Classic book

Give up wisdom and people will benefit a hundred times; Desperate to abandon righteousness, the people are filial; Never give up profits, thieves have nothing. These three, because they feel that literature is not enough, belong to something: simplicity, selfishness and no desire.

Chu bamboo slips

Abandoning wisdom and arguing, the people benefit a hundred times; Never give up profits, thieves have nothing; Never abandon falsehood and worry, the people will restore their season. These three, because they feel that literature is not enough, belong to something: simplicity, selfishness and no desire.

Second, the analysis and summary of each solution.

1, Han Pengjie, "What is the Tao Te Ching?"

Giving up clever calculations and clever words will be of great benefit to the people. Abandon opportunism and utilitarianism, then there will be no thief trip; Only by abandoning hypocrisy and anxiety can people return to the truth like children. Of course, it is not enough to take these three aspects as regulations. Teachers often ask politicians to be honest, reduce selfish desires and be quiet.

After Chapter 19, scholars attacked the Confucian language in the name of Lao Zi, which was a kind of trespass, so they reorganized it according to Chu bamboo slips.

2. Nan's "Old He Zi Theory"

(1) Bad debts bound by "king" and "thief"

From the disproof in this chapter, we can see that Laozi's spirit is not against benevolence and filial piety as later generations said. He just pointed out the social problems at that time, hoping that people at that time would handle them cautiously and guide them to the right path. In fact, the spirit of Laozi and Confucius is the same, but the expression is different.

Lao Tzu was deeply distressed and dissatisfied with that era, so he said, "abandon the Chilean people a hundred times." If people don't show off their intelligence, they will still have a peaceful and quiet life, but they are disturbed by some talented people who flaunt saints and wisdom.

So is benevolence and righteousness. At that time, Confucius not only advocated it, but also integrated the essence of benevolence and righteousness and passed it on to future generations. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, countries fought against each other, attacked cities and plundered land, and all made slogans in the name of benevolence and righteousness. It is equal to some totalitarian regimes, and it also flaunts democracy, freedom and human rights. Their so-called human rights mean that you obey my human rights and do whatever I ask you to do.

So I hate it and advocate "abandoning benevolence and righteousness, and the people are filial." There is no need to use benevolence and righteousness as a propaganda slogan in society. The more we emphasize benevolence and righteousness, the more we cheat and cheat, and there are many problems.

(2) Only heroes can be true.

Moreover, people also need to abandon their proud intelligence-"cleverness" and selfish greed for "profit", so naturally there will be no thieves committing crimes. This is "clever profit, thieves get nothing."

Then, what kind of life ideal can these ideas of abandoning wisdom and sanctity be summarized into? -"simple and simple, selfish and lustless." Social humans can really take this as their attitude towards life, and the world is naturally peaceful. Even individuals have this kind of accomplishment, and life is the greatest happiness. In fact, this is the extraordinary life feeling of the Great Sage.

"Seeing the elements" and "seeing" refer to seeing the ground, and ideas and thoughts refer to seeing; Su is pure and clean.

"Hug Park" and "Park" are uncut original wood with excellent texture. Some books use the word "Pu", but "Pu" and "Pu" are common, and the uncut jade shell is Pu. On the surface, "Pu" and "Pu" are rough and inconspicuous, but in fact, they are of deep quality, and their luster is restrained. Everything is natural and there is no artificial creation. Our hearts and minds should always embrace this primitive and natural simplicity and treat people and things with this attitude.

3. The Way of Laozi by Mr. Baiyun

(1) abandon wisdom and benefit the people a hundred times;

In the book Tao Te Ching, there are mainly two kinds of references to saints. One refers to people who work in heaven and saints who teach without words. The other refers to people without roads and saints who practice false wisdom. The sage in this sentence is the latter. The people benefit a hundred times, so it can be seen that if the rulers do not act rashly, the people will go along with the weather and naturally produce and live, which will only make them richer and happier.

(2) despise benevolence and righteousness, and the people are filial;

Prohibit these artificial social codes of conduct, let the people abandon them, let the people restore their simple nature and love their families. This is the purest affection, not the affection disguised to others.

(3) Never give up profits, thieves have nothing.

When creativity breeds, people are driven out of their families to pursue higher creativity and self-interest. This is an endless matter. In this way, class division will eventually form, and those who fail in the competition can only plot to steal those who win in the competition. Tao Te Ching thinks it is possible, as long as people can give up the pursuit of wisdom and self-interest. How to make people give up chasing? The plan of Tao Te Ching for the king is to abandon those cleverness and selfish interests and let people re-integrate with nature.

(4) These three are not enough.

These three refer to sage wisdom, benevolence and wisdom. Text refers to the text of propriety and righteousness. Confucianism promotes people with courtesy and treats others with courtesy. It is not enough to educate the people only by establishing these three as courtesy and righteousness. Doing so will win the quality of literature and destroy the simple nature of the people. The three things criticized by Laozi are actually respected by Confucianism.

(5) Therefore, the order belongs to it.

Order has the meaning of beauty and goodness. This means being good at Tao. The meaning of belonging, subordination and indivisibility. Therefore, order belongs, so those who are good at Tao should follow heaven.

(6) Simple, selfish and less desire.

A person's nature is not influenced by acquired artificial thoughts, nor is it carved and processed by acquired false ingenuity. See elements and embrace simplicity, return to your natural nature as an element, and stick to it as an element.

Kings don't rely on literature to win quality, they don't leave simplicity. Then people will naturally be naive. If you are simple, you will naturally be selfish. In the debate about quality, quality does not mean barbarism, but simplicity and innocence.

Third, my understanding is-naive and sustainable.

In this chapter, there is another concept that we often mention: "simplicity and simplicity, selfishness and less desire".

Now in the design of agricultural ecosystem, there is a concept called "permanent agriculture". Although the word "Pumen" is transliterated, it means "embracing simplicity" in Tao Te Ching. I don't know if it is coincidence or the translator intends to borrow it.

The core idea of Park Gate's sustainable design is to promote the harmony between man and nature and develop a sustainable living system by imitating nature, and at the same time meet various material and non-material needs of human beings such as food, energy and shelter.

I study environmental protection myself, and now I am engaged in environmental engineering. People who don't know about environmental protection and environmental governance will think that environmental protection and environmental governance can make the environment better, but in fact, environmental protection can only prevent the environment from getting worse, while environmental governance only collects things that people don't need and transports them to another place for disposal. The so-called treatment can't make these pollutants disappear, and substances are immortal. What we can do is to minimize their harm to human beings through transformation, and some may be to quench thirst by drinking poison. Therefore, we don't really protect the environment, but there is only one way to really protect the environment, and that is to return to nature, reduce consumption, reduce processing and manufacturing, and reduce pollution-the so-called "simplicity and sustainability"!