Cultivation and management techniques of mango;
It is advisable to choose loose and fertile soil for planting mango, cultivate soil and water it after planting, apply fertilizer reasonably after survival, carry out intertillage weeding, prune it in time at the later stage, and do a good job in tree management and pest control.
1, select the land for garden construction.
Choose a place that is sheltered from the wind and sunny, with open terrain, good ecological environment and little rain. The soil should be loose and fertile, well drained and rich in organic matter. When building orchards, it is best to combine large orchards with traffic and terrain, and small orchards can be divided according to actual conditions or not. After the orchard is built, the land will be reclaimed to remove weeds and sundries in the orchard. The sloping land will be planted with terraces, and the land with smaller slope can be dug.
Step 2 plant
Choose all kinds of saplings with strong adaptability, stress resistance and disease resistance. It is best not to lose the roots of saplings, and the best planting time is rainy weather from July to September, which is beneficial to the survival rate of planting. Dig a big pit before planting, fill in enough base fertilizer, and then plant. When planting, pay attention to the spacing between plants. Generally, the plant spacing is 5m×3m. When planting, you should straighten the saplings, lengthen the roots, and then cultivate the soil. Be practical after raising the soil and water the roots again.
3. Orchard management
Orchard management mainly includes intertillage weeding, topdressing and watering. In order to ensure the survival of seedlings, the soil must be kept moist, watered in time in dry season and drained well in rainy season. In order to make plants grow well and rapidly, increase yield and topdressing, sufficient nitrogen fertilizer should be provided in the early growth stage of young trees, while phosphorus fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer should be mainly applied in the middle crown forming stage. In flowering and fruit-miscellaneous periods, the application of phosphate fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer should be reduced, and more potassium fertilizer, such as trimer potassium dihydrogen phosphate, can increase the yield.
4. Tree management
Tree management is mainly about pruning young trees and adult trees, especially the pruning of young trees, which is very important and related to yield. Young trees can be pruned when they grow to about 1 m, which mainly includes fixing the trunk, cultivating the main branch, cultivating the side branch and increasing the auxiliary branch, so that the plant can form a crown with wide coverage and bear more flowers and fruits. Pruning of adult trees is mainly about pruning branches, cutting off some long branches, weak branches, diseased branches and dense branches to increase the permeability of plants and achieve the goal of high yield.
5, pest control
The common diseases of mango are gummosis and powdery mildew. When planting, choose varieties with strong disease resistance. When planting, weeds and sundries should be removed regularly to reduce germs, prune branches, increase permeability and prevent germs from breeding. When diseases occur, they can be prevented by spraying chemicals. Pests are mainly Bactrocera dorsalis and Cerambycidae, which mainly suck juice or eat leaves, resulting in weak plant growth or yield reduction, and can be controlled by pesticides.