Main points of administration of Penaeus vannamei
1, the dosage should be appropriate.
The dosage of drugs, that is, the concentration or dosage of drugs, is one of the important factors that directly affect the curative effect. The relationship between dose and curative effect, when the dose concentration is too low, the curative effect can not be achieved. The maximum drug concentration that can produce curative effect is the best concentration or the lowest effective concentration. The drug concentration that exceeds the minimum effective concentration and can produce obvious effects without causing toxic and side effects is called safe concentration. The concentration that exceeds the safe concentration and causes toxic and side effects is called the minimum toxic concentration. The concentration that can cause the death of prawns is called lethal concentration. Among them, the concentration that can cause 50% shrimp death is called semi-lethal concentration. Therefore, the dosage must be controlled well, otherwise the dead shrimp will be faster and the shrimp disease will break out more easily.
2, the course of treatment should be sufficient
The drug will not take effect immediately, nor will it be permanent. Different treatment cycles will have different efficacy. This relationship between time and effect is called prescription relationship.
The course of antibiotics should generally not be less than 5 ~ 7 days. Insufficient course of treatment, like insufficient dose, will lead to drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria through genetic variation. Some protozoa still have the problem of drug resistance variation, which is a common phenomenon in chemotherapy and must be paid attention to. Promoting the use of Chinese herbal medicines to prevent and treat shrimp diseases has many benefits.
3. Remember not to use drugs indiscriminately.
Every aquaculture personnel must know the types of shrimp diseases and the key points of prevention and control, and more importantly, know the medicinal properties and usage of each aquatic drug. At present, aquatic drugs on the market can be described as chaotic. Aquatic pharmaceutical companies and new drugs have mushroomed, which makes many aquaculture personnel dazzled and confused. Coupled with the lack of ability of aquaculture personnel to distinguish the authenticity of drugs, there are frequent incidents of fish and shrimp deaths due to improper use of drugs throughout the country!
Therefore, in the process of breeding, farmers must have a clear understanding of drug sources, anti-counterfeiting labels, national drug approvals, regular source channels and other data to avoid buying fake drugs and misusing drugs.
Safe medication of Penaeus vannamei
Shrimp is sick, so choose the right medicine and use it correctly. No medicine can cure all diseases. If used improperly, it can not only prevent and treat diseases, but may even aggravate them.
Generally speaking, shrimp diseases are divided into three categories:
1, viral diseases. The incidence of this disease is high, and it is difficult to cure the virus. Prevention and treatment should be combined. When buying seedlings, we should screen virus-free shrimp seedlings to reduce or even change the water exchange rate. Microbial control agents should be used effectively to reduce the chance of virus invasion. At the beginning of the disease, in addition to disinfecting the water, "bile acid" and "VC" should be added to enhance the resistance of shrimp. 0.05%-0.08% enrofloxacin can also be added to the bait for continuous feeding for 4-5 days.
2. Bacterial shrimp disease. Antibacterials should be used for oral and external disinfection. The oral medicine can be continuously fed with bait made of 0.05%-0.5% oxytetracycline for 5 days, and the external medicine can be disinfected with chlorine dioxide or bleaching powder.
3. Parasitic diseases. Then the whole beetle pond will be disinfected. When choosing drugs, we should pay attention to the long-term use of the same drug to prevent and treat a certain disease or a certain kind of disease, so as not to make pathogens resistant, which will lead to the decline or even ineffectiveness of drugs. At the same time, we should pay attention to the reliability and safety of drugs, and pay attention to the effective components of each drug, its use method and safe concentration when using drugs.
Generally speaking, the efficacy decreases with the increase of salinity and increases with the increase of temperature. Generally, with the temperature increasing by 10℃, the drug effect can be improved by about 1 times, especially the effect of spraying drugs in the whole pool is more closely related to dissolved oxygen in the water temperature. Generally, the medicine should be taken in a sunny afternoon, when the effect is fast, strong and less.
You can't use drugs because of illness, and you should have a global concept in farming.
The prevention and treatment of diseases of Penaeus vannamei is very complicated, so we must adhere to the principle of "prevention first, combination of prevention and treatment". From the beginning of pond cleaning to the whole breeding process, the occurrence of diseases can be effectively prevented by applying modifiers and disinfectants regularly, feeding high-quality feed reasonably and reducing the density of ponds after fishing and listing. At the same time, the following measures should be taken:
1. Start the aerator in time and put it into operation. Increase dissolved oxygen in water to prevent Penaeus vannamei from floating.
2. The stress ability of Penaeus vannamei is poor and it is easy to cause diseases. Therefore, anti-stress drugs should be sprayed in the pond in time to enhance the immunity and disease resistance of Penaeus vannamei.
3. Use biological agents and matrix improvers to improve the water quality environment of ponds, keep the balance of algae and bacteria, and conduct regular water quality testing to keep the water quality in good condition.
4. Protect the liver and intestines and improve immunity. Liver is an important immune organ of Penaeus vannamei. Longchang bile acid is added in daily feeding to protect the hepatopancreas of Penaeus vannamei and prevent enteritis, stealing death and white feces of Penaeus vannamei.
5, found that the sick shrimp, dead shrimp timely salvage, from external observation to internal anatomy to find out the cause, at the same time, the right medicine, to avoid further infection of the disease.
Shrimp disease is like a mountain, and any medicine may not get the desired effect. Therefore, the aquaculture personnel should start with the usual hand and management, keep the water body stable, improve the immunity of prawns, put an end to the invasion of pathogens and improve the benefits of prawn farming.
Shrimp farming needs to reduce the use of drugs, but it often fails to meet expectations. Shrimp is sick, so we must use drugs to reduce the loss. Therefore, in order to raise shrimp well, besides selecting seedlings, the most important thing is to use good medicine and good medicine. Only by truly understanding the pathology of shrimp and mastering pharmacology can we find a bright way in the future shrimp culture.