In BC 1600, Shang Tang led the Shang tribe to destroy the Xia Dynasty and set up a shopping mall, which was known as the Battle of Shang Tang to Destroy the Summer.
I. Background
At the end of the Xia Dynasty, the country declined and Jiangshan began to fall apart. After Xia Jie, the last monarch of Xia Dynasty, ascended the throne, the rule became more cruel. Shang tribes developed rapidly because of animal husbandry. By the end of Xia Dynasty, when Tang became the leader, it had become a powerful tribe. Shang Tang saw the corruption in Xia Jie and was determined to destroy the Xia Dynasty. At this time, Xia was a traitor, and Shang Tang led well, so our army was quickly defeated, and Jie was also defeated.
Second, the process
About 1600 BC, Shang Tang formally set out to attack the summer. Before the war, he held a solemn oath, saying that Xia Jie was extremely guilty of destroying production and brutally exploiting and oppressing the people. He claimed that it was God's will to conquer Xia Jie in order to save the people from the mire, and Shang Tang also announced strict battlefield discipline, which greatly boosted morale.
After taking the oath before the war, Shang Tang chose 70 good cars and 6,000 "mortals". In the decisive battle, we joined forces with the armies of various countries, making a strategic detour to the west of Zhixia. Surprise, capture the capital, Xia Jie, west refused to soup, in Mingtiao area and Shang Tang army launched a strategic decisive battle. In the decisive battle, Shang Tang's army fought bravely and defeated Xia Jie's main force in one fell swoop.
Shang Tang carried forward the style of quick victory and continuous fighting, pursued the victory and destroyed the three forks. At the end of the road, Xia Jie led a few remnants to the South Nest (south of Shouxian County, Anhui Province), was caught by the Shang army, exiled here, and soon died here, and the Xia Dynasty was declared dead.
Shang Tang returned to Xibo (Yanshi West, Luoyang, Henan Province) and held a meeting of "The Life of Jingbo" attended by many governors, which won the support of 3,000 governors and achieved the status of governors in the world. In this way, on the ruins of Xia Dynasty, a new powerful ruling dynasty was established, which was also the second slavery dynasty in China history-Shang Dynasty.
Third, follow-up
Both Xia Hou and Shang Tang wanted to make their capital Xia Doudu, but in order to further consolidate their political power, they kept the Xia Society and concentrated all the important officials of the Xia Dynasty in Xia Doudu (now Erlitou site of Yanshi, Luoyang, Henan Province), and kept a strict guard to prevent the Xia people from having an accident.
Near the old capital, the fourteenth ancestor of Shang Dynasty established its capital near Xiadu, also known as "Bo", and later called Xibo (Yanshi West, Henan). Shangshu Tang Shi said: "Since the Tang Dynasty won the summer, it was impossible not to move its club, so it was called" ". In other words, Tang Cheng originally wanted to move the trading company to the lower club. In order to consolidate the rule and resettle the Xia adherents, the Xia Society was retained and a new capital was established.
Fourth, the impact
The Shang Dynasty destroyed Xia Hou and became the main ruler of the Yellow River basin, and its influence developed rapidly, especially in the early stage, with good political situation, relatively stable society and great economic and cultural development. This civilization is marked by the maturity of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and the great progress of bronze smelting technology.