The best food for the elderly with heart failure
1, appropriately limit the intake of protein and heat energy.
When heart failure occurs, the daily protein can be controlled at 25-30 grams, and the heat energy is 600 kilocalories; After 2 ~ 3 days, the protein can be increased to 40 ~ 50g, and the heat energy is 1000 ~ 1500 kcal. Protein and thermal energy should be gradually increased after the condition improves, but should not be too high, so as not to increase the heart load.
2, a small amount of meals.
Patients with heart disease should not overeat, and the total heat energy should be ingested 4 ~ 5 times a day to reduce gastrointestinal overfilling and diaphragm elevation after meals and avoid the increase of heart workload. Eat dinner early and lightly, and don't add food or water after dinner.
3. Eat food that is easy to digest.
Blood circulation dysfunction, gastrointestinal congestion and edema in patients with heart disease affect the digestion and absorption of food. Therefore, food should be easy to digest. Start with a liquid and semi-liquid diet, and then switch to soft rice.
4. Adequate vitamins and appropriate inorganic salts, such as vitamin B 1 and vitamin C, should be supplemented to protect myocardium.
Supplementing proper amount of calcium to maintain normal myocardial activity. Potassium has a protective effect on the heart, and it will cause arrhythmia when it is insufficient. When using diuretics, besides supplementing potassium, we should also pay attention to the supply of magnesium and zinc.
5. Limit sodium salt.
This is a more suitable method to control heart failure. In order to reduce edema, salt should be restricted, and it is advisable to take less than 3 grams a day.
Main symptoms of heart failure in the elderly
Heart failure is divided into left heart failure and right heart failure The clinical manifestations of left heart failure are dyspnea or slight activity, namely dyspnea, paroxysmal dyspnea at night, pulmonary edema, cough, fatigue, dizziness, palpitation, oliguria and renal function damage.
The clinical manifestations of right heart failure mainly include digestive tract symptoms, such as abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, dyspnea after physical activity, edema of lower limbs, depression during pressing, and jugular vein swelling.
Drugs for treating heart failure in the elderly
1, Guizhi Radix Paeoniae Rubra in Treating Heart Failure
Function is mainly used for promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, benefiting qi and dredging veins. Indications: heart failure. Symptoms include cough, excessive phlegm, cough, chest tightness, shortness of breath, cyanosis of mouth and lips, teeth marks on thin tongue and rapid pulse.
The prescription consists of 9 grams of Ramulus Cinnamomi, 65,438 02 grams of Radix Paeoniae Rubra, 6 grams of Rhizoma Chuanxiong, 65,438 02 grams of peach almond, 65,438 02 grams of Salvia miltiorrhiza, 65,438 05 grams of Semen Lepidii, 30 grams of Evergreen, Radix Ophiopogonis, Herba Houttuyniae, Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae and Herba Leonuri.
Usage and dosage: daily 1 dose, decocted with water.
According to the case verification, 52 patients in 1 group were treated with this prescription. After taking 1 ~ 2 months, the curative effect was remarkable in 23 cases, effective in 26 cases and ineffective in 3 cases, with a total effective rate of 94.2%.
2. Ginseng and aconite are used to treat heart failure.
Indications: Congestive heart failure.
The prescription consists of 9 grams of ginseng, 9 grams of prepared aconite root, 9 grams of Schisandra chinensis, 30 grams of astragalus root, 30 grams of salvia miltiorrhiza, 30 grams of Ophiopogon japonicus, 30 grams of Alisma orientale, 30 grams of Polyporus umbellatus, 6 grams of acanthopanax senticosus, 0/0 gram of Chuanxiong/kloc, and 0/5 gram of Lepidium/kloc.
Usage and dosage: decocted into ointment * * * containing * * 1 g per ml, 50m l/ day, taken orally three times,1course of treatment for 2 weeks.
Proved by cases, 30 patients were treated with this prescription. After 1 course of treatment, the total effective rate was 96.7%.
Emergency treatment of heart failure
Patients with heart disease need to pay attention to all activities, especially not to do strenuous exercise. We should often see reports on TV that people died suddenly because of a heart attack. Maybe we think this phenomenon is unlikely to happen around us, but the fact is unpredictable. We'd better all learn the first aid for heart failure. If someone encounters heart failure, we can help them immediately.
The most common rescue method for patients with heart failure is acute left heart failure induced by various reasons. Some common causes of heart failure can lead to acute heart failure. The rescue strategy generally emphasizes eight words "sitting, sucking, urinating, wheel, tube, strength and alkali".
To put it simply, the patient takes a bedside seat, inhales oxygen through an oxygen inhalation tube, applies sedatives such as * * * *, intravenously injects diuretics such as furosemide, sequentially binds limbs to reduce blood volume, applies vasodilators such as nitrates, cardiotonic agents such as digitalis and cedilanid, and applies tracheal spasmolytics such as aminophylline when necessary. Clinicians should pay attention to the inducement of heart failure attack on the basis of general treatment, and use drugs carefully in combination with the patient's medical history, incidence and contraindications. Try to relieve the patient's nervousness. If you don't go to the hospital for treatment, your condition will get worse and even die.
Rescue methods of heart failure: First, let patients calm down and reduce fear and restlessness. Oxygen can be inhaled immediately if conditions permit. When acute pulmonary edema occurs, oxygen can be inhaled through 75% alcohol solution, and the collar button and belt can be loosened. Ask the patient to take a seat, and the lower limbs hang down along the edge of the bed. If necessary, the limbs can be ligated in turn with adhesive tape. Each limb is ligated for 5 minutes, and then relaxed for 5 minutes to reduce blood back to the heart and reduce the burden on the heart. Take 2 tablets of aminophylline and 2 tablets of hydrochlorothiazide orally, limit the amount of drinking water, and immediately send the patient to hospital for treatment.
In fact, in addition to learning the methods of first aid for heart failure, you need to know a lot of first aid knowledge. As long as you master those methods, you won't panic when an accident really happens, and you can help in time. When we learn the first aid method of heart failure, we should master the correct steps and not be vague.
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