January solar terms are slight cold and severe cold (Xiaohan No.5, Dahan No.2)

"Snow is flying, cold plum is blooming", and this month is the period with the shortest sunshine, lowest temperature and changeable weather in Henan, Shandong, Hebei, Anhui, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Jiangsu. However, this month is the key period for seedling raising of eggplant vegetables such as pepper, eggplant, cucumber, watermelon, tomato, etc. in the greenhouse in early spring, and it is also the key period for the management of a large number of overwintering vegetables. This month's vegetable field farming mainly has the following points:

1. Strictly cultivate strong seedlings of eggplant fruits, and "half the harvest in Miao Zhuang", and strong seedlings are the basis for high quality and high yield. Tomato, pepper and eggplant cultivated in multi-layer mulching in greenhouse were raised in November-December last year, and now they have gradually entered the seedling stage. Tomato varieties planted in Henan mainly include "Fendu Liren No.2", "Fendu Jinguanwang", "Jinpeng No.1" and "Fendu 78". At this stage, it should be noted that the night temperature should not be too low, generally not lower than 12℃, otherwise the long-term low night temperature will affect the flower bud differentiation of tomato; Pepper varieties include "Moxiu Dajiao", "Jinfu 6" and "Jinfu Zaojiao". Eggplants include "Jinfu Early Green Eggplant" and "Puwei Purple Eggplant". Temperature management in this period is very important, which directly affects the quality and yield of fruits in the future. At the same time, we should do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases at seedling stage.

2. In early spring, cucumber seedlings began to grow in greenhouses and greenhouses, and grafting was generally adopted. Cucumber varieties with low temperature and weak light tolerance, early maturity and good melon strips should be selected, such as Hanyu 6, Shengfeng 9, Yuyi Heiyou, Jinlv 11, Golden Century and Yuchun 21. Rootstocks cultivated by grafting and seedling raising are recommended to be "black-seeded pumpkin" or "bright-seeded pumpkin rootstock", which can be grafted and seedling raised from January to early February, with a calendar seedling age of 5-6 days, and planted in a multi-layer covered greenhouse in late February or in a single-layer greenhouse in mid-March. The temperature is low in this period, so how to raise the temperature and keep the temperature well is the key to the success of seedling raising.

3. Cauliflower and cabbage cultivated in the arch shed in early spring can be raised in the greenhouse in the middle and late January. The varieties of cauliflower are "Treasure", "Chunyu", "Xueyou" and "Puweixue Yuanbao", and the varieties of cabbage are "Yuyi Lvxiu" and "Puweilaibao". Remember that the night temperature of cabbage should not be lower than 13℃ for a long time to avoid spring bolting.

4. Crops such as tomatoes, peppers, zucchini, celery, etc., which are covered with three layers (three films and one film) in greenhouses and greenhouses in late autumn, have entered the late growth stage, and should be harvested in time according to the market conditions, and the stubble should be prepared for planting the next crop of vegetables.

5. Watermelons covered with three films and one barnyard grass in the greenhouse began to grow seedlings. Varieties with strong low temperature tolerance and weak light tolerance should be selected. In pursuit of early maturity and early benefit, you can choose early maturity varieties such as Yuxing No.7, Guoyu No.2, Yuyi Zaohuaxiang, or high-quality gift melon "Pocket Hongbao". In pursuit of big fruit and high yield, big fruit varieties such as Yuxing No.3, Guoyu No.2, Nongkang No.2 and Huazhixiu can be selected. Seedless watermelon can be selected from "Yuyi Sweet", "Zaoshu Yuyi 926" and "Jackfruit". At this time, the key factor affecting watermelon seedling raising is still temperature, and a certain temperature difference between day and night should be maintained to facilitate the cultivation of strong seedlings and the differentiation of flower buds. Grafting cultivation can choose Yuyi Super Gold Rootstock, V9 rootstock, etc. with low temperature tolerance and good resistance.

6. This period is the key period for the management of vegetables after a long winter. Pay attention to the weather forecast to prevent strong cold weather. If necessary, it is necessary to temporarily heat up, scrub the shed film frequently and clear the snow. In principle, vegetables in the greenhouse can't be flooded in this period to prevent the ground temperature from dropping greatly.

7. The weather in January is mostly low temperature and scanty sunlight, so the sunlight greenhouse can be ventilated and dehumidified for a short time at noon. It is recommended to use dust agents and smoke agents to control pests and diseases, and try not to use spraying methods to reduce the humidity in the greenhouse.

I hope I can help you!