2 English reference micronomicin [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
3. Instructions for Minocycline 3. 1 Drug Name Minocycline
3.2 English name Micronomicin
3.3 The alias of Nomicin Jr. is Shagamycin; Simimycin; Micronomicin; Sagamikacin; Micromonosporcin; 6N methyl gentamicin; Xiao nuoxin; Sagamicin
3.4 Classification of antibiotics >; Aminoglycosides
3.5 dosage form injection: 60mg (2ml) each; 120mg（2ml）。
3.6 Pharmacological Effects of Micronomine Micronomine is a new aminoglycoside antibiotic produced by Micromonospora Sagamiensis and its mutant strain. Its composition is N(6') methyl gentamicin C1A. The antibacterial mechanism of Micronomicin is to inhibit the protein synthesis of bacteria by acting on ribosomes in bacteria, and destroy the integrity of bacterial cell membrane, resulting in the destruction of bacterial cell membrane and cell death. Micronomicin is characterized by the stability of aminoglycoside acetyltransferase AAC(6') (this enzyme can inactivate kanamycin, amikacin, ribomycin, gentamicin, etc.), and has strong antibacterial activity against drug-resistant bacteria that produce this enzyme. Micronomicin has strong antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Proteus, Serratia, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It also has certain antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus, hemolytic streptococcus, Acinetobacter, Haemophilus, and Colitis Moina.
3.7 Pharmacokinetics of Micronomicin Micronomicin is not absorbed by oral administration, but absorbed quickly after intramuscular injection. After intramuscular injection of micronomicin 1 20mg/time in healthy adults, the plasma concentration reached the peak value of about12 ~13μ g/ml after about 0.5h, and dropped below 1μg/ml after 8h. The plasma concentration of minocycline is related to the dose. After absorption, the drug can be widely distributed in body tissues and body fluids, and can be distributed in sputum, tonsils, conjunctiva, chest cavity, pus, peritoneal effusion, umbilical cord blood and amniotic fluid, but the concentration in bile and cerebrospinal fluid is low; The drug concentration in milk is about 15% of the blood drug concentration. Micronomicin can be metabolized in the body, and it is mainly excreted in urine through the kidney in the form of inactive metabolites. The plasma half-life is about1.85 ~ 2.1h. Healthy adults 1 intramuscular injection 120mg, about 8 hours later, the urine excretion accounted for about 85% of the dosage. In patients with renal insufficiency, the drug excretion time is relatively prolonged.
3.8 The indications of minocycline are suitable for the treatment of respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, abdominal infection and traumatic infection caused by sensitive bacteria, and can also be used for the treatment of septicemia.
3.9 Contraindications of Minomicin 1. Those who are allergic to Minomicin and other aminoglycosides.
2. People who are allergic to bacitracin.
3. 10 Precautions 1. Cross-allergy: People who are allergic to one aminoglycoside may also be allergic to other aminoglycosides.
2. Use with caution: (1) Pregnant and lactating women; (2) Premature infants and newborns; (3) people with high allergic constitution; (4) severe liver disease with renal insufficiency; (5) Myasthenia gravis and paralysis agitans; (6) the elderly and the infirm.
3. A few patients may have urea nitrogen, serum aminotransferase, elevated serum bilirubin, leukopenia, etc.
4. Drink plenty of water during medication.
5. Generally, it is only for intramuscular injection, not for intravenous administration.
3. 1 1 Adverse reaction of minocycline 1. After taking the drug, allergic reaction symptoms such as rash, itching, erythema and fever can be seen, and anaphylactic shock is rare.
2. Occasional ototoxicity such as dizziness, tinnitus and hard of hearing after medication.
3. Occasionally, liver and renal function are damaged after taking the medicine.
4. Long-term application of Micronomicin can cause the over-growth of non-sensitive bacteria and lead to flora imbalance.
5. Intramuscular injection of minocycline can cause pain, redness and induration at the injection site.
3. 12 usage and dosage of minocycline 1. For urinary tract infection: 0. 12g each time, twice a day.
2. Used for other infections: 60mg each time, 2 ~ 3 times a day. The course of medication generally does not exceed 2 weeks.
3. 13 drug interaction 1. The combination of micronomicin and cephalosporin has synergistic antibacterial effect, but it may also increase nephrotoxicity.
2. Micronomicin combined with alkaline drugs (such as sodium bicarbonate, aminophylline, etc.) can enhance antibacterial activity, but it may also increase ear and kidney toxicity accordingly.
3. The combination of minocycline with other ototoxic drugs (such as erythromycin, etc.) may increase ototoxicity.
4. Micronomicin combined with dextran can increase nephrotoxicity.
5. The combination of minocycline and strong diuretics (such as furosemide, itaconic acid, etc.) can increase the ototoxicity and renal toxicity.
6. When minocycline is combined with systemic * * * (such as ether, methofloflurane) or muscle relaxants (such as barrel curare and succinylcholine), the neuromuscular block is strengthened, which can cause respiratory muscle paralysis.
7. When minocycline is combined with antihistamines, antihistamines can cover up the ototoxicity of minocycline.
3. 14 expert comments