The puppy suddenly left his mother, his brothers and sisters, and his familiar smell. His heart is bound to panic and he has to find a new "backer". At this time, you have to shoulder the responsibility carefully and carefully. When you touch a dog for the first time, you should first hold it tightly. First, protect the dog's chest with one hand at the position where the thumb, forefinger and middle finger are separated, and then clamp the two front legs with the thumb and forefinger, forefinger and middle finger respectively. Hold its hind legs and hips with the other hand, hold its arm, let the puppy stick to you, let it quickly get familiar with your smell and feel your temperature, and you will be its owner from now on.
Remember never to mention the hair on a dog's ears, tail or even back. If the dog is unstable, you can rub its neck and chin with your index finger. Put one of your old clothes in the nest, because the old clothes have your taste and can make it feel that you are around.
If the dog is directly brought back from the dog's mother, you can put an alarm clock in the nest, and the sound of "tick" is like the mother's heartbeat, so that the poor guy who just left his mother will not be too sad.
Don't let him drink too much water at night, eat a meal before going to bed and clean up his urine, so that he can sleep longer and won't get up too early. In the first day or two, the puppy always cries at night because it is not used to it. You can stop it quietly at this time, and don't frighten it too loudly. Don't hug it just because it cries, it's easy to develop its dependence. The habit of coquetry. In order to prevent it from crying at night, you can also cover the cage or kennel with a big towel or newspaper. If you cry like this, there will be an echo, and you can calm it down slowly.
Puppies may be listless, have a bad appetite and have no excrement in the first two or three days. Don't worry too much, this is a normal adaptation process. You can feed it with water or nutrition and let it rest more. If it is more than three days, you'd better see a doctor. Find a veterinarian who is close to home, has good medical skills and good medical ethics, and consult a doctor at any time. Fix a doctor as much as possible, let him know all about the puppy, and the puppy will cooperate.
Puppies are very, very fragile little creatures. It seems that simple diarrhea, cold and vomiting will kill them. Because I didn't eat my mother's milk, my original resistance gradually subsided, and I was still young and couldn't get a vaccine. During this period, dogs should be on red alert, so I must specifically put forward the taboo of raising new puppies.
First, don't make the puppy too tired. When the puppy first enters the door, the whole family will feel excited and loved and tease it. Of course, this will make him happy, increase his sense of belonging, enhance his friendship with his master and reduce the panic caused by environmental changes. Excessive hot play will make puppies tired and difficult to support. Therefore, after playing for a while, the puppy should be given more rest to recover.
Second, it is best to give it less contact with strangers within 2 weeks, and don't take it to crowded places, which will scare it.
Third, don't disturb the puppy when it is sleeping. Like a baby, you need enough sleep. Don't frighten it when it is asleep.
Fourth, when the puppy is eating, don't disturb it and don't lead it to run and jump. Just like a child, he needs a rest when he is full.
5. Don't give snacks indiscriminately, otherwise it will easily affect the normal appetite of puppies, leading to gastrointestinal discomfort and vomiting or diarrhea.
6. When catching a dog, first grab the dog's neck with one hand and lift it, and then hold its abdomen with the other hand. Don't just scratch the skin at the back of its neck like a cat. When holding a dog, you can put one hand on the dog's chest, and hold its hind legs and tail with the other hand or arm, so that it can feel safe. Don't just grab the puppy's front legs, because the puppy's bones and muscles are not well developed, and it is easy to break and get injured.
Seven, don't put the puppy on a high place, even for a moment. Because most dogs are afraid of heights, a slight fall will cause concussion or fracture.
8. Don't intimidate the puppy with sudden noise, which will make it timid and lose confidence in the new environment.
Nine, don't cheat the puppy, don't think it doesn't matter to play tricks on it, this is a big taboo for raising a puppy. Because doing so will confuse the dog with right and wrong, and he will have no confidence in you in the future. When training dogs, the tone should be positive, and praise and criticism should be clear.
After keeping a dog for a period of time, the dog adapts to the new environment and lives independently, and our work will be formal. The following are some experiences from the experience of many pet lovers and professionals, hoping to help you:
First of all, take time to feed and play the dog every day, so as to endure the inconvenience (smell, hair loss, barking, etc.). ) the dog brought it and paid for it (the annual vaccination to repel insects, the dog's food expenses, and the cost of going to the hospital when sick).
First, the dog's food:
The best food for dogs is dog food. If you can't give it dog food but eat home-cooked food, you should pay attention to collocation to ensure a balanced nutrition. Animal viscera (note: don't feed pig liver for a long time, it will be poisoned), meat, corn flour, fish (note: fishbone may get stuck, it is best to pick it out), carrots, etc. , can be dog food, and can be cooked with less salt. In addition, when feeding the puppy dog food, mix a little warm water.
Feeding time:
Birth-12 weeks: 4-5 times/day; 12 weeks -4 months: feed 3-4 times a day; 4 months-one year old: feed twice a day; After one year: feeding 1 time/day.
If you feed puppies, you should also pay attention to: the puppy's hunger control ability is poor, and it should be fed according to the feeding amount on the dog food manual to prevent gastrointestinal diseases caused by overeating.
Second, the nutritional composition of dogs
Dogs are omnivores, and people want to eat everything, but their nature is mainly meat. Therefore, it is ideal to feed puppies with food containing animal protein, especially at the appropriate development stage. Every kilogram should be supplemented with about 8-9 grams of protein.
There are many ways to eat animal protein, such as beef, fish, chicken, eggs, beef liver or chicken liver, milk and so on. But on the whole, fish is the most abundant place to return to protein, so try to feed as many puppies as possible.
The nutrient next to protein is fat, and puppies need twice as much as adult dogs. Meat and dairy products are still indispensable sources of fat for puppies' growth, but it is safer to note that fish is boiled in water.
Vitamins are an important factor affecting the physical strength and metabolism of dogs. Healthy dogs can synthesize vitamin C in the body, but other foods containing vitamins A, B 1, B2, B6 and D need to be supplemented by their owners. Therefore, when arranging three meals for dogs, the menu should include such food. Mixed beef liver, chicken liver, eggs, dairy products, etc. In its food. The problem is that dogs may not like to eat these foods, so at first, mix some foods that they usually like to eat for dogs to eat, so as not to cause shadow-raising deviation or vitamin deficiency.
Third, the reasonable nutritional ratio of dog food
Puppy: 35% meat, 33% grain.
Adult dogs: meat 28%, cereal 40%.
Fruit and vegetable 30% additive 2% additive 2% fruit and vegetable 30%
4. Food that dogs should not feed.
Dogs will be greedy when they see their families eating big fish, big meat and delicious snacks at the dinner table, but for their own health, they should refuse to beg for food except dinner. The following foods should be well collected:
1. Fish and milk just taken out of the refrigerator (easy to cause diarrhea)
2, squid, octopus, shellfish, shrimp, crab and other seafood (not easy to digest)
3, chicken bones and fish bones are sharp and hard, easy to stab the mouth and digestive organs, can not be fed. (sometimes leads to intestinal bleeding)
4. Dessert preserves (this will be the main cause of tooth decay and obesity)
5. Irritating spices such as ginger, curry powder and pepper are too irritating to the stomach.
6. Foods with high salt content.
7. Indigestible foods, such as mushrooms and freshly ground foods, may cause diarrhea or vomiting.
8. Onion is toxic to dissolving red blood cells, and it is easy to cause hematuria or anemia after eating.
9. Chocolate may also produce toxic substances and cause symptoms such as urinary incontinence, spasm and epilepsy.
10, some dogs have diarrhea when they drink milk. In this case, you can feed the dog yogurt.
1 1, puppies should not be fed sausages, sausages, mullet and other foods containing preservatives and pigments.
Five, the new dog feeding precautions:
1. For newly purchased puppies, it is best to inject serum or immunoglobulin immediately to strengthen the system.
2. Don't bathe the dog immediately. Give the dog a bath in a few days, on the premise of adapting to the new environment and eating and excreting normally.
3. When you get home, you should control the dog's food intake, which is lower than the normal food intake, and gradually increase to the normal food intake within a few days.
If there is anything suspicious about the puppy you just bought, please call the doctor immediately and take your dog to the animal hospital as soon as possible if necessary to avoid irreparable consequences.
Sixth, the dog's immunity
Vaccinating dogs is the best way to prevent dogs and their owners from suffering from rabies and other malignant diseases, and extermination of dogs is also very important for the healthy growth of dogs. A few days after the dog is bought back, if the food and excretion are normal, it should be immunized and destroyed as soon as possible. Recommend Intel and consult vaccines.
General situation of various vaccines in China.
At present, the big vaccines commonly used by small animals in China are divided into domestic vaccines and imported vaccines. Among the domestic vaccines, only a few brands of vaccines are regular products that have been tested and recognized by relevant veterinarians and veterinary departments. Among them, the "Black & Decker" canine pentavaccine developed by Xia researcher of Quartermaster University is very popular among users. Domestic dog vaccines include seven vaccines, five vaccines and single vaccines.
The quality of imported dog vaccine is better than that of domestic vaccine. Among them, Dutch Interway vaccine, American Fudao vaccine and American Pfizer vaccine have relatively good quality and good clinical effect.
Imported vaccines are mainly six vaccines and rabies vaccine. Mainly prevent canine distemper, canine parvovirus disease, leptospirosis, infectious hepatitis, bronchitis, parainfluenza, rabies, etc.
From the clinical observation of small animals for many years, the clinical effect of imported canine six-vaccine is better than that of domestic five-vaccine in terms of dog protection after vaccine injection.
The protection of domestic pentavaccine against canine parvovirus is not lower than that of imported products, but the disease resistance of imported hexavaccine is still good.
In China, according to the regulations of raising dogs, rabies vaccine should be vaccinated. Vaccination against rabies is not only good for dogs, but also good for the health of dog owners. It is worth noting that it is best to choose a single vaccine for rabies vaccination to ensure the clinical effect.
Puppies can be vaccinated after 50 days. If you choose to import six vaccines, inject them three times in a row, with an interval of 4 weeks or 1 month; Puppies that have reached the age of 3 months (including adult dogs) can be vaccinated twice in a row, with an interval of 4 weeks or 1 month; Thereafter, 1 strain imported hexavaccine was inoculated every year.
If the domestic five-vaccine is selected, the vaccine will be injected three times in a row from the day of weaning (the average weaning of puppies is 45 days), with an interval of 2 weeks each time; Thereafter, domestic pentavaccine/kloc-0 was inoculated every six months.
Dogs over 3 months old should be vaccinated with rabies vaccine 1 time every year.
2) Precautions for puppies before vaccination
Puppies who have reached the vaccination age must have a physical examination before vaccination, because only healthy puppies can be vaccinated.
Good health means that the puppy's nose is wet and cold, and its body temperature, breathing and heart function are normal in a non-disease state. Clinically, there are no symptoms such as elevated body temperature, cough, sneezing, vomiting, diarrhea, pyuria, dry nose, thick foot pads, etc. Otherwise, in an unhealthy state, puppies may be in the incubation period of infectious diseases, and vaccination will cause disease.
When puppies are in a new environment, such as taking a car (especially in summer) or coming to a veterinary hospital with a complex smell, their body temperature will rise slightly because of nervousness. 5min Generally speaking, the temperature of a puppy is around 38.5℃. Before coming to the animal hospital for vaccination, take the dog's temperature at home and put the thermometer on the inside of the leg for 5 minutes, so as to know the true value of the dog's temperature, which can avoid the veterinarian's disapproval of vaccination after taking the bus to the animal hospital because the temperature exceeds 39.0℃.
Some experienced dog owners, because they have the experience of puppies dying from infectious diseases, should first inject their puppies with canine five-linked serum, canine two-linked serum (canine distemper+canine parvovirus antibody) or canine distemper serum and canine parvovirus monoclonal antibody, and then vaccinate them three weeks later. This is desirable, but it should be noted that vaccination (antigen) should be about 20 days after injection of serum (antibody). Otherwise, if the interval is too short, the antigen (vaccine) and antibody (serum) will react and the vaccine will be invalid.
3) The reaction of dogs after vaccination
Under normal circumstances, after vaccination, the dog's body will not change greatly. Individual dogs will temporarily be unwilling to move and have poor appetite the next day after vaccination, and will soon return to normal. If a dog has a rash or even feels weak within 10 ~ 20min after vaccination, it is allergic and should be rescued by a veterinarian immediately.
There are few adverse reactions in clinical use of imported canine six-vaccine. To be on the safe side, the owner of the puppy should stay in the animal hospital for 10min after vaccination, and then leave the animal hospital after there is no abnormal phenomenon.
Remind the owner of the dog not to put the dog on the ground when vaccinating the puppy to the animal hospital. It is best for the owner to hold the puppy or put it on a sterilized diagnostic table for physical examination to prevent contact with infection.
If the dog has an infectious disease about 7 days after vaccination, it may be that the puppy was in the incubation period of infectious disease at the time of vaccination, or was infected with the disease during this period, and should receive corresponding treatment immediately.
Do not bathe puppies within 1 week after vaccination to avoid respiratory diseases and immune failure.
Five, insect repellent
Including in vivo and in vitro deworming. Insecticides with good reputation in the market, such as Du Chong Wan (in vivo) and Fu Lai En (in vitro), are relatively expensive, and the unit price is around 50 yuan, so it is recommended that you use basic drugs to repel insects for dogs.
There are all kinds of in vitro insecticides for sale in pet hospitals, but most doctors will recommend low-priced drugs, mostly 30 to 50 yuan, and the quantity is very small.
Once you find bugs such as lice and fleas on your dog, you must take immediate measures. Here, I suggest you use "Chulailing", give the dog a medicated bath after dilution, and wash it again every five days or so, with the purpose of killing eggs and newborn lice, and use sulfur soap as a detergent, because sulfur soap can also kill fleas and lice.
Pay attention to details:
1. Soak the whole body of the dog with diluted liquid medicine, keep it for a period of time, then apply sulfur soap, and keep it for a period of time before washing to ensure lice poisoning.
2. Blow dry the dog immediately after the medicated bath to prevent the dog from licking its hair.
3. Bathe the dog and wear as little clothes as possible, because lice will string on people's clothes.
No drug can kill parasites in dogs at one time. Be patient and pay attention to your protection. The environment at home should be sprayed with diluted drugs, especially in dog kennels and activity places.
The medicine "Bugeling" I recommended to you is cheap, 5 yuan/box (5 tablets), and it is a low-toxic product, which my cat uses to kill lice.
Puppies will have diarrhea when they are 2 ~ 3 months old, commonly known as "turning over the intestines". This has nothing to do with "eating salty" in folklore, but parasitic enteritis. Usually caused by roundworms, hookworms, tapeworms and coccidia. Due to the small intestinal cavity of puppies, there are relatively many parasites such as roundworms. Large individuals cause diarrhea in puppies. Thin, serious and even spit bugs. Eggs can be found in feces. Individual puppies can cause intussusception or proctoptosis.
Using insect repellent can drive away parasites in dogs. Albendazole and levamisole are commonly taken orally, every 5 kg 1 tablet, once a day 1 time for 3 days, which is effective for ascaris lumbricoides and hookworms. Mebendazole is effective against roundworms, pinworms, hookworms, whipworms and nematodes. Compound mebendazole is made of mebendazole and levamisole hydrochloride. Take two tablets orally, but some dogs have unexplained bloody stool. Praziquantel can be taken orally 10 ~ 20mg/kg body weight to treat tapeworm infection, and taken orally 1 time.
In addition: pregnant dogs had better not take mebendazole or "two tablets". If you drive away parasites in the body, you can also choose to kill pests (ivermectin), 1 subcutaneous injection, the dosage is as prescribed by the doctor. For trichomonas, metronidazole can be selected. Sulfonamides can only prevent coccidiosis infection, and ampicillin hydrochloride can be used to treat coccidiosis.
Sixth, how to judge the health status of dogs?
In the process of raising a dog, we should pay close attention to the dog's health and seek medical advice in time if we find that the little guy is unwell.
1. Observe the diet of pets. Usually, sick animals lose their appetite.
2. Pay attention to whether there is any abnormality in its excretion, including frequency and quality of excrement.
3. You can observe whether the pet's expression and behavior are as lively as usual.
4. Whether the pet's skin color is shiny and whether there is depilation;
5. Pay attention to whether its breathing is unobstructed and whether it is difficult to breathe;
6. Check the pet's temperature to see if it is normal.
If you suspect that your pet is unwell, the most reliable way to verify it is to take it to the vet for examination. If your pet is really sick, you should spend more time with him. The care of the owner is definitely a shot in the arm for the sick pet.
Seven, dog health
Dogs that are disease-free two months after birth or 10 days after purchase can only take a bath after one week of vaccination. Because dogs have no sweat glands, they should be washed once a week at most in summer, once every two weeks in winter, and preferably once a month. Don't bathe your dog with ordinary detergent and shampoo. Such detergent will destroy the PH value of dog skin and cause damage to it. This special shampoo for dogs not only has no irritation to dogs, but also has certain sterilization and pest control functions. Note: Too many baths or improper use of detergent can cause skin diseases in dogs. Blow dry immediately after bathing.
In addition to bathing, grooming dogs with a dog comb can also remove dust and dirt from their fur and make it more shiny. Dog kennels and sports grounds should be cleaned frequently and disinfected with special disinfectant for pets.
Eight, the dog's small medicine box
(1) surgical emergency supplies
Hydrogen peroxide: If it is a common skin injury, you can use it to clean the wound first.
Yunnan Baiyao: If the dog is bleeding, you should stop the bleeding first and apply powder to the wound. If there is too much bleeding, you can let the dog take some properly.
Anti-inflammatory powder (sulfanilamide crystal): This is a commonly used and effective wound anti-inflammatory drug. It should be noted that it should be wrapped on the wound to prevent the dog from licking.
Purple potion: used during the growth period of wound skin.
Erythromycin Ointment: It can be used in the wound recovery period, and can also be used in dogs with purulent skin diseases.
Special note: If possible, you should also prepare some popsicles. If the dog is unfortunately fractured, a light and elastic popsicle can play a role. Because dogs are injured, but their lively personality can easily aggravate the injury. At this time, parents can use popsicles as splints to temporarily fix the broken limbs. In this way, on the way to the hospital, the blood vessels, nerves, muscles and skin at the fracture site will not be easily damaged again.
(b) gastrointestinal drugs
Multi-enzyme tablets, pepsin tablets and multivitamins: These drugs will be of great help to dogs with indigestion and loss of appetite, and can effectively regulate the gastrointestinal function of dogs.
Gentamicin tablets: Some parents are worried about indigestible vomiting and diarrhea in dogs. This medicine has an important effect on diarrhea in dogs.
Metoclopramide tablets: If the dog vomits, taking Metoclopramide tablets at this time can stop vomiting.
Development treasure: usually give dogs some tonics that can regulate gastrointestinal function, and also prevent dogs from having diarrhea.
In addition: In practice, Mamiai, Quanchangkang, Smecta and other drugs have very good therapeutic effects on intestinal diseases of dogs.
Special note: If your dog has severe vomiting and diarrhea, you should seek medical attention in time to avoid delaying treatment.
(3) Special medication
Chloramphenicol eye drops: an essential drug for eyes, which can treat conjunctivitis and keratitis. Because of its low price, you can wash your eyes without suffering from eye diseases and keep your eyes clean. Especially dogs with big eyes, such as Jingba and myna.
Vitamin e: put some vitamin e in the small medicine box and give it to the dog often, which will make it "stay young forever"
Glycerol suppository: when the dog is constipated, squeezing into the anus is a very effective drug.
Chlorhexidine solution: When a dog is a male, you may find that there is always greenish-gray pus on its foreskin. This is inflammation of the foreskin, and frequent washing with chlorhexidine solution can help him out of trouble.
Phenobarbital: Some dogs have epilepsy, and they have seizures every once in a while. Giving this medicine to the dog before the attack will effectively control the disease.
Special note: With the increase of private cars, the number of people traveling with dogs has increased. At this time, you can prepare some sedatives for dogs with a history of carsickness, such as valium tablets and chlorpromazine. Because taking sedatives will interfere with the dog's heat regulation ability, if it is locked in a high-temperature trunk after taking it, it is very likely that it will suffer from heatstroke and severe death, so it is best to consult the veterinarian about the dosage.
Nutritional cleaning products: dental cleaning stick, dog bite, nail polish or nail polish powder, (don't feed it all the time, there should be time intervals and hormones), trace element nutritional powder, and Meikangbao B vitamin tablets.
Finally, I wish your dog health and bring you and your family a lot of joy!