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What are the characteristics of China cooking during the Han, Three Kingdoms and Southern and Northern Dynasties?

During the Three Kingdoms, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, people's main foods were rice, wheat and soybeans, and their main drinks were wine syrup and soup, with syrup being a cold drink and soup being a hot drink. But pulp soup is just another name for drinking water, not as precious as wine. During the Three Kingdoms period, drinking was quite popular. Nanjing had the title of three elegance, Heshuo had a summer drink, and Sun Quan and Sun Hao were both good drinkers. In terms of food and cooking, all ethnic groups brought their eating habits and cooking methods to the hinterland of the Central Plains, and people from the western regions introduced methods such as Hu Tang, Hu Fan, Hu Bao, barbecue and rinse meat. People from the southeast introduced barbecued pork, preserved meat and other methods; People from the southern coastal areas brought recipes for roast goose and raw fish; From the people of southwest Yunnan and Sichuan, red oil and fish flavor and other diets were introduced. By the Northern Wei Dynasty, after Tuoba, a northwest minority, entered the Central Plains, Hu food and the authentic flavor diet in the northwest were introduced to the mainland in large quantities, which made the court diet also have the characteristics of blending Hu and Han.

Pasta has been further popularized among the people because of the more mature fermentation technology. The custom of eating noodles in China was formed and gradually expanded and popularized in Qin and Han Dynasties, Three Kingdoms, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. Steamed bread. According to the Song Dynasty's Ji Yuan of Things, "Zhuge Gong's levy was Meng Huo. People say, "There are many sorceries in the wild, so we must pray to God and help them with fake Yin soldiers. However, their vulgarity will kill people and make their first sacrifice, so God will enjoy sending troops. The public does not obey, because of the miscellaneous use of sheep and meat, and it is covered with noodles, like a human head to worship. God also enjoys how to send troops, hence the name of steamed bread. It can be seen from this that the steamed bread at that time not only contained beef, sheep and pork stuffing, but also was relatively large and similar to the head. Dairy products. During the Three Kingdoms, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, a large number of nomadic minorities in the northwest moved into the Central Plains and the development of animal husbandry in the Central Plains, and dairy products became regular food. At that time, dairy products mainly included cheese (fermented milk), crisp (ghee), milk rot (cheese), etc. Their eating methods were mainly put into pasta or used as drinks, or they could be eaten directly. During this period, banquets also showed new features. The banquet scene is more grand, with complicated etiquette and rich dishes. For example, on New Year's Day, you will pay a tribute to the king, and the king will feast his ministers. Cao Zhi wrote in the poem "Yuan Hui": "At the beginning of the year, it is only good to be lucky. It's a good meeting and a banquet for this high hall. "The officials who went to the banquet to congratulate him wanted" fresh and clean clothes, bright and yellow ". At the banquet, "rare meals are mixed", cold dishes and hot dishes are served in layers, and the monarch and the minister are together. "Laugh and have fun, and it's fun!"

in the literature before the three kingdoms period, the word "tea" was unknown, only the word "tea". In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xu Shen wrote Shuo Wen Jie Zi, saying, "Tea is bitter. Due to the increase of tea tree planting, tea has gradually become a common drink in the south, and the custom of drinking tea by Shu people has spread to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The famous dishes popular in this period are: fish sticks, five-flavored breast, Hu soup, Hu baked meat, thick soup, steamed dolphin (that is, steamed pig), fried with jumping pills and Wuchang fish.