Cordyceps sinensis grows in alpine meadow with an altitude of 3800 meters to 5000 meters, which requires high environment and cannot be planted artificially at present. Therefore, this product is a rare pure natural treasure. In the trend of returning to nature in today's world, Cordyceps sinensis is expensive, so there are some counterfeit and confused products in the market, so we should pay attention to identification.
Identification points are as follows:
I. characteristics. The worm is silkworm-like, 3 ~ 5 cm long and 3 ~ 8 mm in diameter; Appearance yellow brown to khaki, rough, obvious ring pattern. The head is reddish brown and has a daughter seat; Chest and abdomen are dark yellow to yellowish brown, with 3 thoracic segments, 3 pairs of chest and feet, abdominal segments 10, 5 pairs of abdomen and feet, and 4 pairs in the middle. There are 20 ~ 30 links on the surface; Crispy, light yellow section. The daughter seat is slender and cylindrical, slightly twisted, generally longer than the insect body, with gray-brown to brown surface, fine longitudinal wrinkles and slightly enlarged head; The texture is flexible, and the cross section is white and fibrous. The smell is slightly fishy and the taste is slightly bitter.
2. Microscopic identification. The cross section of the insect body is irregular, surrounded by sharp bristles and long villi with different growth lengths. There are a lot of hyphae in the body, and there are cracks between them; The transverse section of the sub-seat is composed of ascomycetes, which are oval to oval, and the lower part is buried in the concave sub-seat. There are many linear ascomycetes in the ascomycetes, and each ascomycete has 2~8 linear ascospores. The center is full of hyphae, and there are cracks between them. In the sterile part, there is no ascocarp at all.
At present, the following kinds of mixed products and counterfeit products are common in the professional market of Chinese herbal medicines:
1. Cordyceps Liangshan: The worm body is short and thick, the surface is brown and black, with numerous ring patterns, rusty fluff, and the base is much longer than the worm body, up to 30 cm, with slender and tortuous branches, and the head of the fruiting body is completely cylindrical or rod-shaped. The foot is not obvious.
2. Ground silkworm: the tuber of the ground silkworm of Labiatae. It is spindle-shaped, slightly curved, and its appearance is pale yellow or gray-black, with only 21 1 1 root scars, which are crisp and white in cross section. Soaking in water is easy to swell, showing obvious nodules.
3. Pupa grass: commonly known as Cordyceps militaris, the insect body is an oval pupa, the head of the pedestal is oval, the top is blunt and round, there is no sterile end, orange yellow or orange red, and the handle is slender and cylindrical.
4. Branched Cordyceps sinensis: This product is yellow-green, with solitary or branched stroma, 5~8 cm long, curved handle, black, longitudinal wrinkles or edges, smooth upper part and fine fluff at the lower end. The head of the fruiting body is short cylindrical and dark brown.
5. Using corn flour, flour, gypsum, etc. to process the mould pseudo-filled Cordyceps sinensis. This kind of fake product is bulky, with yellow-white or brownish-red appearance, smooth and obvious ring pattern, neat section, pale white, heavy weight and sticky teeth for a long time. The fruiting body has no fine longitudinal wrinkles.
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