Ancient editor

Cai Wenji

[1] Cai Wenji (about 177-about 239), whose original name was Zhao Ji, avoided Si Mazhao's taboo in Jin Dynasty, changed the word Moon Hee, and changed the word mingji, Chen Liuqiu [y incarnation] (now Henan). He is knowledgeable and literate, good at poetry and fu, and good at eloquence and temperament. His representative works include Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia and Poems of Sorrow and Anger. Her father is the famous scholar Cai Yong [y not ng].

Cai Yong, that is, Cai Boxie [Ji], has a lyric of Pipa, which says that after Cai Boxie won the top prize, he refused to marry his wife Zhao Wuniang and the daughter of the Prime Minister, which can be said to be a thick slander against the ancients. Because there was no champion in the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was no such thing as not marrying the prime minister's daughter. In this regard, Lu You in the Southern Song Dynasty once lamented that he said: "Who is in charge behind, listen to Cai Zhonglang every other village."

it is impossible for Cai Yong to win the top prize. (At that time, Han used Ju Xiaolian to select talents, that is, county officials recommended local prestigious people for the emperor to choose and appoint. The number one scholar was unique to the imperial examination, starting from the Sui and Tang Dynasties), but it was a fact that his talent was recognized by the world at that time. During the reign of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, there were many fallacies in his school books, so he revised and wrote them on the stone tablet and stood outside the university. At that time, the young students all corrected the classics on this stone, and they looked at what Mo wrote every day. These stone tablets were damaged in the turmoil and the fire in Luoyang. After more than 1,811 years, farmers in the suburbs of Luoyang dug up several stones with handwriting on them when plowing the fields. It was identified as Cai Yong's calligraphy in those days, which was called "Xiping Shijing" and was treasured in the history museum.

Cai Yong is a great writer and calligrapher, and Liang Wudi called him: "Cai Yong's book is full of vigor and vitality, and it is refreshing as if it were divine power." Fan Wenlan, a contemporary historian, said: "The art of writing in the Han Dynasty reached the highest level when writing stone classics in Cai Yong." His handwriting is put in order but not rigid, quiet and lively. In addition to Jiaping Shijing, it is said that Cao Ebei was also written by him, with natural composition, strong brushwork, and ups and downs of words, without seeking beauty, but with simple and naive interest.

In addition, Cai Yong is also good at astronomy, mathematics and physics, and he is a leader in the literary world in Luoyang. For example, Yang Ci, Yu Can, Ma Yuebei and Cao Cao, who later became the master of a generation, often went to Cai Fu and asked Cai Yong for advice.

Cai Wenji was born in such a family, and he was influenced by his childhood. He is both knowledgeable and good at poetry and prose.

It is natural for him to be eloquent and melodious. It can be said that Cai Wenji had a happy childhood, but it is a pity that the change of the current situation interrupted this happiness.

Cai Wenji married Wei Zhongdao when he was six years old. The Wei family was an aristocratic family in Hedong at that time, and Wei Zhongdao was an excellent university student. The couple loved each other very much. Unfortunately, the good times did not last long. In less than a year, Wei Zhongdao died of hemoptysis. Cai Wenji never gave birth to a son and a half girls, and the Wei family thought she had killed her husband. At that time, Cai Wenji, who was arrogant, resolutely returned to her family despite her father's opposition. After her father died in prison, Moon Hee was snatched away by the Huns. She was only 23 years old this year, and was accepted as a princess by Zuo Xianwang. She lived in South Xiongnu in 2112 and had two sons. During this time, she also learned to play Hu Jia and some foreign languages.

In the 13th year of Jian 'an (2118), Cao Cao remembered his friend Cai Yong's friendship, learned that Moon Hee was living in the southern Xiongnu, and immediately sent Zhou Jin as an envoy, carrying 2,111 gold coins and a pair of white jade to redeem her. She was thirty-five years old this year. Under the arrangement of Cao Cao, she married Dong Si, a captain of Abel Tamata, and the famous "Battle of Red Cliffs" broke out in this year.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the beginning of Cao Wei, it was an era full of blood and tears, grief and pain. Poets patiently collected the blood and tears, grief and pain and brewed a sad song of the times. Cao Cao, Xelloss and Wang Can are all outstanding male singers in this era. In this vigorous, sonorous and sad chorus team of the era, a passionate soprano is particularly eye-catching. She is a female writer who has suffered from war and separation all her life-Cai Wenji.

when Cai Wenji married Dong Si, the couple's life was not very harmonious at first. Cai Wenji suffered from chaos and sadness, and he was often in a trance; While Dong Si was in the prime of her life, she was born with good looks, well-read history, and had a high opinion of herself. She naturally felt a little inadequate about Cai Wenji, but she was forced to accept her at the behest of the Prime Minister. In the second year after her marriage, Dong Si committed a crime and died. She did not care about bad blood and came to Cao Cao's Prime Minister's office to plead. Cao Cao remembered the friendship with Cai Yong in the past, and thought of Cai Wenji's tragic life experience. If Dong Si was executed, it would be difficult for Moon Hee to survive, so he forgave Dong Si.

From then on, Dong Si appreciated his wife's kindness and re-evaluated Cai Wenji. Both husband and wife also saw through the world and lived in the foothills with beautiful scenery and lush trees. A few years later, Cao Cao passed by hunting and once visited. Cai Wenji and Dong Si had a son and a daughter, and the daughter of Cai Wenji married Sima Yi's son, Sima Shi.

Moon Hee married three times in her life, and her fate was bumpy. Ding Kuang described her marriage in "Cai Bo Ai Fu for Women":

The daughter of Yi Da, the daughter of Yi Da, is naturally blessed by God;

in the 28th year of my stay in China, I was blessed with Deng Lin.

The six columns of Ming Dynasty are still outstanding, serving the language of women's history;

only after attending the court's clear training can you be enlightened and understand the clouds.

when there is a beautiful month in March, the time will return to the sky;

drag Dan Luo's light dress and wear Jin Cui's gorgeous twinkle.

I admire the glory and follow it, but I mourn the cold and frost.

it's time to grow old together, and enjoy the rest of your life.

Moon Hee is well-read and talented in music. When she was 6 years old, she heard her father play the piano in the hall, and she could hear the sound of his father snapping the first string through the wall. When his father was surprised, he deliberately broke the fourth string, which was actually pointed out by her. When she grew up, she became a piano superman. She missed her homeland day and night in Alakazam. After returning to Han, referring to the tone of Hu people and combining her own tragic experience, she created a sad and heartbreaking piano music, Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia. After marrying Dong Si, she became sentimental and separated, and wrote Poems of Sorrow and Indignation, which is the first autobiographical five-character narrative poem in the history of China's poetry (of course, some people think it is a forgery).

Dong Si pleads for mercy. The woman who left Dong Si's wife was also the daughter of Cai Yong in the same county, whose name was Yan and the word was Moon Hee. Knowledgeable and eloquent, but also better than temperament. Wei Zhong Road, Shihe East. My husband died childless, so I'd rather be at home. In Xingping, the world was in chaos, and Moon Hee was captured by Hu Qi, not in Zuo Xianwang, a southern Xiongnu. He was in Huzhong for twelve years and gave birth to two sons. Cao Caosu and Yong Shan, who had no heirs, were redeemed by the emissary and remarried to the sacrifice. Sacrificing him as a captain of wasteland, when he breaks the law, he will die. Moon Hee asked Cao Cao to invite him. At that time, the officials and celebrities and the people sitting in the post from afar were full. Cao Cao said to the guests, "Cai Bo's daughter is outside, and now you see her." And Moon Hee entered, and Peng Shou went on a trip, kowtowing and confessing, and the words were clearly argued. The purpose was very sour and sorrowful, and all the people changed their faces. Cao Cao said, "Honesty is a pity, but the document has gone. What can we do?" Moon Hee said, "There are 11,111 horses in the Ming Dynasty, and tigers are in the forest. Why bother riding with a sick foot and dying!" It is the crime of chasing the original sacrifice to feel what he said. When it is cold, give it a headscarf and socks. Cao Cao asked, "I heard that Madam's family had many graves before, but can you still remember them?" Moon Hee said, "In the past, my dead father gave me 4,111 volumes of books, and those who lost their lives and didn't have them, now I recite them and cut more than 411 ears." Cao Cao said, "Now let ten officials write it for your wife." Moon Hee said, "When I hear the difference between a man and a woman, I don't kiss her. Begging for a pen and paper is really grass. " So the book was sent, and the text was unmistakable. After the sentimental separation, he pursued grief and indignation and wrote two chapters of poetry.

According to legend, when Cai Wenji interceded for Dong Si, Cao Cao was deeply grieved to see Cai Wenji's head drooping in the severe winter, and ordered someone to take the headscarf, shoes and socks and put them on for her, so that she could stay in her home until Dong Si returned. In a small talk, Cao Cao expressed his envy of Cai Wenji's original library. When Cai Wenji told him that the 4,111 volumes of books hidden in his original home had all been lost after several wars, Cao Cao showed deep disappointment. When he heard that Cai Wenji could recite 411 articles, he was overjoyed. So Cai Wenji wrote 411 articles from memory, which was completely correct, which shows that Cai Wenji's talent is high. Lonely and fragrant to continue the history of Han dynasty, blood and tears write the spring and autumn period. Cai Wenji's works handed down from generation to generation include "Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia" and "Poems of Sorrow and Indignation", which is called the first autobiographical five-character narrative poem created by literati in the history of Chinese poetry. "The true feelings are poor and natural", which is passionate and sour, and is integrated in Jian 'an's poems.

Li Qingzhao

[2] Li Qingzhao (1184 -1155): Yi Anju, an outstanding female writer in Southern Song Dynasty, was born in Zhangqiu Mingshui (now Jinan, Shandong). He is famous for his Ci poems, works as a portrait of Li Qingzhao, and writes On Ci, which enjoys a high reputation in the history of China literature. Qing Zhao's words and expressions are wonderful, ingenious, unprecedented, and there is no one after him. He is respected as the graceful patriarch and is a monument in the history of Chinese spiritual civilization.

Li Qingzhao is the most talented woman. She was born in a famous family. When she was young, she never forgets anything, speaks amazingly and reads widely. Qilu's magnificent mountains and rivers contain the creative spirituality of Qingzhao, and her girlhood became famous for a while.

After the marriage, Qingzhao and her husband Zhao Mingcheng hit it off as if they were inseparable. "A husband is like a good friend.". However, the good times did not last long, and the struggle between the old and new parties in the DPRK intensified, and a couple of mandarin ducks were separated. Later, the Jin army marched south, and the Southern Song Dynasty was corrupt and incompetent, destroying the Great Wall. Zhao Mingcheng is full of blood, but but before he could conquer, he was dead is a pity. Witnessing the country's ruin and death, Qing Zhao was "unyielding in spite of hardship and poverty". In her later years of "looking for it, being indifferent and miserable", she worked hard to compile the Records of the Stone and completed her husband's unfinished work. Li Qingzhao's ci mostly describes the feelings of thinking about her husband in the boudoir and the ruin of her country. Her ci is full of deep worries, and the sentence "Don't die, the curtain rolls west wind, and people are thinner than yellow flowers" is even more shocking to readers. Li Qingzhao deserves to be one of the four talented women.

Shangguan Waner

[3] Shangguan Waner (664 ~ 711) was a poetess in the Tang Dynasty. Shaanxi County, Shaanxi Province (now Henan) people. Shangguan Yi's granddaughter. The first prime minister, who inherited

the portrait of Shangguan Waner

all the talents of his grandfather, was good at poetry and was extremely talented. After Shangguan Yi was convicted, she was not put into the palace, and Shangguan Waner and her mother Zheng Shitong were given no ceremony. Mother Zheng is the sister of Taichang Shaoqing Zheng Xiuyuan. Under the training of Zheng, Shangguan Waner is familiar with poetry and books, and she is well aware of official affairs. In the second year of Yifeng (677), she was fortunate to be intelligent and able to write poems. When Wu Hou proclaimed himself emperor, he ordered those who had more hands, and called them "housekeepers". When she was fourteen years old, she was enchanting and gorgeous, beautiful and light, with a smile and a self-contained demeanor. In addition, she was born smart and beautiful, and she read it with great literary talent and wrote thousands of words. In the second year of Yifeng, Shangguan Waner was summoned to the palace by Wu Zetian and put forward a proposition on the spot, so that he could write according to the topic. Shangguan Waner's calligraphy is exquisite and elegant, and her calligraphy is like hairpin flowers. Wu Zetian saw the great joy and immediately ordered him to be exempted from his handmaiden status and let him take charge of the imperial edict in the palace. Since then, the imperial edict made by Wu Zetian has been written by Shangguan Waner. The queen repeatedly exclaimed: "This woman is absolutely extraordinary!"

In the first year of Shenlong (715), after Tang Zhongzong's return, he was still trusted by Zhongzong and Wei Hou, specializing in drafting imperial edicts. He also had many contacts with Princess Taiping and had an affair with Wu Sansi. It was suggested that Zhongzong expand the library and add a bachelor's degree to evaluate the world's poems on behalf of the court. He also manipulated politics with Wei Hou, Princess Anle and others, established private parties and accepted bribes. In the fourth year of Jinglong (711 years), Zhongzong collapsed, and Wei Hou wanted to serve Wu Hou and proclaimed himself emperor. Li Longji, the king of Linzi, staged a coup to punish Wei Hou and Princess Anle and establish his father Tang Ruizong. Shangguan Waner greeted the imperial secretary with a candle, and showed Liu Youqiu the testamentary edict she and Princess Taiping had drawn up. Liu Youqiu took the testamentary edict and begged Li Longji for mercy, but Li Longji insisted on killing Shangguan Waner, who was only 46 years old. In the early years of Kaiyuan, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty collected the works of Shangguan Waner and compiled them into 21 volumes, with Zhang said as a preface. "The Whole Tang Poetry" contains 32 poems left by him.

in the stormy times, Wan'er rushed from side to side and became the "uncrowned queen" in the prosperous Tang dynasty. Wisdom, body, aura, talent ... With these magic weapons, Wan'er shuttled between the important officials in the DPRK and wrote a beautiful and sad chapter of life.

Zhuo Wenjun

[4] Linqiong, a native of the Western Han Dynasty (now under the jurisdiction of Chengdu, Sichuan Province), was a talented woman in the Han Dynasty. She was beautiful and talented, good at playing the drums and the family was rich. Zhuo Wenjun was born with beauty < P >, with good looks. She was smart since childhood, knowledgeable and elegant, and endowed with poetry and lyrics. She was also good at temperament and piano skills.

she is the daughter of Zhuo wangsun, who lives at home after her husband's death. Many celebrities proposed to her, but she took a fancy to the poor scholar Sima Xiangru. Sima Xiangru can play the piano and write poems, from which Zhuo Wenjun realized his talent and emotion, and fell in love wholeheartedly. Sima Xiangru's family had nothing, and after Zhuo Wenjun eloped with him, he opened a wine shop and became the shopkeeper himself, while Wen Jun worked as a busboy, so he was not afraid of being laughed at. After Zhuo Wang Sun helped the two because of his face, and they lived a rich life from then on. Later, Sima Xiangru finally became famous. The story of Wen Jun's running at night is popular among the people, and it is based on later novels and operas.

Sima Xiangru's literary talent, Zhuo Wenjun's beauty, when the wine is sold, the old head is filled with resentment, and Nagato is endowed with spirit; The suicide note of closing the Zen temple has been passed down as a long-standing story. There is also the famous "Phoenix Begging for the Phoenix": "Feng Xi Feng Xi returned to his hometown and traveled around the world to ask for his phoenix. When he didn't meet him, he didn't know what to do. Why did he realize that he was promoted to Sishang today?" There is a beautiful girl in this hall, and the people in the room are poisoning my intestines. Why should I be a mandarin duck? " And Zhuo Wenjun's "White-headed Songs": "Today's fighting reception, the head of Mingdan ditch, the ditch water flows east and west. Sad and sorrowful, you don't have to cry when you get married, and you want to be single-minded, and you don't leave each other. Why do bamboo poles curl, fish grow, and men value loyalty? " , and the sad farewell book: "Chunhua Jingfang, five-color Lingsu, the piano is still in the royal, and the new sound is replaced by the old! There are honeymoons in the brocade water, and there is water in the Han Palace, which is new, and people who are embarrassed in the world are ignorant of it! The string of Zhu is broken, the mirror is missing, the morning dew is exposed, the fragrance is resting, the white head is singing, and it is sad to leave. Try to eat more, don't miss the concubine, and make soup with the water, and talk to the gentleman! "

Zhuo Wenjun, a beautiful and intelligent woman, is good at poetry and playing the piano. Alas, at the age of seventeen, she was widowed at her parents' home. One day at dinner, Zhuo Wenjun, who had long admired Sima Xiangru's talents, fell in love at first sight because of Sima Xiangru's passionate and bold confession of a song "Phoenix Begging for the Phoenix". However, their love was strongly blocked by their father. With his longing for love, determination to pursue happiness, and extraordinary courage, Zhuo Wenjun resolutely escaped from Zhuofu in the dark night and eloped with his beloved. I sell wine for a living. Life is hard, but their feelings are getting deeper and deeper. This is also the most romantic story of night running in love stories that have been handed down to this day.

since ancient times, most men have always been disappointing. Sima Xiangru is no exception. When he showed a slight edge in his career and was finally recommended as an official, he lived in Beijing for a long time, enjoying all the beautiful women, and being proud of the officialdom, he even had the intention of abandoning his wife and concubinage. The days when we were in trouble and * * *, and we were deeply in love, have long since been forgotten. I don't remember there is a wife who thinks about her husband day and night thousands of miles away. Wen Jun lived a lonely life, day after day and year after year. A song "White-headed Songs", "... Wen Jun has two opinions, so he came to refuse each other. I hope to win one heart, and the white head will not leave. ..... "Expressed her persistence and yearning for love and a woman's unique firmness and tenacity. It also adds a bit of beautiful sadness to their stories.

Finally, one day, Sima Xiangru sent his wife a 13-character letter: one two three four five six seven eight nine 111 million. Clever Zhuo Wen