Nanjing, a scenic spot with mountains, water, city and forest, is magnificent and unique. There are mainly 13 scenic spots in the city: Zhongshan Scenic Area, also known as Dongjiao Scenic Area, includes Zijin Mountain, Meihua Mountain, Jiuhua Mountain and other famous mountains; Xuanwu Lake, Zixia Lake, Qianhu Lake and other beautiful waters; Mausoleums such as ming tomb, Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, Liao Cukai and He Xiangning Hezhong; Important relics such as Linggu Pagoda, Wuliangdian and Three Wonders Monument; There are also famous scientific research sites and landscapes such as Purple Mountain Observatory and Zhongshan Botanical Garden. The 25-meter-long and 5-seat Zijinshan sightseeing cableway was completed and put into operation in November 1993. This scenic spot is one of the "Forty Best" tourist attractions in China, a favorite leisure resort of Nanjing people and a must-see place for guests coming to Nanjing, and enjoys a high reputation at home and abroad. Shicheng Scenic Area includes parks such as Qingliang Mountain, Mochou Lake, Wulongtan and Gulin, and the mountains along the city such as Lion Mountain and Siwang Mountain in the north. There are historical sites such as Shicheng, Sweeping Leaf Building and Shengqi Building. The remains of the Stone Town near Qingliang Mountain, commonly known as the "grimace town", which is the location of the ancient "Jinling Town" and the Six Dynasties Stone Town, are also one of the essences of the Ming City Wall. The landscape zoning of the great river includes the world-famous Yangtze River Bridge, as well as the scenic spots of Yanziji Park, Shogun Mountain, Tiger Mountain, Xiangshan Mountain and 12 caves along the river. The whole scenic area has an open river, continuous mountains and steep cliffs, which is a natural barrier to the north of Nanjing City. Yuhuatai Scenic Area includes Yuhuatai Martyrs Cemetery, Juhuatai Nine Martyrs Cemetery, Wangjiangji and Huashen Temple. On the south side of Yuhuatai, there are tombs of Xiang Ying, Yuan Guoping and Zhou Zikun, leaders of the New Fourth Army who died in the cause of southern Anhui. The scenic spot is hilly, with lush forests, numerous historical sites and beautiful scenery. Qinhuai scenic belt includes the inner Qinhuai River from Dongshuiguan to Xishuiguan, which is mainly composed of Confucius Temple, Bailuzhou Park, Zhanyuan and Jubaomen (now Zhonghua Gate). Especially in the Confucius Temple area, in ancient times, it was once a place where noble families lived together and merchants gathered, representing the prosperity of Nanjing in history. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Confucius Temple and Gongyuan became places for candidates and scholars to live and visit. At present, the buildings with Ming and Qing styles, unique river halls and houses, distinctive small commodity markets, complete cultural and entertainment facilities, and flavor snacks with the essence of leisure market make this area one of Nanjing's cultural and commercial activity centers and one of the "Forty Best" national tourist attractions. The total length of the city wall protection belt in Ming Dynasty is 33.676 kilometers, which is second to none among the cities in Ming Dynasty and rare in the world at the same time. There are 21.35 kilometers in existence, among which the well-preserved ones are: Zhongshan Gate to Hepingmen, Lion Mountain to Dinghuaimen, Shitoucheng, Dongshan Pass to the southwest corner, etc. In September 1994, the 1.7 km wall maintenance project from Taicheng to Taipingmen was completed and opened to the outside world. Magnificent city walls and open city halls are the ties connecting Zhongshan Scenic Area, Shicheng Scenic Area, Dajiang Scenic Area, Yuhuatai Scenic Area and Qinhuai Scenic Belt. At the beginning of 1996, the maintenance of the 1.5 km wall section from Jiefangmen to Xuanwu Gate was completed. These two sections of city walls are an important part of Nanjing's characteristics of mountains, water, city and forest. Qixia Scenic Area includes Qixia Mountain, North and South Xiangshan and other scenic spots in the northeast, 17 kilometers away from the city center. In autumn, Qixia Mountain is full of red maple, which makes the whole scenic spot particularly beautiful and spectacular. Niushou Zutang Scenic Area includes Niushou Mountain, Zutang Mountain and other scenic spots, Hongjue Temple Tower, the Second Mausoleum of Nantang, Zhenghe Tomb, Youqi Temple and other cultural relics. Niushou Mountain is an ancient battlefield site where Yue Fei defeated Jin Bing. Up to now, there are still Yue Fei's anti-Jin Shi lei. Nanjing people have the saying that "autumn tour Qixia, spring tour Niushou". The scenic spot is located in the south of the city, 14 kilometers away from the city center. Tangshan Scenic Area is centered on Tangshan Town, including Tangshan Hot Spring, Yangshan Monument, Anji Mountain Reservoir, Hulu Cave and other scenic spots. There are spectacular ancient quarries in Yangshan, and there are still three giant steles carved by Zhu Di, the Ming emperor, for Zhu Yuanzhang's Xiaoling Mausoleum, namely, the stele seat, the stele body and the stele forehead, among which the stele body is 48.3 meters long, 12.2 meters wide, 4.2 meters thick and weighs about 5,5 tons, which is the highest in the world. In March 1993, the skull fossil of "Nanjing Ape Man" was found in Hulu 35, years ago. The scenic spot is 22 kilometers away from the city center. Laoshan Forest Scenic Area includes Laoshan Forest Farm, Shiziling, Pearl Spring, Tangquan and other places of interest. Laoshan stretches for 35 kilometers, with nearly 1 peaks, dense forests, quiet environment and extremely rich scenic tourism resources. Pearl Spring Tourist Resort is a provincial-level tourist resort, located at the southern foot of Dingshan Mountain in Pukou District, with an area of about 15 square kilometers and 11 kilometers away from the city center. The mountains are green, the waters are beautiful, the springs are strange, the rocks are beautiful, the natural scenery is unique, and the tourism resources are rich. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was famous as "the first place to visit in the North of the Yangtze River". In recent years, dozens of tourist attractions and entertainment facilities have been built and under construction, including international standard golf courses, holiday villas, Dai bamboo buildings, European wooden houses, racecourses, cockpits, camping resorts, and water leisure areas. Jinniu Scenic Area includes Jinniu Mountain, Jinniu Mountain Reservoir, Guizi Mountain Shizhu Forest and other scenic spots, with natural landscapes as the mainstay. The scenic spot is located in the northeast of Yeshan Town, Liuhe County, 42 kilometers away from the city center. Wuxiang Temple Scenic Area includes more than 1 peaks, including temples, caves, rouge river, Tiansheng Bridge, cliff stone carvings and other places of interest. The mountains and rivers are interdependent and the environment is quiet, which is suitable for vacation and recuperation. The scenic spot is located in the east of Honglan Township, Lishui County, 6 kilometers away from the county seat in the town. Gucheng Lake Scenic Area includes Gucheng Site, Gucheng Lake, Huashan Mountain, yuquan temple and Chunxi Old Street, Baodui Temple Tower and Dongba Ancient Stage. The scenic spot is located in Gaochun County. Nanjing, a cultural relic and historic site, is one of the first 24 famous historical and cultural cities in the State Council, and it is also known as the six ancient capitals of China together with Beijing, Xi 'an, Luoyang, Kaifeng and Hangzhou. Ancient and modern metropolis, outstanding people, formed a splendid history and culture, leaving many cultural relics and historical sites. There are 281 cultural relics protection units above the city level, including 81 cultural relics protection units above the provincial level. There are 11 national key cultural relics protection units: Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum is located at the southern foot of Xiaomao Mountain in the middle of Zhongshan, which was completed in the spring of 1929, and Sun Yat-sen was buried here on June 1 of the same year. The whole building is dominated by Chinese traditional style, which combines the essence of western architecture, simple and vigorous, solid and beautiful. The main buildings are memorial hall, tomb, tablet pavilion and tomb. There is a full-body sitting statue of Sun Yat-sen in the center of the sacrifice hall, and a marble reclining statue of Sun Yat-sen in the sacrifice room, under which Sun Yat-sen's body is buried. There are music stands, Guanghua Pavilion, Liuhui Pavilion and other buildings near the mausoleum. The entire cemetery covers an area of 8, square meters. In 1996, it was designated as a national patriotic education base by the state. Ming tomb, the mausoleum of Zhu Wuzhang in Ming Taizu, was built in 1381 and completed in 1383 at the foot of Mount Everest in Dulongfu, Zijin Mountain. The perimeter of the mausoleum wall is 22.5 kilometers. In order to defend the Xiaoling Mausoleum, there is a "shrine supervisor" inside and a Xiaoling Mausoleum guard outside. There are stone carvings such as Xiamafang, Dajinmen, Sifang City, Shengong Shengde Monument, Shinto, and God beast. Tianwangfu Site is located at No.292 Changjiang Road. In 1835, Taixia Army led by Hong Xiuquan conquered Nanjing and established its capital here. Tian Wang Hong Xiuquan transformed the former Governor's Mansion of Sandaojiang into the Palace of Heaven, commonly known as the "Palace of Heaven". Tianwangfu is divided into three groups of buildings, inside and outside. The inner city is called Jinlong City and the outer city is called Sun City. In 1864, the Qing army invaded Tianjing, and the Tianwangfu was burned, leaving behind the pool and stone boat in the West Garden. After the founding of the Republic of China, it became the seat of the provisional government of the Republic of China, and the interim president Sun Yat-sen also worked and lived here, and later became the presidential palace of the National Government. The Nanjing City Wall was built in 1366 and 1386, which lasted for 21 years. The circumference of the city is 33.676 kilometers and the height of the city is 14 to 21 meters. The city base is about 2 meters wide and the top is 21 to 14 meters wide, making it the largest city wall in the world at that time. * * * There are 13 city gates, and there are 4 existing ones, among which Jubaomen (now Zhonghua Gate) is the most magnificent. The gate is 128 meters long from north to south and 118 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of 15, square meters. * * * There are 3 urn cities and 4 gates; There are also 3 Tibetan soldiers in the gate. The city gate is strong, easy to defend but difficult to attack, which is a great pioneering work of ancient military defense facilities. There are 17 tombs of the Southern Dynasties and royal tombs in the suburbs of Nanjing. Most of these tombs were erected with huge and lifelike stone carvings of beasts. Among them, the representative stone carvings are: Ningling Tomb of Liu Yuchu in Song Wudi in Jiangning County, Xiaoxiu Tomb of Liang Ancheng Kang Wang in Qixia District, Xiaowai Stone Carving of Shixing Zhongwu Wang and Xiao Hong Mausoleum Stone Carving of Linchuan Jinghui Wang. They are representative works of stone carvings in the Middle Ages, which have high historical and artistic value. Qixia temple stupa, located in qixia temple, was built in Sui Dynasty and rebuilt in Southern Tang Dynasty. The tower has five levels and eight sides, all of which are built by white stones. The tower base has two floors, which is an eight-phase diagram of the lotus pedestal and the pedestal relief. On the first floor of the tower, there are four statues of the four heavenly kings, and the stone pillars beside the doors are engraved with the Diamond Sutra. Under the cornice, an empty image of flying in the sky is carved, and two stones and one Buddha are carved on each side of each floor above the second floor, which is realistic in shape and basically intact now. Li, the founder of the Southern Tang Dynasty, is the second mausoleum of the Southern Tang Dynasty? Qin Ling and Zhong Zhu Li? Shunling is located in Zutangshan, Jiangning County. The Erling Mausoleum is more than 1 meters apart, which is a large underground palace in the south of the Yangtze River. There are three main rooms and ten ear rooms in the Qin Mausoleum. There are exquisite colored paintings and stone carvings in the tomb. The upper part is painted with the sun, moon and stars, and the lower part is engraved with rivers and mountains. There are also funerary objects such as pottery figurines and jade mourning books. Shunling has 11 large and small ear rooms, which are not as large as Qinling. Yuhuatai Martyrs Cemetery From 1927 to 1949, Kuomintang reactionaries killed thousands of revolutionaries in Yuhuatai. To commemorate them, the party and the people's government built the cemetery in 195. After 1979, the state, provinces and municipalities invested 23 million yuan, and Lu Xu built a group of martyrs' sculptures, monuments and memorial halls. Comrade Deng Xiaoping made a memorial and commemorative speech. In 1996, it was designated as a national patriotic education base by the state. Tangzi Street mural is located at No.18 Tangzi Street, which was once the official office of Yang Xiuqing, the East King of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. The two walls of the main hall, the wall panels and gables of the two halls preserve murals such as landscapes, flowers, birds, fish and insects, which have a high artistic level and national characteristics and are treasures of modern mural art in China. The Purple Mountain Observatory was founded in 1929 and completed in 1934. It is located on the Purple Mountain in the eastern suburb of Nanjing. The whole building integrates the traditional style of China with the essence of western architecture. The main buildings are the 6 cm reflecting telescope variable instrument room, meridian instrument room, large platform, equatorial instrument room, solar spectrometer room and variable instrument room. Purple Mountain Observatory is a comprehensive observatory and the cradle of modern astronomical science in China. At present, it is mainly engaged in astrophysics, astromechanics, radio astronomy and practical astronomy. Meiyuan New Village Memorial Hall was originally the office of the Chinese delegation led by Zhou Enlai during the Liberation War. In 1954, a memorial hall was established. In 1978, the memorial hall of Meiyuan New Village of the Chinese delegation was formally established. On January 8, 199, the "Nanjing Negotiation Historical Materials Exhibition Hall" was completed. On July 1 of the same year, a bronze statue of Zhou Enlai was completed. The exhibition hall is a modern building with local physics, and the group portraits of the leading members and staff of the Central Committee are carved with white marble. Since 199, Meiyuan New Village Memorial Hall has received more than 3.4 million visitors at home and abroad, and was designated as a national patriotic education base by the state in 1996.