brief introduction
The title of the songs of Chu. "Nine Songs" was originally the name of an ancient song in legend. The Nine Songs in The Songs of Chu was adapted or processed by Qu Yuan, a Chu people, according to folk music songs offering sacrifices to gods during the Warring States Period. There are eleven articles in total: Emperor Taiyi, King in the Cloud, Xiang Jun, Mrs. Xiang, Priestess of Death, Shaosi Ming, Dong Jun, Hebo, Shan Gui, National Mourning and Ritual Soul. A "national mourning", mourning and praising the soldiers who died for Chu; Most of the chapters describe the attachment between immortals, showing deep yearning or no desire and no harm. Wang Yi said that Qu Yuan did it when he was demoted to the south of the Yangtze River. At that time, Qu Yuan was "full of worries and worries", so he created music and songs to worship the gods to express his thoughts and feelings. However, most modern researchers believe that it was made before exile and only used for sacrificial purposes.
The title of the songs of Chu. Regarding its origin, Wang Yi believes that Qu Yuan created it by imitating the folk sacrificial songs of Southern Chu. Zhu believes that Qu Yuan has processed and processed Chu Ci, and "defined Chu Ci" (Notes on Chu Ci). Hu Shi, on the other hand, thinks that Jiuge is an ancient "religious song and dance of Xiangjiang people" and "has nothing to do with Qu Yuan's legend" (reading Chu Ci). Today, people learn more from Zhu.
Based on folk sacrificial songs, Jiuge has many characteristics of folk witchcraft songs in Chu State. "History of Han Geography" says: "Chu believes in witches and ghosts, and is heavy in lewdness." "Lu Chunqiu Chile Yue" also said: "The decline of Chu is also a witch sound." The so-called "witch", that is, the music songs of witches offering sacrifices to gods, is the difference between "Nine Songs" and other poems of Qu Yuan. However, in his works, poems such as "Raise a cloud flag to meet the committee", "Welcome with joy", "My road is like a cave" and idioms such as "Old Ran Ran" and "Always arguing" are in the same strain as Qu Yuan's other poems. Therefore, it should be an integral part of Qu Yuan's poetic art. The picture of "Nine Songs" is written by Li in Song Dynasty and "East Emperor Taiyi" in Yuan Dynasty.
The origin of the name
The name of "Nine Songs" has a long history. In addition to the contents quoted in Shangshu, Zuo Zhuan and Shan Hai Jing, there are some words in Lisao, such as "advocating nine debates and nine songs, Xia Kang entertaining himself", "playing nine songs and dancing lightly, talking about festivals with joy", and in Tian Wen, there are some words such as "advocating guests and arguing nine songs and nine songs". Although the content of "Nine Songs" mentioned in various books has evolved, it can be proved that "Nine Songs" is an ancient sport in legend. As for Qu Yuan's use of it as a title, it seems that it has nothing to do with the number of chapters in the ancient Nine Songs, and it is not necessarily the same as the tune of the ancient Nine Songs. It may be based on the idea of "entertaining the gods" and combined with the meanings of "recreation" and "music" mentioned in Li Sao, which basically belongs to the type of new songs attacking old names.
brief Introduction of the content
"Nine Songs" includes 1 1 chapters, and predecessors have made various improvisations to make them conform to the number of "nine". For example, in Qing Dynasty, Jiang Ji's Notes on Chu Ci in Mountain Pavilion advocated that Xiang Jun and Xiang Fu should be combined into one chapter, and Priestess of Death and Shao Siming should be combined into one chapter. Wen Yiduo and What are the Nine Songs advocated that East Emperor Taiyi should be a hymn, Away from the Soul should be a hymn, and Zhong Jiu Zhang should be the text of the nine songs. However, most people regard "Nine" as an imaginary number, agree with Wang Yuan's Collection of Songs of the South and Wang Fuzhi's interpretation of Songs of the South, and think that the first ten chapters are dedicated to ten gods, which is closely related to the production struggle and survival competition in the origin of ancient human religious thoughts. Ten kinds of gods can be divided into three types: ① God ── Taiyi the Great (the most expensive god), YunZhongJun (the cloud god), Priestess of Death (the master god), Shao Siming (the master god) and Dong Jun (the sun god); (2) To ── Xiang Jun and Mrs. Xiang (Xiang Shui Shen), Hebo (He Shen) and (Shan Shen); (3) Ghosts ── national mourning (the souls of fallen soldiers). Some people think that among the above ten gods, the "East Emperor Taiyi" at the beginning of the article is supreme, and the "national mourning" at the end of the article is a martyr, all male; The rest are yin and yang couples, namely Dong Jun (male) and YunZhongJun (female), Priestess of Death (male) and Shao Siming (female), Xiang Jun (male) and XiangFu (female), Hebo (male) and (female). The original version of Nine Songs is basically arranged according to the above relationship, but this edition of Dong Jun is scattered (Wen Yiduo's Revision of Songs of the South).
Judging from the content and form of "Nine Songs", it seems to be the embryonic form of the game god song and dance drama. The words "subject and object are all my words" in Nine Songs, such as Yu, Wu, Jun, female (you), beautiful woman and childe. , are the titles in the lyrics of musicals. There are only three kinds of lead singers: one is a wizard who plays God, the wizard plays Yang God, and the witch plays Yin God; The second is the wizard who meets the gods, the wizard meets the yin god, and the witch meets the yang god; The third is a wizard who helps sacrifice. Therefore, the structure of the nine songs mostly appears in the form of duets between wizards and witches. Chen once pointed out in Qing Dynasty: "The joy of Nine Songs includes witches and wizards; There are wizards who dance and sing; There is a witch who advocates living in harmony with many witches. " In this way, a large number of words of mutual affection between men and women appeared in Nine Songs, and under the veil of religious ceremonies and the relationship between man and god, a live drama of love between men and women on earth was staged. This expression of men's and women's feelings is extremely complicated and tortuous: sometimes it is manifested as longing for God, sometimes it is manifested as suspecting waiting for God, sometimes it is manifested as the joy of meeting God, and sometimes it is manifested as the sadness of parting from God and the sadness of parting. Judging from the artistic conception of poetry, it is quite unique.
Zhu Zeng commented on "Nine Songs" and said: "Compared with its kind, it should belong to three fu; As for his words, he was changed to Zheng and Wei in "National Wind". " Dialectics of Songs of the South are all love works, but the styles of Zheng Wei in Nine Songs and The Book of Songs are really different. However, this is not due to the "re-change" of the "declining world style", but to the different characteristics of the national cultures of the North and South during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Zheng Hewei's poems show the roughness and simplicity unique to northern folk songs; And "Nine Songs" not only puts on a mysterious religious cloak, but also presents a profound, secluded, tortuous and graceful artistic conception, which has a strange and rich artistic charm. Fu Baoshi, the wife of Hunan, wrote.
The love between men and women can't sum up all the contents of the nine songs. As a sacrificial song, because each chapter has different sacrificial objects and different contents, such as the solemnity of "East Emperor Taiyi" and the heroism of "national mourning", it has nothing to do with the love between men and women. "National Mourning" is a song to mourn the fallen soldiers, and it is also a battle song with perseverance and high morale. By describing the fierce battle scenes, it warmly praises the heroes who died for the country and reflects one aspect of Chu's national character.
Nine Songs is a sacrificial song for the purpose of entertaining the gods. On the surface, its artistic image is a supernatural god, but in essence it deifies human beings in reality. In the description of characters' feelings and environmental atmosphere, it is vivid and beautiful, solemn and elegant, and full of strong life breath.
Jiuge (1)
dong huang tai yi
When the auspicious day is good, Mu will be happy to see the emperor;
Caressing the sword, Xi Yuer, "fallacy" ① I am full of beautiful things;
In "Zhen" (2), I will compare it to;
Yao Hui steamed Xi Lan borrowed 3, Mogui wine Xi Chili noodles;
Yang Bao (4) wears drums to ease the festive atmosphere;
Chen Yu se advocates it;
Lingyan Xi Jiaofu, Fang Feifei Xi Mantang;
There are many tones, and you are happy.
Precautions:
①: The glyph should be next to the "Wang" with the sound of "autumn".
②: The glyph should be next to the word "Wang" with the sound of "array".
3. Sound "boundary".
④: The glyph should match the word "wood" with the sound of "fu".
Solve the problem:
The Star Classic records: "Taiyi Star is half a degree south of Tianyi, the God of Heaven and the Lord of the Sixteen Gods."
"Zhuangzi Heaven and Earth" says: "The Lord is the first", and Cheng notes: "Tai Chi is the name of the public. One is not two, but the Tao is wide, everything is inclusive, and everything is unified into one, so it is too one. " Wang Yi's note: "Taiyi is the name of the star and the god of heaven. The temple is located in the east of Chu to match the East Emperor, so it is the Cloud East Emperor. "
"Hanshu Jiaoji Lu" says: "God is too expensive." "Huang" is the floorboard of the most distinguished deity among Chu people, and "Taiyi" is the most distinguished deity among Chu people.
Jiuge (2)
Yunzhongjun
Yu Lan Tang, Yi Ruoying (1);
Linglian lingers, rotten and bright;
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Dragon riding, emperor costume, chatting, swimming, Zhang Zhou;
The spirit emperor Xi has descended ③, while "soaring" ④ has risen in the clouds;
There are many people in Jizhou, and the four seas are poor;
Four blessings (5) You are too relaxed and extremely tired;
Precautions:
①: The sound is "central".
②: The glyph should be beside the "spoon" with the sound of "but".
3: "red" sound.
④ There should be no "wind" beside the glyph, and the sound is "standard".
⑤: Sound "service".
Solve the problem:
This is a poem dedicated to the cloud god. The god in the clouds is male, nicknamed "the king in the clouds". In mythology, the name of the cloud god is Phoenix Dragon, also known as Pingming.
Jiuge (3)
Xiangjun
If you can't do it, stay in Zhongzhou.
Beauty needs to be repaired, I want to take a boat;
Make Yuan Xiang's Xi no waves (2) and make the river flow safely;
Looking to the future (3), who thinks about it;
Driving a flying dragon to the north, "Qin" 4 I am a Taoist;
Ficus pumila, cypress and silk, Sun "scratched" ⑤ meridian;
Look at the anode pool and shine across the river;
Yang Lin's Xi is not very high, but the Xi of female Chan Yuan is too high to breathe;
⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥;
Precautions:
①: Voice "invitation".
②: sound "Pi".
3: The sound of "Li".
④: The font should be marked with the word "true", with the sound of "exhibition" and turn.
⑤: The glyph should be next to the word "wood" with the sound of "flex", and the handle on the flagpole is used to hang the cloth for decorative flags.
⑥: The word "Yuan" should be marked beside the glyph.
⑦: The glyph should be next to the "land" with the sound of "bandit".
"Ghost" ① "Yes" and "Love" ③ Ice and snow;
Picking Ficus pumila in water, and picking hibiscus and sawdust;
The heart is different, the medium is hard, and the grace is not too light;
Shallow stone wrasse (4), graceful dragon;
Pay disloyalty, complain for a long time, and don't believe it.
Xi Gao Jiang Zhao Cheng, Xi Zhu Bei;
The birds are on the house and the water is under the hall.
Donation is not just "affirmation" ⑤ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Take away Zhou Fang ·Xi· Du Ruo, and I will leave my daughter;
It's too late to get it again. It's hard to talk about.
Precautions:
①: The glyph should be beside the word "wood", with the sound of "Zhao" and the meaning of "Ba".
②: The glyph should be beside the word "wood" with the sound of "Yi".
③: The glyph is difficult to describe, and the sound "zhe" means "knock".
4: the sound "between".
⑤: Sound "protection".
⑥: The glyph should be next to "Wang" with the sound of "Ding".
Solve the problem:
Shun Di died in Cangwu and was buried in Jiuyi Mountain. His two concubines, E Huang and Nv Ying, the daughters of Emperor Yao, went to the funeral and died in Xiangjiang River after hearing the news. After Shun Di's death, the Emperor named him Xiang Jun, the God of Xiang Water, and named his second concubine Xiang Shui Goddess, Mrs Xiang. In the minds of Chu people, they are a pair of spouse gods.
This is a poem dedicated to Xiang Jun, which describes the feelings that Mrs. Xiang misses. Because she hasn't seen Xiang Jun for a long time, she feels resentful and sad.
Nine songs (4)
Xiangfuren
Di Zi fell to Zhu Bei, and his eyes hurt.
"Drowning" ③ Autumn wind, waves in Dongting, leaves under trees ③;
Deng Bai's "worry" ④ I'm looking forward to it, and I'm very happy about it;
What is "Zeng" in "frequency" ⑤?
Yuan, you have, you have Lan ⑦, and Si Gongzi dare not speak;
Looking from afar, look at the flowing water "Yuan" ⑧;
What do elk in the court eat? What is the origin of water?
Chi Chao Ma Yu Xi Gao Jiang, Xi Xi Xi Xi "before" pet-name ruby;
When I hear a beautiful woman calling, I will drive away;
Precautions:
①: "Yu" sound.
②: The glyph should be beside the word "female", with the sound of "bird" and the sound of breeze blowing.
③: The ancient sound "protection".
④ The glyph should have a "bitter" prefix, a "fan" sound, and the name of grass, which is as big as sand.
⑤: The glyph should have a "stubborn" head and a "poor" sound, which is a perennial water grass.
⑥: The glyph should have the prefix "four" and the sound "increase", which is a fishing net.
⑦: sound "Lian".
⑧: The glyph should be in the word "亄", which is the same as "Yuan".
Pet-name ruby: The glyph should be beside Ying, which is homophonic with Shi and Shuihu.
Build a room in the water, repair and cover it;
Sun the wall Xi purple altar, and broadcast the fragrant pepper Xi into the hall;
Xi Lan, Guidong "Liao" ②, Mei Xinyi Xi Pharmacy;
The king is a scene, and the monarch "③ benefits" and "④";
It is a town, not a square;
Wu, dazzling ⑤;
Combine a hundred herbs and build a fragrant door.
When nine flowers meet, the spirit comes like a cloud;
Donate more than the river, leaving more than the "spy".
"Zhou Ting ·Xi· Du Ruo" will be a distant person.
Time can't be sudden, it's hard to talk about!
Precautions:
①: Make a "remember" sound.
②: The glyph should be beside the word "wood", with the sound of "healing" and "rafter".
③: The glyph should be marked with "U" and "pi" and cut.
④: The glyph is difficult to describe, with "cotton" sound and fan sound.
⑤: Sound "hang".
⑥: Voice "people".
⑦: The glyph should be next to "autumn" and the sound is "spy". Dialect: Zen clothes are called "spies" among Jiang, Huai, Nan and Chu (as mentioned above). Zen clothing is a woman's underwear, and it is a token given to Xiang Jun by Mrs. Xiang. This is the habit of ancient women's love life.
⑧: "Wei" sound.
Solve the problem:
This is a poem dedicated to the goddess Xiang Shui, and also a companion of Xiang Jun.. The whole article is written in the tone of thinking of Mrs. Xiang to you, depicting the melancholy mood of looking far away and praying for it, but not seeing it.
Nine songs (5)
Priestess of Death
Open the door wide, I will take the mysterious cloud;
Let the wind drift forward and make it "freeze" (1) rain and dust;
Jun returned to Xiangxia ②, "Le" ③ Empty mulberry from female ④;
Disputes are always in Kyushu, and He Shou Yao Xi is giving 5;
Fly high and peacefully, conquer yin and yang in the clear sky;
I am as fast as you, leading the emperor to nine pits 6;
Ling Yi Xi is 7 years old, Yu Pei Xi Lu Li;
One yin and one yang, many people don't know what I am doing;
Precautions:
①: The glyph should be next to "Ju".
②: Sound "protection".
③: The glyph should be beside the word "foot" with the sound of "Yu" and cross.
4: preach "you".
⑤: "Yu" sound.
⑥: The sound of "Gang" means "Gang", Ridge and Highland, and Jiukeng is the name of Jiugang and Kyushu.
⑦: Pass "wear".
8: The sound of "Yu".
I will leave home with my legacy.
Old Ran Ran Xi is very extreme. He doesn't "soak" (3) The closer he is, the rarer he is;
Lapras, Gao Chi (4);
The more I think about it, the more worried I am.
If you are sad, you will be helpless. I hope that if you are today, you will have nothing to lose.
This is a problem of repairing people's lives, but what is a clutch?
Precautions:
①: Pass "flower" and the ancient sound "apply".
②: "Wei" sound.
③: The glyph should be marked with "Jue" head.
4: The voice "listens".
⑤: The sound "ke".
⑥: Sound "Hu".
Solve the problem:
The custom of Chu State is good at offering sacrifices to ghosts and gods. The Chu people believed that life and death must be dominated by gods, so they sacrificed to Priestess of Death.
Priestess of Death is the name of a star. The Book of Records of the Historian Tianguan says: "Beikuang has six stars, which are called Wenchang Palace: one is a general, two are generals, three are ministers, and four are generals ..."
The ancients believed that Priestess of Death was the birthday girl who was in charge of life and death. This is a song of sacrifice for Priestess of Death.
Nine songs (6)
Less deadly
Qiu Lan Xi, Elk Weeds, Luo Sheng Xi Hall;
The green leaves are in full bloom and Fang Feifei is attacking;
Husband (4) Everyone has their own beautiful children, so why is Sun sad?
Qiu Lan is green, with green leaves and purple stems;
A beautiful woman, suddenly living alone with Yu;
Without saying anything, leave without hesitation and take the return air to carry the cloud flag;
Sadness and sadness, parting, happiness and happiness, new friends;
He Yixi will take ⑤, "fix" ⑤ and come and go;
When you stay in the suburbs of Xidi, you must be absent-minded;
The same mother is Mu Xianchi, and the female hair is Yang;
Looking at the beautiful scenery and looking forward to the future, the "wishes" in the breeze and the beautiful songs;
Kong Gai ·Xi· Cui Jing boarded the comet for nine days;
Long Dao hugs young Ai, but only Sun Weimin is righteous.
Precautions:
①: Sound "protection".
②: Make a "branch".
③: "Yu" sound.
4. Sound "service".
⑤: Sound "ground".
⑥: The bottom right of the glyph should be "black" and pronounced "book". Suddenly, I was ill.
⑦: Pass "You".
⑧: The glyph should be marked with "day", pronounced as "Xi" and dried.
Pet-name ruby: the glyph should be "忄", and it "shakes" with the sound, showing a depressed look.
Indications: sound "sign".
Solve the problem:
Shao Siming is the goddess who controls the fate of children. Because she is a young and beautiful goddess, some chapters also describe the plot of the love between man and god. This article is the lyrics of the sacrifice.
Nine Songs
Dong Jun
I will go to the east and shine on my threshold;
Fu Ma Yu Xi drives safely and the night is bright and bright;
Riding a dragon "boat" ① riding a thunder, carrying a cloud flag ② entrusting a snake ③;
Breathe for a long time and you will go to the top, and your heart will be low.
Qiang's lewdness entertains people, and the viewer forgets to return;
〈〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉;
Singing and blowing, thinking about the spirit, protecting the sages, "boasting" ⑦;
"Xuan" is flying;
According to the law, festivals are closed and the spirit comes to our days;
Qingyun's clothes are white. He shot Sirius with a long arrow.
Cao Cao's arc falls, helping Beidou to make cinnamon pulp;
I wrote, I'm tall and camel, and I'm heading east.
Precautions:
①: The glyph should be beside the word "car" with the sound of "boat", which was originally the crossbar of the axle, generally referring to the car.
②: The sound is "dangerous".
3: Sound "Yi".
④: The glyph should be beside the "Gui", with the sound of "Dan" and peace.
⑤: On the left side of the glyph, the sound is "Geng".
⑥: The glyph is difficult to describe, the sound is "huge", and the wooden frame of the wall clock.
⑦: The glyph should match the word "female" with a "bitter" sound.
⑧: The left side of the glyph is "below the atlas", the right side is "feather" and the sound is "Xuan".
Pet-name ruby: sound "hang".
Solve the problem:
This article is an ode to the sun by Chu people.
Jiuge (8)
Bo He
Go with the girl (1) to Jiuhe River, and flush the wind and water;
Cover the lotus with a waterwheel, and drive the two dragons away (2);
Looking around Kunlun, my heart flies;
This day will be forgotten, but it will be very embarrassing.
Fish Scale House, Dragon Hall, Zibei Que and Pearl Palace;
Why is the soul in the water?
Take a white fish and swim with a woman in the river;
In the future, it will be 4;
Zizhan traveled eastward and sent the beauty Nanpu;
The waves are surging, row upon row.
Precautions:
①: Pass "You".
②: The glyph should match the word "worm" with the sound of "Luo".
③: The sound of "Hui".
4. Sound "protection".
⑤: "Yu" sound.
Solve the problem:
This is a song dedicated to Hebo. There is no word of ritual sacrifice in the song, but the story of Hebo falling in love with the goddess, which tells the characteristics of the wretched sacrifice of Chu people. Love songs are used as sacrificial words to entertain the gods.
Hebo originally referred to the God of the Yellow River. During the Warring States Period, people collectively referred to the river gods of various water systems as Hebo. At that time, the border of Chu had not yet reached the Yellow River, and only the river god was sacrificed.
According to textual research, this article may be about the early love story between Hebo and goddess waterinfo. First, because Luoshui is south of the Yellow River, it is not far from other water systems in Chu. Second, because the goddess of waterinfo is Fu Fei. Fu Fei was dissolute by nature and once fell in love with Hou Yi. Therefore, Hou Yi "shot Hebo" and "stabbed him in the left eye", and Hebo asked Heaven Emperor to punish Hou Yi.
Nine Songs
My best friend
If someone is a mountain, he will be led by a girl named Xue He.
Laughing is awkward and decent, and children are eager for kindness and gentleness;
Take the red leopard Xi(3) from the text raccoon, and the Xinyi car Xi is expensive;
(4) Shi Lan xi and Du Heng, the thought of folding fragrance and fragrance;
The rest of the place can't see the sky, and the road is dangerous.
Table Independent Xi Shan Ye, Yunrong Xi and Future 6;
The sky is dark, the east wind is falling, and the gods are raining;
Stay in practice, forget to return, and be embarrassed when you are old.
Precautions:
①: Through "wearing".
②: The sound of "must".
③: The glyph should be next to the "piece".
4: Pass "Dai".
⑤: "Li" sound.
⑥: The sound of "mutual".
⑦: The glyph should be next to the "spoon" with the sound of "but".
8: The sound of "Yu".
Take three shows in the mountains, and the stone is full of ge;
Complaining that my son forgot to come back, you think I can't be idle;
People in the mountains fragrant Du Ruo, drinking stone springs and shady pines and cypresses;
You think I am suspicious;
Thunder filled the rain, "Hey" sang, "Hole" sang at night;
The wind is rustling and the wood is rustling. I miss my son and I am worried.
Precautions:
(1): It sounds like a witch.
②: "Bo" sound.
③: There should be a "yuan" next to the glyph.
④: There should be "Yu" beside the glyph, and the sound should be "You".
Solve the problem:
Shan Gui, usually called the Mountain God, is still called Shan Gui, because he was not officially named a saint by the Emperor of Heaven.
This is a song dedicated to Shan Gui. It tells the story of an affectionate woman, Shan Gui, picking Ganoderma lucidum in the mountains and dating her lover.
Guo Moruo inferred that the mountain was Wushan according to Yu Zi's ancient pronunciation, and thought that Shan Gui was the goddess of Wushan. Wushan is a famous mountain in Chu, and the goddess of Wushan is the most popular myth in Chu.
Jiuge (10)
National martyr
Fuck, Angkor was caught by rhinoceros. The car is wrong.
Cover the sun, the enemy is like a cloud, and the arrow falls.
Yu Ling's array was full of lines, and he was injured by the left knife and the right knife;
Hit four horses in two rounds, help jade "bag", beat gongs and drums;
When the weather is fine, I will be angry. I will kill vilen and abandon him.
If you can't get out, you won't go back, and the plain is suddenly far away;
With a long sword and a A Qin bow, the head is separated from the heart, and the heart is not punished;
Honesty is brave and brave, and eventually it will be strong and unyielding.
When the body dies, the spirit is the spirit and the soul is the ghost.
Precautions:
①: The sound "hangs".
②: The voice is "old."
③: The glyph should be beside the word "wood" with the sound of "help".
4: Sound "Shu".
⑤: "Cong" sound.
⑥: The sound of "long".
Solve the problem:
This article is a song dedicated to the soldiers who died defending the country.
Nine songs (11)
Ritual soul
Li Cheng Xi can play drums and preach Ba Xi to dance;
"Kua" ① Women advocate tolerance;
Chunlan Qiuju, never ending.
Precautions:
①: The glyph should be next to the word "female" with bitter sound.
Solve the problem:
This song is commonly used in the first ten songs to send God. Because there are gods of heaven and earth and ghosts among the sent gods, they are not called ritual gods, but ritual souls.
Brief introduction of the author
Qu Yuan (about 339 BC ~ 278 BC). During the Warring States Period, he was a poet and politician of Chu State, the founder and representative author of Songs of Chu. In this century, he was selected as a world cultural celebrity and widely commemorated. According to the collation of Liu Xiang and Liu Xin and Wang Yi's annotation, there are 25 works of Qu Yuan, namely Li Sao 1, Tian Wen 1, Jiu Ge 1 1, Nine Chapters 9, Yuanyou, etc. According to Sima Qian's words in Biography of Qu Yuan in Historical Records, there are 1 evocation. Some scholars believe that Zhao Da is also the work of Qu Yuan. However, some people suspect that The Journey to the West's later chapters and some chapters in Nine Chapters were not written by Qu Yuan. In terms of language form, Qu Yuan's works have broken through the four-sentence pattern in The Book of Songs. Each sentence has five, six, seven, eight and nine words, as well as three sentences and a cross sentence. Grammar is uneven and flexible. The word "Xi" and function words "Zhi", "Yu", "Hu" and "Er" are often used at the end of sentences to coordinate syllables and produce ups and downs, singing and sighing effects. In a word, his works are very creative from content to form.
Myth nine songs
Legend has it that nine songs are heavenly. What Zhao Jianzi heard in his ascension dream was "Nine Songs and Dances", that is, "Nine Songs" and Shao Dance accompanied by "Nine Songs". ("Li Sao" and "Playing Nine Songs and Dances". ) "Nine Songs" was stolen by Xia Hou Qi, and a joyous feast led to the chaos of five sons, which eventually led to the demise of Xia people. The historical background of this myth is probably as follows. Shaowu dance in Jiuge is the joy of Xia people, and it may only be used when offering sacrifices to gods in the suburbs. Qi once played this music to enjoy god, that is, the joy of being a gentleman. Just like music in primitive society, the content of this kind of music and dance is quite obscene. Because in primitive life, religion and sex are quite inseparable, you might as well enjoy the joy of God despite obscenity. Perhaps it was at the big banquet in the suburbs that Kay and Taikang had a conflict over the birth of two daughters ("the mother of five children"). The situation expanded to a certain extent, and Taikang led his younger brothers to create a rebellion. As a result, the enemy took advantage of it and destroyed the summer. There is another textual research on this matter. ) Rewarding immortals is a treat. According to legend, the invitation to treat guests became an invitation to be invited, so there was a story of treating guests to heaven. This may be because the word "guest" in the so-called "opening up the sky" (Tian Wen "opening up merchants" means opening up the sky, while the classic "opening up the sky and three places" in the wild west is the same as the guest. ) it means "treat" and "visit", and the result is caused. Since entertaining guests has become guests, enjoying the happiness in the sky has become happiness in the sky, and playing music and enjoying guests has become a pleasure for guests. This is probably the only puzzling thing about this legend. The rest of the story says that Qi died because of nine songs, but it is very true. We especially put forward these points to point out the oldest function and obscene content of Nine Songs of Chu, because it is quite helpful for the following explanation of Nine Songs of Chu.