hubei are rich in lotus root. Lotus root is a plant that likes light and is not tolerant to shade. It requires sufficient sunshine during the growing period and is not strict about the length of sunshine.

Third, leafy vegetables

1, Chinese cabbage

It is a biennial herb of Brassica in Cruciferae, with hairless whole plant, many basal leaves, large body, up to 60 cm, obovate oblong to broadly obovate, blunt tip, wrinkled edges, wavy flowers, oblong or ovoid sepals, erect, pale green to yellow, white and flat petioles, obovate petals, flat or rising fruit stalks, and seeds. It blooms in May and bears fruit in June.

2. Spinach

Also known as Persian cuisine, red root cuisine, parrot cuisine, etc. Millet, conical root, red, not too white, can be divided into two varieties according to the seed morphology: spiny species and spinless species. Spinach is a cold-tolerant vegetable, seeds can germinate at 4℃, the optimum temperature is 15-20℃, and the optimum temperature for vegetative growth is 15-20℃. Under the condition of high temperature and long sunshine, plants are easy to pick and bloom, and the requirements for sunshine intensity are not strict.

Step 3: leeks

Alias Fengben, Qiyangcao, Caostalactite, Changshengjiu, Lazy Vegetable, Yangyang Grass, Flat Vegetable, etc. It has a particularly strong smell, a procumbent rhizome and a narrow conical bulb, and is a perennial herb of Liliaceae. Its leaves, scape and flowers can be eaten as vegetables. Leek has strong adaptability, cold resistance and heat resistance, and is cultivated all over the country.

4.celery

Belonging to Umbelliferae, it has a long planting history and a large planting area in China. It is rich in protein, carbohydrates, carotene, B vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron and sodium. The cross section of the stem is nearly round, semi-circular or fan-shaped, and the leaves are attached to the shortened stem base with serrated edges. It is a biennial vegetable and blooms in the second year.

Fourth, cauliflower

1, daylily

Known as Nancai, Jincai, Hemerocallis fulva, Daylily, Chuancaohua, Wuchou Girl, Deer Chopped Onion, Yi Manhua and Xuan Calyx, they are known for their golden color, thick petals, delicate and fragrant food, fresh and smooth, and high nutritional value? Table treasure? . It is cultivated all over China, mostly distributed in the south of Qinling Mountains in China, and produced in Zhejiang, Hubei, Sichuan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Gansu, Shaanxi and other places.

2. Cauliflower

Also known as cauliflower, cauliflower or cauliflower, it is a very popular vegetable with delicious taste, high nutrition and high medicinal value. 2-3.5 cm long, grayish green, round top, flat, not curly, entire or with fine teeth, basal leaves and lower leaves oblong to oval, petiole 2-3 cm long; The middle and upper leaves of the stem are small and sessile, oblong to lanceolate, supporting the stem.

Step 3: Purple flower buds

Known as red cabbage, red cabbage and red oil cabbage, it is a subspecies of Brassica in Cruciferae, mainly distributed in the Yangtze River basin. They are the most famous biennial herbs cultivated in Wuchang, Hubei and Chengdu, Sichuan, and originated in China. Leaves attached to flower buds are called "flowering leaves".

Verb (abbreviation for verb) fruits and vegetables

1 pumpkin

An annual creeping herb of Cucurbitaceae, with broad elliptic or ovoid leaves, slightly soft texture, monoecious fruit stalks, angular and grooved veins, slightly stout tendrils, stems often rooted at nodes, stout petioles, which vary from species to species, often with several longitudinal grooves or no longitudinal grooves outside, and most seeds are oval or oblong.

2. wax gourd

Cucurbitaceae is an annual creeping or erect herb with yellow-brown bristles and villous stems, monoecious flowers, solitary fruit, long cylindrical or nearly spherical petiole, rough bristles and villous seeds, which are mainly distributed in other tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and cultivated all over China.

3.loofah

It is an annual climbing vine of Cucurbitaceae. Its tendrils are slightly stout and pubescent, usually 2-4 forked, the stems and branches are rough, wrinkled and puberulent, the fruit is cylindrical, straight or slightly curved, the surface is smooth, usually with dark longitudinal stripes, fleshy when immature, dry when mature, and there are reticular fibers inside. It is widely cultivated in the north and south of China, as well as in temperate and tropical regions of the world. There is wild in southern Yunnan, but the fruit is short.

4. tomatoes

That is to say, tomato is an annual or perennial herb of Lycopodium, Solanaceae and Lycopersicon. Strong smell, easy lodging of stems, pinnately compound leaves or pinnately parted leaves, oblate or nearly spherical berries, juicy meat, yellow seeds, summer and autumn. Can be eaten raw, cooked, processed tomato sauce, juice or whole fruit.