Alias: Nengxiao, Clematis with iron feet, Lingxian, Clematis with black feet, and Heigu.
Source: Medicinal materials: roots and rhizomes of Ranunculaceae clematis, Clematis gossypii, Clematis Polygonatum, Clematis pubescens and Clematis stylosa.
Ecological environment of habitat division:
1. Born on slopes, valley bushes and roadside grass at an altitude of 80-150m.
2. Born on dry hillside, hillside grassland or fixed dune.
3. Born in hillside bushes, under miscellaneous trees or on forest margins.
4. Born at an altitude of 250-1850m, in sparse forests on hillsides, roadside bushes or valleys and streams.
5. Born in mountains, valleys, thickets by streams and forest sides at an altitude of 100- 1800 meters. ..
Resource allocation:
1. is distributed in southwestern Shaanxi, southern Jiangsu, southern Anhui Huaihe River, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan Province, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou and southern Yunnan.
2. Distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, eastern Gansu, Shandong and central and southern regions.
3. Distributed in Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi and other places.
4. Distributed in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan Province, southern Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan.
5. Distributed in southwestern Shaanxi, southern Gansu, Yixing, Jiangsu, southern Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan Province, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou and southeastern Yunnan.
Meridian tropism:
1. Materia Medica: "Entering the Sun Sutra."
2. "Materia Medica Seeking Truth": "Specializing in bladder meridian, but also treating intestines, stomach and other meridians."
3. "Herbal rejuvenation": "Into the lungs and kidneys."
Sexual taste:
Pungent, salty, warm and toxic.
1. Kaibao Materia Medica: "Bitter, warm and nontoxic."
2. Pearl capsule: "Gan."
3. Outline: "The taste is slightly spicy and salty."
4. "Ben Feng Jingyuan": "Bitter and bitter, warm in nature, slightly toxic."
Characters:
The rhizome is columnar, with a length of 1.5 ~ 10 cm and a diameter of 0.3 ~ 1.5 cm. The surface is light brown; Top residual stem base; Tough texture and fibrous section; A lot of thin root cutting is on the lower side. The root is slender and cylindrical, slightly curved, 7 ~ 15 cm long and 0. 1 ~ 0.3 cm in diameter; The surface is dark brown, with thin longitudinal stripes, and some skin parts fall off, exposing yellow-white wooden parts; Hard and brittle, easy to break, wide skin, light yellow wood, slightly square, there are often cracks between skin and wood. A slight breath, a faint taste.
Clematis cottonkinensis: The rhizome is short columnar, with a length of 1 ~ 4 cm and a diameter of 0.5 ~ 1 cm. Roots are 4 ~ 20cm long and 0.1~ 0.2cm in diameter. The surface is brownish black; The wood part is round. It tastes salty.
Clematis mandshurica: The rhizome is columnar, with a length of1~1cm and a diameter of 0.5 ~ 2.5 cm. Dense roots, 5 ~ 23 cm long and 0. 1 ~ 0.4 cm in diameter; The surface is brownish black; The wood part is almost round. It tastes very spicy.
Pharmacological action:
The influence of 1. on the circulatory system
The 50% infusion (1ml/kg) of Clematis angustifolia (Polygonum hydropiper) can reduce the blood pressure and kidney volume of anesthetized dogs, and the efficacy of the decoction is only half that of the infusion. It has the effect of inhibiting toad heart in vitro first and then promoting it, and its efficacy seems to be about 3 ~ 5 times greater than that of decoction. Its hypotensive effect may be related to inhibiting the heart.
2. Effect on smooth muscle
Clematis angustifolia decoction has obvious exciting effect on isolated intestine of mice, which may be a direct effect on smooth muscle, and has similar effect on isolated intestine of rats and rabbits. It has no obvious effect on mouse uterus in vitro.
3. Antidiuretic effect
Clematis angustifolia preparation has obvious antidiuretic effect on mice, rats and guinea pigs. This effect is roughly equivalent to that of decoction; 0.2 ml of 50% decoction is equivalent to 0. 1 unit of pituitrin, and its action time seems to be longer than pituitrin, which may also be related to the decrease of blood pressure and renal vasoconstriction.
4. Hypoglycemic effect
Clematis chinensis extract can significantly enhance the glucose assimilation of normal rats (that is, urine glucose test is still negative after giving rats a lot of glucose), so it may have hypoglycemic effect.
5. Other functions
The intraperitoneal injection of 0.025g/10g (the minimum lethal dose of1/8) can slightly improve the pain threshold of mice (hot plate method), so it may have analgesic effect. The water extract of 1: 3 has certain inhibitory effect on skin fungi in vitro. Baicalin (Pulsatilla chinensis brain) extracted from Radix Clematidis has antibacterial effect. Another water extract of Radix Clematidis also contains protoanemonin, which may be an antibacterial component.