Basic introduction Chinese name: Five western fast food nicknames: bread, sandwich, hamburger, hot dog and pizza. Classification: soft bread and hard bread. Shape: long, round, rectangular, stick, flower-shaped bread, sandwich, hamburger, hot dog and pizza. Someone once asked Einstein, "What is the greatest invention in the world?" Without thinking, he replied, "bread!" "Bread was invented by the ancient Egyptians and Babylonians. At first, they made bread with flour, water and salt, but the dough was dry and hard because it was not fermented. Later, the Egyptians inadvertently put the mixed dough in the sun, and the dough fermented itself after being heated. At this time, the dough is baked on the fire, and the bread becomes soft and delicious. Later, Egyptian bread natural fermentation technology was introduced to Greece and Rome. In the 5th century BC, professional bread workshops appeared in some European cities. /kloc-the bread oven came out in Europe in the 0/4th century, which greatly reduced the labor intensity of making bread. /kloc-in the 0/7th century, the Dutch Levin Hook discovered yeast again, and since then, the method of making bread fermented by yeast has become popular in Europe. /kloc-since the 0/8th century, with the appearance of machines and electricity, bread production has entered the industrial era of mechanization and automation. Bread can be divided into salty bread and sweet bread according to taste, staple bread and snack bread according to use, long bread, round bread, rectangular bread, stick bread and flower bread according to shape, whole wheat bread, rye bread, potato bread and cottonseed protein bread according to raw materials, milk bread, jam bread, vitamin, glucose bread and meat bread according to additives. When making soft bread, the fermented dough should be put into a baking tray with a certain shape and then baked in the oven. When making hard bread, there is no need to bake, just put the bread blank kneaded into a certain shape directly on the baking tray and then bake it in the oven. In recent years, with the strengthening of people's health awareness, many new faces have appeared in the bread family, such as soybean bread, vegetable bread, mushroom bread and student lunch bread. In order to make bread delicious, beautiful and nutritious, people think hard about the shape of bread, deliberately add various things to bread or try to change the stuffing of bread, but in the end they can't get rid of the true color of bread. Sandwich sandwich is actually a kind of bread with stuffing, which is now widely popular in western countries. There is an interesting story about the origin of sandwiches. Sandwich Sandwich was originally an unknown town in southeast England. /kloc-in the 8th century, there was an earl named John montague in the town. He liked playing cards very much. He is addicted to card games all day and forgets to eat and sleep. It was difficult for the servant to serve his diet, so he put some vegetables, eggs and sausages between two pieces of bread and let him eat while playing cards. Unexpectedly, montague was overjoyed with this kind of food and casually called it a "sandwich". When you are hungry, shout, "Get a sandwich! "Other gamblers have followed suit, eating sandwiches while playing cards. Soon, sandwiches spread all over the British Isles, to the European continent, and later to the United States. Nowadays, sandwiches are not as simple as before, and many new varieties have been developed. For example, there are "nightclub sandwiches" with chicken or turkey slices, bacon, lettuce and tomatoes, "capital sandwiches" with corned beef, Swiss cheese and pickles covered with Russian-style bread slices, and "tea sandwiches" with fish sauce, cucumbers, celery and tomatoes. In Scandinavian countries in northern Europe, sandwiches are covered with refined fish, sliced meat and salad, and there are no slices of bread on them. However, in France, when making sandwiches, bread slices are usually not used, but bread rolls or flour rolls are used instead. Sandwich has become one of the main fast food in the west today. Hamburg Many things in the world are caused by mistakes, and the appearance of Hamburg is one of them. This kind of fast food, which is popular all over the world, did not originate from Hamburg, Germany, but was an accidental masterpiece of an American chef. Hamburg 65438+At the beginning of the 9th century, an American chef was sent to a passenger ship named Hamburg Amerigo to cook for German immigrants. Because he didn't know the eating habits of the Germans, but he didn't want to ask, he took the liberty of mixing the beef, onions and bread crumbs on board to make patties, and then sending them to the restaurant between the breads. Germans are full of praise after eating this kind of food that they have never seen before, and they have asked the chef how to make it. After landing, German immigrants cooked this food for some Americans. Americans also feel delicious after eating it, thinking that it was created by Germans. But when people asked what the name of this food was, the Germans couldn't answer. So some people named it "Hamburg" after the ship that German immigrants took at that time. From 65438 to 0835, Charlie Naglin set up a workshop in Wisconsin, USA, specializing in the production of hamburgers, which was the first commercial operation of American hamburgers. 1955, McDonald's fast food company specializing in hamburgers opened. Because of the exquisite materials and uniform standards, the sales of hamburgers have increased greatly. A typical American hamburger is to cut the baked hot bread horizontally, and then put a piece of freshly fried beef pie, lettuce, tomatoes, pickles and so on. Eat while it's hot. In new york, some people put onions, garlic and ketchup in their hamburgers. However, in Japan, locals like to put an egg cake in their hamburgers. In other countries, people like to put fish in hamburgers and pour soy sauce on them. Hot dog Hot dog is not boiled dog meat, but a Chinese translation of hot dog, a western fast food. Hot dogs, formerly known as "sausages", appeared in the beer hall in Frankfurt in the18th century and were sold as an appetizer. Hot dog 1893, at the World Expo held in Chicago, USA, a German immigrant suddenly attacked and sold hot Frankfurt cooked sausages in bread. This kind of food, which is neither spicy nor greasy, became very popular as soon as it was put on the market, attracting many tourists to buy it. Not long after, a polo match was held somewhere in the United States. A vendor imitated the practice of German immigrants and sold sausages shaped like pugs in a bun. When the painter Thomas Dowd saw him, he had a sudden inspiration and drew a cartoon called "Hot Dog" and published it in the newspaper. In an instant, the name of "hot dog" spread like wildfire and spread all over America. 19 16, the first American standard hot dog restaurant opened in new york, and hot dog fast food gradually became popular in the United States. Today, sausages in American hot dogs include beef, pork and poultry. According to statistics, Americans consume 100 hot dogs per capita every year, and the total amount exceeds 100 billion US dollars. British people consume more hot dogs per capita every year, which is 1 10. Pizza pizza, also known as Italian patties, is a fast food that can rival hamburgers in the west. Pizza originated in Naples, Italy, and is one of the most common fast food in Italy. Pizza Pizza is generally 20 cm in diameter, but it can be large or small. A table can eat a big pizza. Pizza made at home can be decided according to your living standard and hobbies. The ingredients can be more or less, coarse or fine, or even salty fried cakes without ingredients. Pizza spread to America with Italian immigrants. 1905, the first pizza shop appeared in new york, which quickly became popular in the United States. After World War II, the production lines of pizza industry spread all over the United States, and even one or two pizza shops could be found in every village. The typical American farmhouse meal is pizza fried with sausage, bacon, minced beef, oysters, mushrooms, shrimp and pepper. The favorite food of American children is pizza.