Red bean is a big category in botany, involving at least three plants. In order to correct some misunderstandings, this paper briefly introduces the following:

1. Acacia vine is not a red bean in Wang Wei's poems (the seeds are half red and half black).

Acacia; Leguminosae Woody vines. The branches are thin and weak. Flowers in spring and summer, butterfly-shaped corolla, usually reddish or purple, raceme. The pod is rectangular. The seeds are broadly ovoid with vermilion at the top and black at the bottom. Distributed in tropical Asia; Also produced in southern China. The scientific name of this seed is hen's mother pearl, which is highly toxic and often used as Chinese herbal medicine.

2. Evergreen red bean tree, alias acacia tree, real red bean and acacia bean (both red seeds)

Red bean tree: Leguminosae. Trees. Flowering in spring, butterfly-shaped corolla, white or reddish, panicle. Pods are woody, oblong, and the seeds are bright red. Produced in Central China and East China, for viewing; Wood is hard, red and beautiful, which is an excellent material for carving and joinery.

3. Deciduous trees, sea beans, also known as acacia trees, are real red beans and acacia beans (both red seeds)

Acacia adenophora: also known as acacia, acacia tree and peacock bean. Leguminosae deciduous trees. Flowers are small, white or yellowish, forming a narrow raceme. When the pod matures, it will bend and roll. The seeds are convex and bright red. Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, India and Sri Lanka; It is also distributed in China, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan and the eastern Himalayas. The wood is hard, the heartwood texture is slightly coarse, and it is waterproof and moisture-proof. It is an excellent material for shipbuilding, and can also be used as building, furniture, gunstocks and other materials. The seeds are bright red and crystal clear like coral, and southerners often use them to embed decorations.

4. Red beans, also known as red beans, are vegetables that eat red beans and have nothing to do with love and acacia (the seeds are dark red).

Red bean: called adzuki bean and red bean in ancient times, commonly known as red bean, red bean and red bean. Millet in Leguminosae Flowers are yellow or light gray. The pods are hairless, and the seeds are oval or oblong, usually red. Originated in Asia; It is widely cultivated in China. Seeds are rich in starch, protein and B vitamins, which can be used as food and non-staple food, and can be used as medicine. They are tonics. See below for details.

5. Taiwan Province acacia, without acacia beans (dark brown seeds)

Acacia formosana: Leguminosae. Evergreen tree The height can reach 15 meters. It blooms in April ~ 10 with golden flower heads. The pods are banded and flat. The seeds are dark brown and shiny. It is distributed in China Taiwan Province Province, south of central Fujian, Guangdong and Hainan hilly and plain acid land. Wood is solid, meticulous and durable, and can be used for building and making farm tools. Tree batches can be extracted with tannin extract. It is also a street tree and ornamental tree in South China.

6. Taxus chinensis does not belong to Leguminosae and has nothing to do with red beans (all red seeds)

Taxus: Taxaceae. Evergreen tree Branchlets turn yellow-green or reddish-brown in autumn. The seed is oblate, with an inconspicuous ridge on each side and a red fleshy cup-shaped aril. Endemic to China, it is distributed in Gansu, Shaanxi, Hubei, Sichuan and Yunnan. Wood can be used in buildings, ships, furniture, appliances and other materials; Seed presses oil.

Basic information of adzuki bean

Common names are Red Bean, Red Bean, Red Mi Dou and Mi Dou.

It tastes flat and sweet.

Efficacy: strengthen the spleen to stop diarrhea, diuretic and detumescence.

It is suitable for people with various types of edema, including renal edema, cardiogenic edema, ascites due to cirrhosis, malnutrition edema, etc. If you can eat with mullet, carp or yellow hen, the swelling effect will be better; People who are suitable for postpartum hypogalactia and postpartum edema can simply drink soup or cook porridge with red beans; Suitable for obese people.

Herbal dietotherapy: "Boiled with carp can cure beriberi and abdominal edema." Therapeutic prescription: "Red beans strengthen bones and muscles, pump muscles, and thin people eat them for a long time." Publisher: "Milk, boiled adzuki beans and juice." Compendium of Materia Medica: "Tongru is cooked with carp, crucian carp and yellow hen."

Avoid eating adzuki beans. Adzuki beans are good for waterways, so people with excessive urine should avoid eating them.

Tao Hongjing said: "Sex is consuming body fluids, and eating for a long time will make people thin." Dietetic Materia Medica: "Eat thin people for a long time." The new edition of Materia Medica: "Red beans can benefit water temporarily, but not for a long time." Dampness is mostly due to qi deficiency, diuresis, turning to deficiency, and dampness cannot be removed. In addition, adzuki beans are only beneficial to the moisture in the lower body, but not to the moisture in the upper body. Covering the lower part of the body is really wet and effective; The wetness, deficiency and wetness of the upper body are also very beneficial and inseparable. Compendium of Materia Medica: "Red adzuki bean is sexually weak. If it is taken for a long time, it will drop too much, and the body fluid will leak out, so the muscles will be thin and heavy." "Living with Interest Diet Spectrum": "People bitten by red beans and poisonous snakes should be avoided within 100 days. "

It is said that adzuki beans are not as nutritious as soybeans. Adzuki bean not only contains protein and fat, but also contains vitamins A, B and C, plant saponins and trace elements such as aluminum and copper. According to Jia Ming's Dietary Guide in Yuan Dynasty, the flowers of adzuki beans are called "rotten women", which can relieve alcoholism and make people drunk.

* Warning * Red adzuki bean and acacia are similar in appearance (see the picture above), and both have aliases of "red bean". Sophora japonica seeds are produced in Guangdong, and their appearance is half red and half black. In the past, acacia was mistaken for adzuki bean, which led to poisoning and even death. It should not be confused when eating.

Alias red beans and wild red beans.

Its source is the seed of leguminous plant adzuki bean.

The plant is an annual erect herb with a height of 90 cm. There are obvious long bristles on the stem. Three compound leaves alternate; The terminal leaflet is ovate, 5 ~ 10 cm long and 2 ~ 5 cm wide, the apex is acuminate, the lateral leaflets are oblique, whole or 3-lobed, and both sides are sparsely white pilose; Stipules ovate. Racemes axillary; Calyx 5-lobed; Corolla butterfly-shaped, yellow, flag petal with short claws, keel petal upper curl; Stamens 10, dimorphic. The pod is cylindrical and 5 ~ 8 cm long. 6 ~ 8 seeds. The flowering period is June-July and the fruiting period is July-August.

It is widely planted all over the country. Location: Jilin, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shaanxi, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Guangdong and Sichuan.

When the pods mature in autumn without cracking, pull out the whole plant, dry it in the sun and sow it.

Trait seeds are oval, flat at both ends, 5 ~ 7 mm long and 4 ~ 6 mm in diameter. The surface is dark red and shiny, with white linear hilum on the side, about 4 mm long and not prominent. The two cotyledons are thick and milky white.

Chemical components include α-α, β-globulin, fatty acid, nicotinic acid, sugar, vitamin A 1, B 1, B2, phytosterol, triterpenoid saponin, etc.

It tastes plain, sweet and sour.

The main functions are diuresis, seed elimination, detoxification and pus discharge. Can be used for treating edema, beriberi edema, jaundice, hematuria, rheumatic fever, carbuncle, soreness, carbuncle and abdominal pain.

Pay attention to the seeds of adzuki beans. Also used as adzuki bean.

red bean shrub

(classic)

Different names include beans (Rihuazi Materia Medica), red beans (Compendium of Materia Medica), adzuki beans (Primitive Materia Medica), red mung beans, drip beans (Luchuan Materia Medica), Zhu Chidou (Handbook of Chinese Herbal Medicine), Jin Hongdu and Zhu Xiaodou (Pharmacology).

The source is adzuki bean or adzuki bean seeds.

plant morphology

① Red beans, also known as pork liver red (Ben Feng Jingyuan), Du red beans (Bian Du in herbal medicine), honey red beans, Mao Chai red and honey red.

Annual semi-climbing herb. The stem length can reach1.8m, and it is hairy. 3 compound leaves, petiole 8 ~ 16 cm long; Stipules lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate; 3 leaflets, lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate to ovoid-lanceolate, 6- 10 cm long and 2-6 cm wide, tapering at the apex, wide triangular or nearly round at the base, whole or 3-lobed, glabrous on both sides, only sparse hairs on the veins, papery, with 3 veins and stalks. Racemes axillary, with many very short petioles in Kobanawa; Bracts 2, lanceolate and linear, about 5 mm long, hairy; Calyx short-campanulate, calyx teeth 5; Corolla butterfly-shaped, yellow, flag petal kidney-shaped, slightly concave at the center of the top surface, heart-shaped at the base, oblique oval wing petal, tapering claw-shaped at the base, long and narrow keel petal with angular protrusion; Stamens 10, dimorphic, anthers small; Ovary superior, densely hirsute, style linear. Pods are linear and oblate; 6 ~ 10 seed, dark purple, oblong, round at both ends, straight concave hilum. The flowering period is from May to August. The result period is from August to September.

Cultivated or wild. Distributed in the suburbs of Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi and Shanghai.

(2) Red beans, also known as red Mi Dou.

Annual erect herb, 30 ~ 90 cm high. There are bristles on the stem. 3 compound leaves; Stipules linear, white villous; Leaflets are ovate to rhombic, 5 ~ 10 cm long and 3.5 ~ 7 cm wide, with short or tapering apex, triangular or nearly round base, entire or extremely shallow 3-lobed, and both surfaces are sparsely hairy. 2 ~ 6 flowers, inserted at the top of axillary total pedicel; Iris, the shape is the same as the previous one; Pods are oblate and cylindrical, with shriveled seeds and no hair; 6 ~ 10 seed, dark red, oblong, truncated or round at both ends, and the hilum is not concave. The flowering period is from June to July. The result period is from July to August.

Widely planted all over the country.

The leaves (adzuki bean leaves), flowers (adzuki bean flowers) and germinated seeds (adzuki bean buds) of the above two plants are also used for medicine, and each has a detailed article.

Collect mature pods in summer and autumn, dry them, sow them, remove impurities, and then dry them.

medicinal material

① adzuki bean: The dried seeds are slightly cylindrical and flat, with a length of 5 ~ 7 mm and a diameter of about 3 mm. The seed coat is reddish brown or purple brown, smooth and slightly shiny, and the umbilical cord is linear white, accounting for about 2/3 of the total length. The middle is recessed into a longitudinal groove, which is biased to one end, and there is an inconspicuous ridge line on the back. Hard texture, not easy to break, after removing the seed coat, you can see two ivory inner kernels. The breath is mild and tastes like beans when chewed. It's best to make it yourself. The granules are full and the color is dark red.

Location: Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi and other places.

2 red beans: also known as rice red beans. Dry seeds, oblong, blunt or truncated at both ends, 5 ~ 8 mm long, 4 ~ 6 mm in diameter, reddish brown or slightly light seed coat, smooth and shiny, white at the upper end of the hilum, not protruding or sunken; Other characters are similar to adzuki bean.

It is produced in most parts of the country.

The quality of red beans is good, but the supply is not much, and they are gradually replaced by red beans.

chemical composition

Each hundred grams contains protein 20.7g, fat 0.5g, carbohydrate 58g, crude fiber 4.9g, ash 3.3g, calcium 67mg, phosphorus 305mg, iron 5.2mg, thiamine 0.3 1 mg, riboflavin 0. 1 mg and nicotinic acid 2.7mg..

Sexual taste

Sweet and sour, insipid

1 health essentials: "Bitter and warm."

② Don't record: "Sweet, flat and nontoxic."

3 Qianjin Shi Zhi: "Sweet, salty, flat and non-toxic."

④ Herbology for both medicine and food: "Slightly cold."

⑤ Herbal Soup: "Warm in nature, bitter and nontoxic."

Meridian enters the heart and small intestine.

① Explanation of the nature of drugs processed by Lei Gong: "Entering the Heart Meridian."

② New edition of Materia Medica: "Entering Spleen Meridian."

(3) Depei Materia Medica: "It begins with Shaoyin and Taiyang Meridian."

4 rejuvenation materia medica: "into the heart and lungs."

Function: diuresis, dehumidification, blood discharge, detumescence and detoxification. Treat edema, beriberi, jaundice, diarrhea, bloody stool and carbuncle.

(1) Classic: "Enter water to drive carbuncle, reduce swelling and discharge pus."

② Don't record: "Cure cold and heat, quench thirst, stop diarrhea, facilitate urination, vomit, and squat in the lower abdomen."

③ Theory of medicinal properties: "Eliminating heat, toxic carbuncle and swelling, and dispelling pathogenic blood are inexhaustible and annoying. Treat edema and skin muscle fullness; Dao Bo Tu carbuncle swollen; The master is in a hurry to yellow and fester, and takes the juice to take it; Can make people delicious; Mix with egg, and coating with carbuncle; Ventilation, spleen and stomach. "

(4) Dietotherapy Materia Medica: "Rotten carp can cure beriberi and abdominal edema; Dispelling qi, in addition to joint annoyance and heat, makes people open-minded and have poor urination; Green and red, and edible. " I was so angry after the windfall that I didn't want to eat it, so I cooked it before eating it. "

⑤ "Shu Ben Cao": "Sick wine is hot, drink juice."

6 edible herbal medicine; "Strong bones and muscles, cure moisture, and solve wheat heat toxicity. “

⑦ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Red bean powder, treat upset, clear away heat and toxic materials, expel pus and replenish blood vessels."

⑧ Outline: "Treat febrile diseases, treat dystocia, give birth to a fetus, and let the breast pass."

9 "Herbal Rejuvenation": "Clearing away heat and replenishing blood, inducing diuresis and dredging menstruation, moistening intestines and regulating qi."

Oral administration and dosage: decoction, 0.3 ~1; Or turned into powder. External use: feast bar.

It is advisable to avoid Tao Hongjing: "Sexual flooding of body fluids is boring for a long time."

2 Eating Habits Materialism: "Eating thin people for a long time."

(3) Diet Spectrum of Interesting Life: "People bitten by snakes should avoid snake bites within 100 days."

Scheme 1: Do not sit and lie down for edema, and the head and body are swollen: the mulberry branches are burnt with ash and drenched with juice, and the red beans are hollow and full, so they can't eat when they are hungry (Shi Mei Ji's Prescription).

② Treatment of large ascites: one handful of cogongrass rhizome, three liters of red bean, boiled, eaten at the grass roots and urinated. ("Fill the back of the elbow")

③ The treatment of edema starts from the feet and kills people by entering the abdomen: one liter of adzuki bean, the cooking order is extremely bad, take four or five liters of juice, below the knee; If you are already in the stomach, but take red beans, don't omnivore. ("Alone")

④ Treatment of beriberi: five red beans, one gourd, one ginger (crushed) and one Phytolacca acinosa root (cut). Boil the beans with the same water to make the soup rot, keep the temperature cold, remove the gourd, chew the beans carefully, eat them on an empty stomach, and sip the juice while rotating. (materia medica)

⑤ Treatment of athlete's foot, shortness of breath, astringent urine, swelling of the whole body and flatulence of feet: half a liter of adzuki bean, two or two pieces of mulberry bark (baked and filed), and one grip of perilla stem and leaf (filed and filed). Except for adzuki bean, all three flavors are smashed to the end. At each service, mix the beans together, cook them in five glasses of water, take out the beans, take two and a half cups of juice, take the medicine at the end of four yuan, and take a portion of ginger, mash it, fry it to one and a half cups, take it in a hollow and warm way, then choose any beans to eat, and then take it again every day. (Red bean soup from Shengji Zonglu)

⑥ Treating typhoid fever in the kitchen will make you yellow: ephedra (removing the festival), jujube (peeling the tip), adzuki bean (one liter), twelve jujubes (broken), one liter of raw catalpa peel (cut into pieces), ginger (cut into pieces) and licorice (fried). Serve eight flavors, use a bucket of water, first boil ephedra, then boil it, remove the foam, take all the medicines, and boil three liters. Except me, take it three times and take it at different temperatures for half a day. (Treatise on Febrile Diseases Mahuang Red Bean Soup)

⑦ Cure the yellow body like gold: one or two red beans, one clove, one millet, one melon pedicle, one smoked reed incense, five inches of green cloth (burnt ash) and one musk (fine powder). Mash the medicine into powder and grind it evenly. Regardless of the time of each service, adjust the next sum of money with porridge; If you blow a little into your nose, apply yellow water. ("Sheng Huifang" red bean powder)

⑧ Treatment of intestinal hemorrhoids and hematochezia: red beans 1 liter, bitter wine 5 liters, drained cooked beans, put them in sake, and wait for the wine to run out. This wine is served three times a day. (Behind the elbow)

⑨ Treat blood due to heat poison, or start by eating hot food: at the end of the red bean pestle, adjust the water to the next inch. ("Shi Mei Jishi Prescription")

The first treatment for gangrene is to apply adzuki bean powder with vinegar, and gangrene will disappear. (Sketch)

⑾ Treatment of large intestine carbuncle caused by damp-heat, qi stagnation and blood stasis: Semen Phaseoli, Coicis Semen, Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae and Glycyrrhrizae Radix, decoction. (Red bean and barley soup, the shortcut to choice)

⑿ Treating children's Tianhuo Dan, the meat is as red as Dan, the big one is like hands, and even the whole body is itchy or swollen: two liters of red beans. Finally, the chicken is white, as thin as mud and easy to dry. Dan uses this side for everything. (Fang

[13] Treatment of cheek and cheek heat swelling: coat it with red bean powder and honey, or add hibiscus leaf powder. (compilation)

[14] The heavy treatment of children's tongue: adzuki bean powder, vinegar and tongue coating. (Fang

⒂ Treat sudden bleeding of tongue, such as puncture: 1 liter of adzuki bean, pestle, 3 liters of water, and stir the juice to drink. (Behind the elbow)

[14] Milk: Boil adzuki beans and drink their juice. (producer)

⒄ Treating women's breast-blowing: grind red beans with wine, warm them, and apply them externally with me. (female prescription supplement)

⒅ Treatment of wind pruritus: Divide Phaseolus vulgaris and Schizonepeta tenuifolia into equal parts, which is the end, and remove the chicken. (compilation)

Pet-name ruby: burn a liter of adzuki beans, and take a cubic inch knife at the end. (Fang

Clinical application ① Treatment of mumps

Take 50 ~ 70 red beans and grind them into fine powder, mix them with warm water, egg white or honey to make a thin paste, and spread them on a cloth and apply them to the affected area. Generally, it can reduce swelling at one time. 7 cases had good therapeutic effect.

② Treatment of ascites due to liver cirrhosis.

Take adzuki beans 1 kg and live carp 1 strip (the weight is greater than 1 kg), put them in a pot, and add 2000 ~ 3000ml of water to stew the adzuki beans until they are rotten. Divide the red beans, fish and soup into several parts. Take 1 dose every day or every other day. Continue to take it until it is cured. Two cases were treated. After taking it, the urine volume increased, the abdominal circumference decreased, and the mental state was good without adverse reactions.

Medicinal functions of red beans

Clearing away heat and toxic materials, invigorating spleen, regulating stomach, promoting diuresis, relieving swelling, and ventilating, and can be used for treating dysuria, spleen edema, beriberi, etc.

Eating red beans and carp in soup can play a dietetic role in edema, beriberi and dysuria. It can also treat liver cirrhosis, hepatic ascites and complement deficiency; The soup cooked with red beans and wax gourd is a good therapeutic prescription to solve the whole body edema; Boiling red beans with lentils and barley can treat diarrhea. In addition, red beans can also be used with traditional Chinese medicine, such as red beans with forsythia and angelica soup, which can treat liver abscess; Red beans combined with dandelion and licorice soup can treat intestinal pain. The nutritional composition of red beans is similar to that of mung beans, and even exceeds that of mung beans in some components. Therefore, eating more red beans is good for health.

Specific steps to lose weight with red beans:

1. Buy red beans, also called adzuki beans, adzuki beans, adzuki beans. Different places have different names.

2. Soak red beans for 24 hours

Red beans are best cooked in casserole, but I use pressure cooker, which is faster. You'd better cook them into bean paste. The casserole takes two and a half hours, the pressure cooker takes 10 minutes, and then I can eat them.

Hong Kong also has a red bean diet. You can try it if you are interested.

Materials:

200 grams of red beans, 5 grams of dried tangerine peel and a little salt.

Specific practices:

First, soak the red beans for half an hour, then add 500 ml of boiling water and cook for about 30 minutes. Cook the red beans and turn off the heat. Soak tangerine peel in hot water. When the red beans are cooked, turn off the heat, put the dried tangerine peel into the red bean soup, cover and cook for ten minutes, then add a little salt. Drink it after meals every day for at least two weeks.

Red bean diet is suitable for all ages, both men and women. It is absolutely safe and has no side effects. Try it quickly.

Brief introduction of red bean tree

Name: Red Bean Tree

Latin scientific name: red bean tree,

Family and genus classification: Leguminosae Crotalaria (tree),

Nicknames: He's Red Bean, Hubei Red Bean, Jiangyin Red Bean.

Role description:

Evergreen or deciduous trees, up to 20 ~ 30 meters, DBH up to 1 meter; The bark is grayish green and smooth. Branchlets green; Odd pinnate compound leaves, 2 pairs of leaflets, alternate or opposite, thin leathery, ovoid or ovoid-elliptic, acute or acuminate at the apex, rounded or broadly wedge-shaped at the base, and 8 ~ 10 pairs of lateral veins. Panicle terminal or axillary, long 15 ~ 20 cm, pendulous; Flowers are sparse and fragrant; Corolla white or reddish. The pod is nearly round, flat, with a short beak at the top, the fruit petal is nearly leathery brown, and the seeds are 1 ~ 2. The seeds are nearly round or oval, with a length of 1.5 ~ 1.8 cm, a width of 1.2 ~ 1.5 cm, a thickness of about 5 mm and a bright red seed coat. The flowering period is from April to May and the fruiting period is 10- 1 1.

Origin:

Shaanxi (south), Gansu (southeast), Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places. Most of them were born by rivers, hillsides and valleys.

Use:

Red bean tree is a kind of red bean (tree) distributed in the northernmost latitude, which is relatively cold-resistant. The wood is hard and meticulous, with beautiful texture and luster, and the heartwood is resistant to decay. It is a valuable material for excellent wood carving technology, high-grade furniture, special decoration and inlay. Roots and seeds are used as medicine. The tree has elegant posture and shady crown, which can be used as a good landscaping tree species. The seeds are bright red and the color remains unchanged for many years. They are usually given to relatives and friends as a symbol of nostalgia. Since ancient times, red beans have been regarded as a symbol of love and acacia. At present, there are few big trees, which are national second-class protected wild plants.

Pre-propagation planting method

The preservation of Taxus resources and rapid propagation of seedlings are the basis to solve the problem of taxol timber forest construction, and the construction of large-scale Taxus plantation is the way to solve the problem of taxol raw materials. When raising seedlings with Taxus chinensis seeds, it is necessary to keep the storage method of the seeds, mix the seeds with sand or control the temperature, which has a good effect on budding after overwintering and breaking the dormancy habit. Before sowing, the seed coat should be rubbed, soaked in warm water and treated with drugs and hormones. Shading after emergence is the key to raising seedlings? It can prevent the seedlings from burning at high temperature and keep moist, and the light transmittance should be 40%. The emergence rate of Taxus cuspidata and Taxus cuspidata can reach 70-80%, and the emergence temperature should be higher than 15℃.

The growth dynamics of seedlings are as follows: the plant height and stem diameter of seedlings grow slowly two years before emergence, and the plant height generally grows about 10CM every year, and grows faster after transplanting for one year. In 3-5 years, the annual increase can reach 20-30 cm.

Note: adzuki bean, distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and other places in southern China, is a woody vine with thin branches, flowering in spring and summer and grayish brown seeds. Its roots, leaves and seeds are all toxic, among which the seeds are the most toxic.