Cao Cao was born in a bureaucratic family, and his father Cao Song's real name was Xiahou. Later, he became the adopted son of Cao Teng, the servant of Changqiu, so he changed his name to Cao Shi. Cao Cao is both civil and military. Wei Shu said that he "shot birds with his hands, bowed birds and beasts, tasted Nanpi, and shot sixty-three pheasants every day". The reflection said he was "man of great talent". In AD 175, Ju Xiaolian was appointed as a captain of Luoyang. In 177, he was appointed as Qiu Ling, married Bian Shi in 179, and was promoted to Yilang in 180. In A.D. 184, he started to serve as a captain in the war to suppress the Yellow Scarf Army uprising in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was promoted to Jinan for actively suppressing the Yellow Scarf Army. Later, he served as a prefect, a captain and a captain of the standard army in the East County. After Dong Zhuo entered Beijing in A.D. 189, he fled to his hometown of Liu Chen to fight against Dong Zhuo. In A.D. 192, it formally established its own military group "Qingzhou Bing". In A.D. 196, he led an army to Luoyang to meet Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty and moved the capital to Xu. From 200 to 207, after the battle of Guandu and other battles, Yuan Shao and other separatist warlords were defeated and the northern part of China was unified. In December, 13th year of Jian 'an (2008), Battle of Red Cliffs was defeated by Sun Quan and Liu Bei, which laid a tripartite confrontation with China in the history of China. In 2 13, Cao Cao was named "Duke Wei". In 2 15, Zhang Lu army was captured in Hanzhong. In AD 2 16, he was promoted to the rank of "Wang Wei" again, wearing the flag and crown of the son of heaven, and was called a policeman when he went in and out. Nominally, he was a minister of the Han dynasty, but actually he was in power in the ruling and opposition parties, and actually he was an emperor. Cao Cao died on March 15 in 220 AD at the age of 66. In 220 AD, Cao Pi, the eldest son, established the Han and Wei Dynasties, honoring Cao Cao as Wei Wudi. He is the founder of Wei State. He is the author of military works such as A Brief Interpretation of the Art of War by Sun Tzu, and poems such as Good, Watching the Sea, and Returning to Defend. Later generations also compiled Cao Cao Ji.
The evaluation of Cao Cao in the history books is: "the most brilliant", "a strange man, a peerless talent", "a capable minister of governing the country, a traitor in troubled times" and "a hero in the world by writing poems horizontally." The famous "Let the County Know the Book" was written in the fifteenth year of Jian 'an (2 10), and every word was aboveboard and sincere. Cao Cao said emotionally: "Let there be no orphans in the world. I don't know how many people are emperors and how many people are kings. " That's true.
In the long historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, there is an obvious way to belittle Cao. However, later scholars thought that this was a deliberate distortion of the facts and did not correctly evaluate Cao Cao. Cao Cao is talented and versatile, and his tactics and tactics are flexible and changeable in the military. He made great contributions to the unification of northern China, the recovery of economic production and the maintenance of social order in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. In terms of internal affairs, Cao Cao established a system of reclaiming farmland and ordered soldiers who didn't need to fight to go to the fields to farm, thus alleviating the food problem during the war in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.
Cao Cao's poems are greatly influenced by Yuefu, and all the existing poems are Yuefu songs. Although these poems follow the old theme of Yuefu, they do not follow the poems of the ancients, and are not bound by other ways. Instead, they inherit the spirit of "feeling sadness and joy, born of things". For example, Lu Luxing and Good Li Xing were originally elegies, but Cao Cao used them to mourn the troubled times. "Out of the East Gate" was originally a song lamenting the impermanence of life and the need to eat, drink and be merry in time, but Cao Cao used it to express his ambition to dominate the world and the magnificent scenery he saw when he returned from the Northern Expedition. It can be seen that Cao Cao's innovative folk songs opened up a new style of Jian 'an literature and influenced Du Fu, Bai Juyi and others later.
There are three contents in Cao Cao's poems: reflecting the reality of unrest in the late Han Dynasty, unifying the ideal of the world and the indomitable spirit, and expressing unforgettable negative emotions.
In the chaos at the end of the Han Dynasty, Cao Cao had a wide range of social contacts. Therefore, he has many personal experiences and understandings. For example, Hao describes the tragic scene of the war at the end of the Han Dynasty. When he saw the sufferings of the people, he also saw the sympathy of the poet when he was hurt. Therefore, later generations called Cao Cao Yuefu "a true record of the late Han Dynasty, an authentic poem".
Cao Cao was born in an official's family and had ambitions for the world, so he had unified ambitions. In the short Song Dynasty, there was a saying that "the Duke of Zhou vomited food, and the world returned to the heart". Its enterprising spirit can also be seen. For example, in "Although the tortoise lives a long life", it is said that he will not give up his ambition even in his later years.
A generation of heroes, who have enjoyed the scenery for a lifetime, also died when the stars fell. Cao Cao also felt helpless about this, and he could only make a poem and sigh. For example, in short songs, the sadness of "morning dew, how painful it is to go to Japan", Hu Xing's low mood in autumn, and Shang Mosang's works of wandering immortals can all see his negative emotions.
Cao Cao's poetic form is very innovative. He is particularly good at writing five-character and four-character styles. Hao was originally a miscellaneous word, but Cao Cao rewritten it into five words, which was very successful. Four-character poems have declined since The Book of Songs, and there are not many excellent works, but Cao Cao inherited the national style and the tradition of Xiaoya, reflecting reality and expressing emotions. For example, "Short Song" and "Out of the Summer Gate" are masterpieces of four-character poems, which make them reborn and glow again. Cao Cao's poems are simple, straightforward, bold, sad, gloomy and vigorous. The colorful words are rare, but vivid as the poem "Watching the Sea": "The autumn wind is bleak, the waves are rough, and the trip to the sun and the moon, if it is outside, the stars are brilliant, if it is outside." A few strokes can show the poet's mind with a vast seascape without retouching.
Cao Cao has twenty-five sons:
Cao Ang was killed by Zhang Xiu when he was young.
In 220 AD, Cao Pi forced Wei Wendi, the Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, to abdicate.
Cao Zhang, whose name is Huang Shuer, is a brave general who once defeated Dai Jun by 50,000. In 225, he was appointed king of this city.
Cao Zhi, who is good at literature, once wrote The Ode to Luoshen. Although he was favored by Cao Cao, he finally failed to compete with his younger brother Cao Pi, and since then he has done nothing politically. In 225 AD, he was made King Chen.
Good morning, Cao Xiong.
Good morning, Cao Shuo.
Cao Chong, a famous child prodigy, once weighed elephants according to the principle of buoyancy.
According to Cao, he was made King of Pengcheng in 232 AD.
In 232 AD, Cao Yu was crowned the Prince of Yan.
In 232 AD, Cao Lin was made King Pei.
In 232 AD, Cao was made King of Zhongshan. When he was seriously ill, Wei Mingdi and Cao Rui took good care of him. After his death, he got a grand burial.
Cao Da 2 1 1 Feng Xixiang Hou.
Cao Jun was named Chen Liuwang in 232 AD.
Good morning, Cao.
In 232 AD, Cao Gan was made king of Zhao.
Good morning, Cao Shang.
In 232 AD, Cao Biao was made King of Chu. In 25 1 year, he rebelled against ling with him and was sentenced to death.
Good morning, Cao Qin.
Good morning, Cao Cheng.
Cao Zheng was sealed in 2 17 AD.
Good morning, Cao Jing.
In AD 2 17, Cao Jun was named Fan Hou.
Good morning, Cao Ji.
In 232 AD, Cao Hui was made King of Dongping.
Cao Mao has been at odds with Cao Cao and Cao Pi. In 232 AD, he was named King Dongping.
References:
Cao Cao Ji was written by Cao Cao, edited by Zhonghua Book Company, 1959.