Salmon is a general term for herring and salmonidae, and it is an important cold-water economic fish in the world. The body is slender, the side is flat, covered with tiny round scales, and the side line is complete. Most kinds of young fish have black spots on the side. Distributed in the North Pacific Ocean, the Northeast Atlantic Ocean and its coastal waters. It is a anadromous fish or freshwater fish in the northern hemisphere, and there is no species that inhabit the ocean all its life.

Basic introduction Chinese name: Salmon Latin scientific name: Salmo salar Kingdom: Fauna: Fish Family: Salmonidae Genus: Fish Subgenus: Fish species: fish introduction, sexual taste, efficacy indications, gallbladder, fat, brain marrow, blood, intestine, teeth, bone, skin, efficacy indications, accessories, words, fish, introduction and form. Its efficacy is mainly used for killing insects, and it is not suitable for eating with beans and epimedium. Bile tastes bitter, cold and nontoxic. Efficacy: It is mainly used to treat symptoms such as red eye and pain, and can also treat glaucoma. It has the functions of keeping eyes smart and bright, making people's skin moist, energetic and anti-aging. Long-term service makes people strong and healthy, which is beneficial to their aspirations. A little bit on the eye can remove redness and pain, and you can't see clearly. Ear drops, cure deafness. Lipids are mainly used for eating and treating infantile convulsions. Brain marrow function is mainly used to treat various convulsions. Cook porridge to treat sudden deafness. Can be used for treating glaucoma. Blood function is mainly used to treat children's redness, swelling and sores. When applied to the affected area, it takes effect immediately. Intestinal efficacy is mainly used to treat children's skin sores. Mash it with vinegar, wrap it in cotton cloth and stuff it in your ear. When treating hemorrhoids and fistula, cut the fish intestines, bake them dry, wrap them in cotton cloth and sit on the affected area. Dental function is mainly used to treat lithiasis and dysuria. Bone function is mainly used to treat leukorrhagia, bloody and furuncle in women. Fish cannot be cured. Skin function is mainly used to treat adult addiction rash. Burn it to ashes, take it with water and cure the fish for six or seven days. Efficacy is mainly used to treat abdominal pain due to blood stasis after burning out and grinding into ashes. It can also be used for treating hematemesis, leakage due to collapse, and prolapse of hemorrhoids. The attached prescription is used to treat edema and pregnancy edema: one carp, three liters of vinegar, boiled in water to achieve recovery. You can also use a carp tail, a liter of red beans and two buckets of water to cook and drink juice. The more you eat at a time, the more you eat. Treatment of throat paralysis and pain: take 20 pieces of carp gall and mix it with the soil at the bottom of the stove and apply it to the throat, which will soon take effect. Treatment of impotence: one carp gall and one chicken liver, one pill as big as a bird's egg and bean, one pill at a time. The words GUI, Hua, Xie salmon and red fish; ; Trout; Zheng code: RBB, U: 9C9 1,: F6D9 salmon stroke number: 14, radical: fish, stroke sequence number: 35251211265438. Trout; Salmon 1 (1) salmon guī (2) fish name. Salmon [Salmon] Any of several fishes of the family Salmonidae. They live in the offshore waters of the North Atlantic and the North Pacific, and their breeding period can be traced back to inland rivers. The introduction of spawning fish originally refers to a large salmon (Salmonidae), usually called Atlantic salmon, and later refers to all salmon, especially the Pacific salmon that constitutes Oncorhynchus. Salmon is silvery white in the ocean, but its body color will change during the breeding season, and the changes of body color of different species are also different. At this time, the male fish usually has a hooked upper jaw. The color change of Pacific salmon is very obvious. Adult fish swim upstream in spring or autumn, not foraging, but also swallowing bait. The spawning grounds may not be far from the sea, but salmon and salmon have to swim more than 3,200 kilometers (2,000 miles) to spawn at the source of yukon river. The migratory salmon is driven by instinct, resists the rapids, jumps over the high water head and finally reaches the spawning ground. Salmon from inland rivers, even if they mature in deep lakes, have to go upstream and lay eggs in tributaries. Although people fish Atlantic salmon commercially in some areas, Atlantic salmon is mainly regarded as a precious fish. Large-scale salmon and silver salmon are precious catches of rivers along the Pacific coast. The commercial fishing of Pacific salmon catches millions of pounds of salmon every year, of which nearly half are pink salmon, 1/3 are salmon, and the rest are mostly red salmon. "Shan Hai Jing" records: "Fish, shaped like an ox, lives in the mausoleum, wings in the tail of a snake, feathers under the chin, sounds like leaving an ox, and comes back to life in winter without swelling." Its shape is slender, its side is flat, it is covered with tiny round scales, and its side line is complete. Most kinds of young fish have black spots on both sides of their bodies. Some species have well-developed teeth, so they can distinguish sex by tooth deformation when laying eggs. The front or lower position of the mouth. The dorsal fin is short, usually located in the center of the back, with no more than 17 branch fins and no more than 20 gluteal fins, and the fins are fat. There are many pyloric sacs in the intestine. Most species have transparent front and back fat eyelids, and the front fat eyelids are double eyelids. Species There are 68 species belonging to 9 genera in the world, mainly including Salmonidae, Salmonidae, Salmonidae, Hucho, Salmonidae and Salmonidae. (Salmothymus), white salmon (Coregonus), northern salmon (Stenodusa) and other genera. Salmon is a representative species of undergraduate course. Salmon belongs to Oncorhynchus keta, and O.gorbuscha, O.nerka, O.kisutch, O.tschawytscha and O.masou are all distributed in the North Pacific Ocean, and they all lay eggs upstream. Among them, Ma Su salmon is only found along the coast of Asia, and the other five species are distributed along the coast of Asia and North America. This genus is distributed from the southernmost coast of Asia to Taiwan Province Province, and from the coast of America to San Francisco. The most suitable water area is north of latitude 40, and the distribution range is usually no more than south of latitude 33 and north of latitude 70. There are four kinds of salmon in China, namely, Ma Su salmon, humpback salmon and land-sealed Ma Su salmon. There are 6 kinds of salmon, collectively referred to as Pacific salmon. O. nerka is distributed in Japan and northwest America from the northern Bering Sea to the Columbia River. Kisucci is distributed from Bering Sea to Salinas River and Motry Bay. O. keta (dog salmon) is distributed in Mackenzie River and Lena River in the southern Arctic to Japan and Rogge River in the south. O. tshawytscha (spring salmon, Chinook salmon and king salmon) is distributed from yukon river to China and the Sacramento River. O. gorbuscha (humpback salmon, pink salmon) is distributed from the Arctic to Japan and the Klamath River. The salmon (Ma Su) is found in the Japanese coast. Atlantic salmon is native to the rivers on the east and west sides of the North Atlantic. The fish of this genus breed in fresh water, fatten and grow in the ocean, return to their native rivers to lay eggs when they are sexually mature, and only lay eggs 1 grain in their lifetime, and the parent fish will die soon after laying eggs. The spawning grounds are generally located in inland waters with clear water quality and gravel or gravel bottom, and the spawning period is mostly in autumn and winter. Young fish mostly feed on zooplankton such as crustaceans, copepods and crustaceans, but they mainly feed on fish after falling into the sea. In the process of adult fish returning from the ocean to the spawning ground in inland waters, they don't eat at all, and their intestines shrink. When swimming to the estuary, the testis and ovary were not fully developed, but they gradually matured during the long journey back to the river. The size of the eggs changed from small to large, and the weight of the eggs increased by about 2.5 times compared with that in the estuary. Natural hatching is attacked by river water level changes, dry freezing and natural enemies of animals, and the survival rate of hatching is generally low. Salmon is different from other genera of Salmonidae in its big mouth, small scales, short anal fins and long plough bones. There are 7 species (with many varieties and subspecies), which are Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), brown salmon (S.trutta), Kamchatka salmon (S.penschinensis) and Xie Fan salmon (S. Isch). Salmon is a freshwater fish in the northern hemisphere, and most of them lay eggs upstream. In Europe, there are endemic lake salmon that grow in lakes and lay eggs in rivers, and river salmon that live in rivers. Lake salmon are generally smaller. The spawning period of settled lake salmon and river salmon is mostly in June10 ~ June1~ March. European salmon settlement types, some of which can be used as breeding objects in cold water ponds. Salmon species are distributed along the North Atlantic coast of Europe, North America and Asia, but the Atlantic Ocean is widely distributed and the Pacific Ocean is less. There are five species in the Soviet Union, and there are brown salmon subspecies in the Black Sea, Caspian Sea and Aral Sea. There are four in Canada and three in Britain. There are 15 subspecies of brown salmon in European inland waters. Salmo is distributed in the circumpolar region along the northern coast of Europe and America and the islands in the Arctic. This genus is the farthest freshwater fish in the Arctic, and it is also found in Japan. There is a kind of salmon in Tumen River and its tributaries in China, which is small in quantity and has no fishery value. Hucho is distributed in Heilongjiang River Basin, Japan, Korea and the Danube and Volga rivers in Europe. This is a fierce big fish. There are three types: Soviet Union, Japan and Europe. There are not only taimen 1 species of taimen, but also two species of taimen1species of taimen (commonly known as tiger carp) and taimen Ishikawa, which are distributed in the upper reaches of Minjiang River and the mountainous rivers of Dadu River in Sichuan. Generally, they live in rivers where the water temperature is below 20℃ all the year round and the water flows rapidly. Generally, they lay eggs from mid-May to mid-June in spring. H.perryi is a Japanese fish from the Far East, which migrates from the Sea of Japan and lays eggs in summer. The number of pregnant eggs is 10000 ~ 34000, and the egg diameter is small. The incubation period is 30 ~ 35 days. There are only 1 species in this genus, which is relatively few. They are distributed in the Heilongjiang River Basin and some rivers from the Pacific coast to the Yalu River. It is found in China, Soviet Union, Korea, Mongolia and other countries, and distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and other provinces in China. Chaobai River, Heihe River, Shitou River in Hebei Province, Weihe River tributary in Shaanxi Province, and Irtysh River in Xinjiang also exist. The quantity is small, so it is not an important fishery object. Salmon? There are only two kinds of salmon, which are distributed in Dalmatia, Yugoslavia. The average weight of adult Atlantic salmon is about 4.5 kilograms (65,438+00 pounds), while the average weight of salmon can reach 65,438+00 kilograms (23 pounds), and 22-36 kilograms (50-80 pounds) are also common. The average weight of salmon is about 4.5 ~ 5.5 kg (10 ~ 12 kg). Silver salmon weighs about 3 ~ 4.5 kg (7 ~ 10 kg). Red salmon weighs about 2-3 kg (4-7 kg). Salmon weight 1.3 ~ 2.7 kg (3 ~ 6 lbs). Pacific salmon live in the ocean most of the time, but return to the stream to lay eggs in adulthood. The female fish dug a hole in the gravel of the stream and laid eggs in it. The male fish excretes semen at the same time, and then the female fish buries the eggs with gravel. Adult Pacific salmon die soon after spawning, but many Atlantic salmon can return to the ocean to spawn again after 1 ~ 2 years, and some can spawn 3 ~ 4 times. Most salmon lay eggs in late summer or autumn, and eggs usually hatch young fish in late winter. The incubation period depends on the temperature and takes 60 ~ 200 days. After the young fish hatch, they first suck the yolk from the bag attached to their bodies as a source of nutrition, and then wriggle in the gravel to find food. Salmon larvae enter the ocean almost immediately, while salmon larvae enter the ocean several weeks after hatching. Silver salmon stay in the stream all year round, while young salmon and Atlantic salmon can feed in the stream 1 ~ 3 years or even longer. Young salmon live in the lake before entering the ocean 1 ~ 5 years. The Pacific Ocean has the largest salmon production and a large fishery scale. Among the species returning to the North Pacific, five species are the main production targets of the ocean, and a large number can also be captured in coastal rivers. Japan, the Soviet Union, the United States and Canada are the main producers of countries along the North Pacific. Salmon in China is mainly produced in Heilongjiang Province, and mainly catches fish spawning in tributaries such as Wusuli River in Heilongjiang Province. Salmon fishing is mainly carried out in coastal waters. The Soviet Union and Japan use fixed nets to fish in the offshore, and gill nets or ground trawls to fish in coastal rivers. The spawning incubation period of returning salmon is in winter. Because the water level is low and dry, the river water is polluted, and the spawning conditions are destroyed, many countries have not only taken active protection measures, but also carried out large-scale artificial release, using the characteristics of released fish to return to the original released river for fishing, and achieved obvious resource growth and greatly improved production. In addition, some species of salmon have been transplanted to the waters of India, Australia and New Zealand. Salmon meat is delicious and nutritious. Suitable for fresh food, pickling, smoking and canning. It can also be processed into fillets and fish pieces. Salmon roe is a valuable food. Cultured salmon is a very famous upstream migratory fish, which lays eggs in the upper reaches of freshwater rivers and returns to the ocean for fattening after giving birth. Young fish live in fresh water for 2-3 years, then go into the sea, live in the sea for one or several years, and then return to their original birthplace to lay eggs after sexual maturity. Although the spawning period of Atlantic salmon is from September to February of the following year, almost every month of the year, there are fish schools close to the coast, and with the help of tidal current, they flow upstream from the estuary to the river. From entering the estuary to going upstream, they must rely on their own swimming ability, and the power to complete the reproductive task is very strong. In order to fly over obstacles such as waterfalls and river dams, they must use their strong swimming ability to rush out of the water and jump over obstacles. Their "flying over" the waterfall has been praised as a wonder for many years. They stop eating as soon as they get fresh water, so they gradually lose weight after leaving the ocean and entering the river. When I first entered the river, because the parent fish stored enough nutrients in the ocean, the salmon at that time had a healthy and beautiful appearance and bright silvery white. However, after a long journey, as soon as we approached the spawning ground, there were significant changes, especially the external shape. The bright silver color disappeared and became dark reddish brown. The front teeth of the male fish change, the snout and mandible protrude, and the front end of the mandible bends upward to form a hook shape. In the upper reaches of the river, the skin on the back becomes quite thick and spongy. There is a pulp in the middle, red and orange spots and stripes appear on the body, and there are black spots surrounded by white circles. The male salmon in this period is also called red fish, while the black and strong mature female salmon is called black fish. During the upstream period, the muscles of salmon have undergone important changes. When salmon that just left the ocean began to swim back into the river, their tissues had solid red muscles and rich fat. However, when reaching the upstream and approaching spawning, due to the development of reproductive organs, the fat has been exhausted and the muscles have become dull. The rapid transfer of fat from muscle to reproductive organs has resulted in hermaphroditism in fish, which is also a by-product of fat transfer. Because it can't be completely excreted, it forms a protrusion at the front end of the upper and lower jaws, or spots appear on the skin. The spawning ground of salmon is selected in the shallow water of gravel bed with fast water flow. Once the parent fish arrives at the spawning ground, the males and females disperse in pairs, and then the female fish starts to work, shaking her body and tail, digging out shallow depressions and laying a few eggs in the depressions. These eggs were immediately fertilized by the male fish and the fertilized eggs sank to the bottom of the depression. Because the surface of the egg is sticky, the egg can adhere to the bottom of the river. After that, the female fish covers the eggs with fine gravel. Because water can quickly pass through the gaps between fine gravel, eggs can get enough oxygen. This spawning behavior is repeated every few minutes, and after each spawning, the parent fish gradually moves upstream. This oviposition operation lasted for 65438 0-2 weeks until all the eggs were ovulated and fertilized. The spawning bed or depression of salmon is called "reproductive bed", and the reproductive bed of a pair of salmon can reach several meters long. During spawning, males are generally rude. If there is an intruder, the male will immediately chase and drive away fiercely, even if he meets the same kind of male, it will cause fierce struggle. The most difficult enemy in the spawning ground is the male trout. When the male trout is away, the male trout will arrange sperm on salmon eggs. Laying eggs is very tiring for salmon, especially for males. After spawning, the parent fish is very tired, with a big head and a thin body. In a state of extreme fatigue, it is very difficult to return to the ocean after a long journey. Most individuals are either too tired, sick or injured and hungry, or killed by waterfowl, river otters and other enemies. Only a few males can return to the ocean and live to lay eggs for the second time. However, most female fish can still return to the ocean, get rich food in the ocean, return to their previous normal state, show bright silvery white again, and the protruding part of their jaws is reduced due to absorption. There are many kinds of salmon, including 5 or 6 species along the Pacific coast of North America, many species in Northern Europe and 3 species in Heilongjiang River Basin of China. Almost all of them have similar spawning habits. In some species, the journey back to the river is more difficult, and some species travel more than 2000 kilometers. Therefore, after these salmon are bred, sometimes they can all die before they are finished. In some rivers, dead salmon floating in the river can be several kilometers long, or piled up by the river for several centimeters. The natural enemy salmon is born in fresh water, but lives in the ocean. Every year, it comes back from thousands of miles upstream of the ocean to mate where it was born. The difficulties and obstacles on the way are equivalent to a long March. Salmon has many natural enemies, such as sharks in the sea, grizzly bears on land, vultures in the sky and other raptors. It really takes a lot of courage for a small salmon to do such a thing, but for the sake of future generations, they will not hesitate. The long March of salmon is very tragic, because most salmon will die because of the long March, and some will be captured by natural enemies. Even if they are lucky enough not to be caught, their life span will not be long, because most successful mating salmon are exhausted and their lives will come to an end. The death of most salmon was not in vain, because they left their roots, and in the next spring, new life would be born. Eating salmon is a popular food and a very healthy food. Salmon meat is rich in protein and OMEGA-3 fatty acids, but low in fat. Salmon meat is orange because it contains astaxanthin. This is a red-fleshed fish, but there are also some white-fleshed wild species. Atlantic salmon (99%) is farmed. If there is no astaxanthin in the feed, the meat is white, while the salmon produced in the Pacific Ocean is caught wild (more than 80%). There are many ways to eat salmon. Japanese people make salmon sashimi or sushi, and also make fish heads into salted salmon and other dishes. Europeans and Americans will smoke smoked salmon or can it for storage. Because raw salmon meat contains anisakis or marine parasites, salmon will not be eaten as raw fish before refrigeration is invented. Ingredients: 8 slices of smoked salmon, 1 teaspoon of black caviar, 2 slices of French bread. Salmon balls with asparagus sauce: sauce: 4 teaspoons of yogurt, 2 teaspoons of chopped onion, 0 teaspoon of 65438+ asparagus, and a little chopped coriander; Salmon meatballs are attractive in appearance and color, smoked, sweet and mellow, sweet and sour. They are good table wines for wine. Method: (1) Mix minced onion, coriander and coriander, add yogurt and mix well. Spare: (2) Put two pieces of smoked salmon flat on the plastic wrap and put the sauce on it. (3) Roll the fresh-keeping paper and smoked salmon into balls, and take out the fresh-keeping paper after shaping. (4) Put the French bread slices in the oven and bake until crisp. (5) Put the smoked salmon on a piece of bread. Garnish with black caviar and serve. Experience: When shopping, remember to buy fresh, soft, shiny smoked salmon, which is the top grade. Wine Matching: The "Albet I Noya Brut" Kawa sparkling wine from Penders is the best choice for seafood matching. Thai curry salmon cuisine: Southeast Asian flavor raw materials: salmon steak 1 slice, coconut milk 1 2 cup, curry sauce 1 tablespoon, sugar12 tablespoons, fish sauce1teaspoon, red pepper 10 strips. Stir-fry the salmon steak until it is almost done, then add the remaining coconut milk to taste with fish sauce and sugar, cook until the oil and sauce are separated, and sprinkle with lime leaves and red peppers. There are only five kinds of real salmon in the world, and other so-called salmon are actually people's habitual names. These five kinds of salmon are: 1. Arctic salmon-also known as Arctic salmon; 2. Colored salmon-also known as American red-spotted salmon; 3. Dolly salmon-also known as flower paste red-spotted salmon; 4. Lake salmon-also known as lake salmon and grey trout salmon; 5. Tauren salmon-also known as red spot salmon and three-striped salmon;