Gansu is composed of the initials of Ganzhou (now Zhangye) and Suzhou (now Jiuquan).
Because Xixia once set up Gansu military sub-division, Gansu Province was set up in Yuan Dynasty, referred to as Gansu; Because most of the province is in the west of Longshan (Liupan Mountain), Longyou Road was set up here in the Tang Dynasty, so it is also called Longyan for short.
Expand the information of Gansu history:
In the pre-Qin period, China was divided into Kyushu, and Gansu was subordinate to Yong and Liang, formerly known as "the land of Yong and Liang".
In Shang Dynasty, Zhou tribe, the ancestor of Zhou people, who lived in Jinghe and Weihe river basins and was still in the clan tribe stage, improved farming and opened up the earliest agriculture in China. Before the destruction of the Shang Dynasty, it defeated Xirong, lived together with other nationalities, and extended its territory to Mi (now Lingtai County). During this period, there were Qiang, Gong (now north of Jingchuan County) and Mi (now west of Lingtai County) tribes in Gansu Province.
During the Western Zhou Dynasty, the ancestors of Qin people settled in the eastern part of the province, that is, Tianshui area, and began a slow transition from nomadic economy to agricultural economy, while nomadic life still dominated.
During the Qin Dynasty, in the ninth year of King Zhouzhuang (688 BC), the State of Qin established Yunxian (south of Tianshui Maiji District) and Jixian (now Gangu County) in the conquered areas, which were the earliest two counties in the history of China.
During the Warring States Period, the territory of the State of Qin had reached the southeast of Gansu. From the fifth year of King Yuan Geng of Qin Huiwen to the eleventh year of Yuan Geng (320-3 14), the State of Qin conquered the Iraqi Canal many times, and put down the western military forces. Longxi County was established in the twenty-seventh year of Qin Zhaowang (280 BC), and Beidi County was established in the thirty-fifth year of Qin Zhaowang (272 BC) nine years later.
In the 26th year of Qin Shihuang (the first 22 years1year), Qin unified the whole country and set up 36 counties. Gansu still belongs to Longxi County and Beidi County.
In the second year of Yuanshou in the Western Han Dynasty (formerly 12 1), Wuwei County and Jiuquan County were added on the basis of Longxi County and Beidi County to govern the northwest of Gansu. In the third year of Ding Yuan (formerly 1 14), Tianshui County, Anding County and Wudu County were added. In the sixth year of Ding Yuan (before 1 1 1), Wuwei County was placed under Zhangye County, and Jiuquan County was placed under Dunhuang County.
In the sixth year of the Yuan Dynasty (8 1 year ago), two counties were divided from Tianshui, Longxi and Zhangye to establish Jincheng County. Since then, Gansu has set up ten counties.
The administrative divisions in the Eastern Han Dynasty were generally divided into three levels: state, county and county, following the organizational system of the Western Han Dynasty, and adding two minority administrative regions, namely, Zhang Ye's belonging to the state and Zhang Ye's belonging to Juyan's belonging to Liangzhou.
The Three Kingdoms period followed the organizational system of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Most places belong to Cao Wei, and parts of the south belong to Shu Han.
During the Western Jin Dynasty, it belonged to Liangzhou, Qin Zhou and Yongzhou. From the end of the Western Jin Dynasty to the Sixteen Kingdoms period, the separatist regimes established across the border or in Gansu successively included: Houzhao, Qianqin, Houqin, Liang Qian, Xiqin, Hou Liang, Nanliang, Beiliang and Xiliang, each of which occupied a part of today's Gansu.
During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Gansu was the ruling area of Northern Wei, Western Wei and Northern Zhou. During this period, the north and south confronted each other, the country split, there were many counties, frequent regime changes and chaotic administrative establishment. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, there were 8 states, 35 counties and 9 1 counties in Gansu. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, there were 22 states and 56 counties 104 county.
Sui unified China and annexed counties. The whole province 16 counties, 76 counties. In the late period of Yang Di's rule, East Turkistan rose to the level of prosperity of "glory, virtue but not antiquity". In the 13th year of Daye (6 17), in July, the troops were dispatched to Sima Li, Yangying House, Wuwei County, to fight against Sui, occupy Hexi, establish a cool country, make its capital in ancient Tibet, establish a peaceful life and join East Turkistan.
In the second year of Tang Wude (6 19), Gui Li was destroyed by Li Yuan. In the Tang Dynasty, the county was changed into a road, and the provinces belonged to Guannei Road, Longyou Road and Shannan Road, which governed 22 states. In the second year of Guangde (764), Hexi and Longyou, including Gansu, were occupied by Tubo. In the third year of Dazhong (849), the Tang Dynasty occupied Qin, Yuan, Anle, Wei, Fu, He and Wei.
In the fifth year of Dazhong (85 1), Zhang Yichao, a Han Chinese, occupied Hexi and Longyou, including Gansu, and joined the Tang Dynasty, which occupied Gansu again.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, when Xixia ruled Hexi, there was the Gansu Military Division (in Ganzhou, now Ganzhou District of Zhangye City). This is the earliest name in Gansu.
In the Yuan Dynasty, Gansu Province was established, which governed seven states west of the Yellow River, and Xingyuan Road in Shaanxi was the area east of the Yellow River.
In the Ming Dynasty, it was changed to the provincial headquarters, and the provinces belonged to Shaanxi Chief Secretary, Shaanxi Dusi and Shaanxi Hangdu, and most of the areas under its jurisdiction inherited the Yuan Dynasty. According to the customization of the Ming Dynasty, the garrison stationed in border areas and key areas set up offices in border cities and provinces. The garrison was a military organization, but later it was also responsible for civil affairs in the border areas.
In the Qing Dynasty, the right chief secretary of Shaanxi Province was established, and later it was changed to the chief secretary of Gansu Province. The administrative center moved from Changgong (now Longxi County) to Lanzhou, which now governs parts of Gansu, Xinjiang, Qinghai and Ningxia provinces. In the 10th year of Guangxu (1884), Xinjiang was separated.
In the second year of the Republic of China (19 12), Gansu Province was divided into seven roads: Ningxia (formerly Shuofang), Xining (formerly Haidong), Lanshan, Jingyuan (formerly Longdong), Weichuan (formerly Longnan), Ganliang (formerly Hexi) and An Su (formerly Bianguan).
It governs Gansu, western Inner Mongolia, northern and eastern Qinghai, southwestern Outer Mongolia and Ningxia. In the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927), Qinghai and Ningxia were divided into two provinces in the 18th year of the Republic of China (1929). During the Second Revolutionary Civil War, Longdong in the province belonged to Longdong and Guanzhong in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region.
In the thirty-eighth year of the Republic of China (1949), the Gansu administrative office was established on August 26th, with jurisdiction over Jiuquan, Zhangye, Wuwei, Lanzhou, Dingxi, Linxia, Qingyang, Tianshui, Pingliang and Wudu, with 1 1 area (area, city) and 73 counties (bureaus). Gansu Administrative Office is under the Northwest Military and Political Committee (later renamed Northwest Administrative Committee, revoked in 1954).
1950 65438+ 10 On October 8th, Gansu Provincial People's Government was formally established, which now governs Gansu and western Inner Mongolia.
Gansu Provincial People's Government-Brief Introduction of Gansu Province