Science Trivia Body Structure (Knowledge of Body Structure) 1. Knowledge of Body Structure
The basic unit of the human body structure is the cell. Between the cells there is a non-cellular structure of the material, called intercellular matrix.
Cells can be divided into three parts: cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus. The cell membrane is mainly composed of proteins, lipids and sugars, and has the role of protecting the cell, maintaining the stability of the cell interior, and controlling the exchange of substances inside and outside the cell. Cytoplasm is the center of cell metabolism, mainly composed of water, protein, ribonucleic acid, enzymes, electrolytes and so on. There are also various organelles suspended in the cytoplasm. The main organelles are mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, centrosomes and so on. The nucleus is enclosed by the nuclear membrane, which contains the nucleolus and chromatin. Chromatin contains nucleic acids and proteins. Nucleic acids are the substances that control biological inheritance.
Nervous tissue consists of neurons and glial cells, which are highly inductive and conductive. Neurons are composed of cell bodies, dendrites and axons. Dendrites are shorter and branch like twigs, and their function is to transmit impulses to the cell body; axons are longer and their ends are nerve endings, and their function is to transmit impulses outward from the cell body
Muscle tissue consists of muscle cells. Myocytes have the function of contraction. Muscle tissue can be divided into three categories according to form and function: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle and cardiac muscle
Connective tissue consists of cells, intercellular matrix and fibers. It is characterized by a loose distribution of cells and more intercellular matrix. Connective tissue mainly includes: loose connective tissue, dense connective tissue, adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, blood and lymph and so on. They have the functions of support, connection, nutrition, defense, repair and so on.
The Belgian doctor Vesalius published the book "The Structure of the Human Body", which challenged Galen's "Trinity" theory. The Spanish physician Servette discovered the small circulatory system of blood, proving that blood flows from the right ventricle to the lungs and reaches the left ventricle through a tortuous route. The British anatomist Harvey, through a large number of animal anatomical experiments, published "Theory of the Movement of the Heart and Blood" and other treatises, which systematically explained the law of blood movement and the working principle of the heart. He pointed out that the heart is the center of blood movement and the source of power. This major discovery made him the originator of modern physiology.
[Edit Paragraph] Eight Systems
Digestive system, nervous system, motor system, immune system, endocrine system, genitourinary system, circulatory system, respiratory system
[Edit Paragraph] Chemical Composition of the Human Body
Water accounts for 65% of the body's weight. An adult weighing 70 kilograms has only 25 kilograms left after dehydration, of which 3 kilograms are carbohydrates, 7 kilograms are fats, 12 kilograms are proteins, and 3 kilograms are mineral salts.
[edit]Blood
The total blood volume of the body is about 8% of body weight. If a blood loss of more than 20% of the body's blood volume, life activities will be hindered. Healthy people, a blood loss of less than 10%, generally can be quickly recovered. A drop of blood circulates in the human body for 22 seconds.
[edit]Muscle
The human body's whole body muscle **** about 639 blocks. About 6 billion muscle fibers composed of the longest muscle fibers up to 60 cm, the shortest only about 1 mm. Large muscle has 2000 grams of weight, small pieces of muscle only a few grams. The average person's muscles make up 35-40% of their body weight. The total length of capillaries within the muscle can be up to 100,000 kilometers, which can circle the earth two and a half times.
[Edit Paragraph] Brain
The brain consists of about 14 billion cells, weighing about 1400 grams, the thickness of the cerebral cortex is about 2-3 millimeters, with a total area of about 2,200 square centimeters, and it is estimated that the brain cells die every day 1,000 to 100,000 (the more you don't use your brain, the more brain cells die). The capacity of a person's brain to store information is equivalent to 10,000 libraries with a collection of 10 million books, and the most skillful person who uses his brain only uses 10% of his brain capacity in his life. The main component of the human brain is water, which accounts for 80%. It only accounts for 2% of the body weight, but the oxygen consumption of 25% of the body's oxygen consumption, blood flow accounted for 15% of the blood transfusion volume of the heart, the blood flow through the brain in a day for 2000 liters. The energy consumed by the brain is equivalent to about 25 watts of electrical power.
2. Intermediate Science Introducing Human Body Structure Lesson Plan
Teaching Objectives
1. Let the children recognize the parts of the body and understand their roles.
2. Learn to use the limbs to show movements.
Activity Preparation
1, toy dolls. 2 wall chart.
Activity process
1, show the toy doll, guide children to observe its body composition.
Such as: dear children, I would like to ask, do you recognize your own body? Know what roles your body have? I have a toy doll here, let's observe and talk about the parts of the body at the same time, okay?
2, the teacher concluded: Oh, the original composition of our body has so many parts, our hands can be used to hold things, my legs can be used to walk, our eyes can see things, our nose can smell things, our ears can be used to listen to, our mouth can be used to eat or talk, our body is not very interesting it?
3. Through the game, guide children to use body movements to show.
Such as: in fact, our body can play, can exercise, but also can talk? Children please look at the teacher with their own body speech, I want to do waving arm movements, which means "hello! Do clap your hands and say "welcome"
4. Encourage children to do it together, and invite individual children to try body speech.
3. Structure and function of the human body
General human structure and function: cells, basic tissues, the motor system, digestive system, respiratory system, blood, vascular system, urinary system, reproductive system, sensory organs, the nervous system, the endocrine system, energy metabolism and body temperature, embryonic development.
i. The basic unit of human structure is the cell: between the cells there is a non-cellular structure of the material, called intercellular matrix. Cells can be divided into three parts: cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus.
The cell membrane is mainly composed of proteins, lipids and sugars, there is to protect the cell, to maintain the stability of the cell interior, control the role of material exchange inside and outside the cell. The cytoplasm is the center of cell metabolism, mainly composed of water, protein, ribonucleic acid, enzymes, electrolytes and so on.
The cytoplasm is also suspended in a variety of organelles. The main organelles are mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, centrosomes and so on.
The nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear membrane, which contains the nucleolus and chromatin. Chromatin contains nucleic acids and proteins.
Nucleic acids are the substances that control the inheritance of organisms: Cells and intercellular matrix make up the basic structures called tissues. There are four major categories of tissues in the human body: 1. Epithelial tissue: including the epidermis, mucosal epithelium, vascular endothelium, pleura and peritoneum, etc., with the function of protection and secretion.
2. Connective tissue: a wide variety of types, structural diversity, and complex functions, some for the flow of liquid, such as blood, lymph, etc., mainly play a nutritive role; some play a role in connecting and scaffolding, such as bone, ligaments. 3. Muscle tissue: according to the morphology, function and location of the different can be divided into three kinds: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle.
4. Nervous tissue: is the main component of the nervous system, composed of nerve cells and glial cells. Nerve cells, also known as neurons, can feel the internal and external environment *** and conduct excitation, is the basic unit of the structure and function of the nervous system.
Transglial cells support, protect and nourish neurons. The structural unit that can perform certain functions is called an organ, which is composed of a variety of tissues.
The organizational and structural characteristics of the organ correspond to its function. We are generally more likely to notice some intuitive organs with a concentration of tissues.
For example: eyes, ears, nose, tongue and other sensory organs. Then: internal organs heart, liver, lungs, stomach, kidneys and so on.
Quite a few organs are easily overlooked and not considered as organs. For example, any piece of skeletal muscle, skin, etc.
Vital organs are the organs that sustain life in the body. A person can die very quickly if the vital organs in the body are not fully functioning.
The main life-sustaining organs are: the brain, which controls and coordinates respiration, heartbeat, hormone production, sensory reception, muscle movement, etc. the heart, which carries oxygenated and nutrient-rich blood throughout the body, supplying all tissues and organs the lungs, which respire and oxygenate the blood, and the liver, which removes waste products from the blood and carries them to the bladder. other digestive and excretory organs are necessary for long term life support. Other organs responsible for digestion and excretion are necessary for long-term sustenance. However, there are many people who survive without their kidneys, spleens, intestines, etc., but of course they need the help of machines.
The structure of organs arranged in a certain order to perform one or more physiological activities is called a system. The human body*** has eight systems: the motor system, the nervous system, the endocrine system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, and the reproductive system.
These systems are coordinated, so that a variety of complex life activities in the body can be carried out normally. The role of the eight systems: First, the motor system: the motor system consists of bone, cartilage, joints and skeletal muscles.
Playing the role of support, protection and movement. Second, the nervous system: the nervous system consists of neurons, is composed of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system throughout the body.
In the body plays a leading role; on the one hand, it controls and regulates the activities of organs and systems; on the other hand, through the analysis and synthesis of the nervous system, the human body responds to the changes in the environment, and achieves the unity of the human body environment. Third, the endocrine system: the endocrine system consists of a variety of glands.
Through the secretion of different hormones (androgens, estrogens, insulin, adrenaline) on the whole body's growth, development, metabolism and reproduction play a regulatory role. Fourth, the circulatory system: the circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels.
It will be absorbed by the digestive system of nutrients and oxygen absorbed by the lungs to the tissues and cells of the organs of the whole body, and at the same time their metabolites and CO2 transported to the kidneys, lungs, the skin out of the body. To ensure that the body's metabolism constantly.
V. Respiratory system: consists of the respiratory tract and lungs. Inhalation of fresh air, through the exchange of gas in the alveoli, so that the blood gets oxygen and exclude Co2.
Six, the digestive system: there are oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine and other components. It is the function of digestion and absorption of food.
For the body's needs of the bookstore and energy. Seven, the urinary system: composed of kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra and so on.
Discharge excess water and metabolites or toxins in the body. VIII. Reproductive system: produces germ cells and reproduces offspring.
4. I am now in urgent need of fourth grade science lesson plan body structure (textbook edition)
1, the structure of the body I. Teaching objectives: scientific concepts: 1, the human body can be divided into four parts according to the appearance of the characteristics of the head, neck, torso, limbs, and if according to the different things to do the human body will also have a different structural division.
2, the external features of the human body can be directly observed, the internal features can be observed with the help of some tools. Process and method: 1, to be able to apply the touch, hand pinch, listening and other observation methods and combined with experiential activities to understand the internal structure of the body.
2, according to the different purposes of observation, to be able to choose the observation methods appropriate to it. Emotional Attitude and Values: 1. To be able to distinguish between imagination and actual observation in the observation activities of the human body to ensure the authenticity of the observation activities.
2, interested in exploring their own bodies, feel the beauty of the human body structure of the delicate and harmonious. Second, the focus of teaching: what parts of the body is composed of, as well as recognizing the symmetry of the body's left and right features.
Third, the teaching difficulties: observation of the body's internal organs. Fourth, the teaching preparation: blank paper, magnifying glass, ruler, the basic structure of the human body map.
V. Activity process: (a) the introduction: the animal's ability and their physical characteristics. 1, raise the question: everyone knows that frogs are capable of catching insects, why are frogs good at catching insects? Why is the eagle able to catch the clever mouse? Why can the woodpecker eat pests in the trunk? 2, show the video tape: the frog's eyes, hind legs, tongue with the characteristics of good at catching insects, skin color with camouflage to protect themselves; eagles have a hard and crooked beak, as well as sharp claws, suitable for capturing mice; woodpecker's beak pointed suitable for pecking hidden in the trunk of the bugs, the claws of the two toes in front of the two toes in the back, suitable for grabbing the trunk of the tree.
3, summary: the animal's skills and their physical characteristics have a relationship. 4, lead to the subject: what are the skills of people? Why do people have skills like this? Today we come to observe their own bodies.
(2) Observe the human body. 1, observe the shape of the body.
Our body consists of which parts? (Let the students observe that the human body can be divided into head, neck, trunk, limbs, several large parts, but also allows students to further divide these large parts into smaller parts. Such as the trunk can also be divided into chest, abdomen, shoulders, waist, hips, back, etc.) 2, the human body is symmetrical.
(1) Teachers ask the question: If you start from the top of the head, through the tip of the nose to draw a line, the human body is divided into left and right parts, found what? (Students answer that the human body is symmetrical. Here students are asked to specifically say how symmetrical.
Through the discussion, students clear: the left and right side of the human body, the eyes, ears, nose, upper limbs, lower limbs and other parts of not only the size, length, thickness, color, shape and location are the same, that is, one-to-one correspondence) (2) Let the students personally experience the body symmetry of the benefits of this structure. Activities: ① experience with two eyes to see, than with one eye to see a wide range of activities: ② let the students experience two eyes than with one eye to see accurately; activities: ③ let the students first two hands to tie the red scarf, followed by one hand to tie the red scarf, let the students experience two hands than one hand to do things conveniently and flexibly; activities: ④ let the students experience if the two feet are not the same length, bending down, up the steps, steering would be very inconvenient, the body is also not easy to maintain balance. If the two feet are not the same length, it will be very inconvenient to bend down, go up the steps and turn around.
(These activities are lively and interesting, and make students realize the superiority of the symmetry of our body organs. Of course, from the outside of the human body, there are many structural features, but for elementary school students to observe a certain degree of difficulty, inconvenient to observe, so also focus on the body of the left and right symmetry of this feature.
From the teaching situation, the choice of this observation, not only in line with the level of students, and the choice of experiential activities, convenient and easy to do, everyone can participate, students are very interested, but also make the classroom atmosphere is very active.) 3, observe the inside of the body.
(1) Teachers use to solve the game of the dark box to introduce (breakthrough difficulties). Teachers to prepare a kraft paper bag, there is a plastic bottle, the bottle contains half a bottle of water, in addition to other items such as clamps, clocks and other items.
Teachers let the students think of ways to speculate on the items inside, and say their reasons for such guesses. The students finally guessed what was inside by touching, pinching, shaking, and listening.
Then the teacher showed a picture of a human body painted on the outline of the appearance of the human body, told the students that the human body is like the paper bag, outside the skin wrapped, can not see the inside, let the students think of ways to speculate on what is inside. At this time, the students' thoughts opened up, came up with a lot of good ideas: ① Some say, with the ears can hear the heart beat, so you can know the location of the heart; ② Some say, the arm curled up, you can feel the bulging muscles; ③ Some say, when talking, have a hand to touch the larynx, you can feel the vibration of the vocal cords; running after the chest together with the volatility of the lungs, you can know that there is; ④ Some said that after eating a full meal, the place is bloated stomach; ⑤ Some say, after eating a full meal, the place is the stomach; ⑤ Some say, the place is the stomach; ⑤ Some say, after eating a full meal, the place is the stomach. The place is the stomach; ⑤ Some say that when you are hungry, your stomach rumbles, and this may be the intestines; ⑥ Some say that if you pinch down hard, you can feel the hardness, and that's the bone; ...... Finally, let the students synthesize and imagine what the inside of the human body looks like based on the information that you have obtained by looking, touching and listening. (What's under the skin, what's under the muscle, what's wrapped around the bone, and how the blood vessels and nerves are distributed ......) 4. How the body works: using the students' familiar physical activities, let the students in the experience of the activities, the use of bubble charts to the activities of multiple body parts **** the same participation in the situation.
Thinking: if divided according to the type of work of the body, we are more late at night quiet can how to look at the composition of the human body? (C) the extension of the lesson. Question: walking upright is one of the important features that distinguish people from other animals, please consult the information to understand what kind of structural features the human body has, so that it can walk upright? (D) homework with board design: observe our body head, neck, trunk and limbs.
5. The human body consists of what organs
The structure of the human body is very complex, human beings so far have not been able to make a detailed interpretation of its structure. Traditional medicine can only explain the composition of organs from the five viscera and six bowels of these large organs, the more complex cellular organs, can not make a complete description. Since biology has entered the molecular level, the development of a great momentum, giving the life sciences can not *** vitality and prospects, and gradually open the veil on the mystery of life, the essence of life may be able to get from the level of atoms and molecules, from the laws of physics and chemistry to be explained and illustrated.
It is impossible for the average person to grasp the full knowledge of this subject, but it is necessary to understand its basics in order to update our concepts and strengthen our health consciousness.
The study of molecular biology is characterized by the combination of the molecular level and the cellular level, the whole level and even the group level, which provides the most important knowledge for the interpretation of the phenomenon of life, and the theory that the cell is the basic unit of life, which establishes a new concept of "all the key issues of biology must be found in the cell" for the life sciences. The concept of the cell.
We can see the complexity of the human organism just by looking at the structure of the cell.
We know: organisms are composed of "cells", in recent years, human cognition of the cell has made many breakthroughs for the deciphering of the mystery of life, extending the life of the extremely important scientific basis, so that the human life from the cytological point of view has a new understanding: *** and the egg, once combined, the beginning of the cell division, which is divided into two, divided into two, divided into four, four is divided into Eight - has been divided into 3 trillion cells, the new life will come to the world peacefully; after the birth of the baby many cells will continue to divide, which is the growth process of life, has been divided into about 60 trillion cells, the human body on the development of maturity; human life cell metabolism more than 50 times, that is to say, every day, 60 million cells to be newly synthesized. To synthesize 60 million new cells to meet the body's metabolic needs.
Cells by the cell membrane, cytoplasm, cell nucleus and other organs Zeu composition, the cell nucleus has 23 pairs of **** 46 chromosomes, which contains about 3, 50,000 genes, dominated by the human 3 billion units of genetic information, this information and the person's appearance, features, character, physical fitness, intelligence, genetic disorders, fat, thin and pathology, etc. have a close relationship.
We now know that the cell is small, but its structure is very fine, and now people can apply the electron microscope to observe the structure of the cell and a variety of organs, for example, the hepatocyte is composed of the cytosol, the cytoplasm (containing matrix and many organelles) and the nucleus. And the organelles are composed of mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (rough and smooth), lysosomes, Golgi apparatus, microsomes, inclusion bodies and drinking vesicles. Among them, mitochondria: a double-membrane structure in the shape of a circle, ellipse and pestle-and-stick, with a constant degree of 1.0 micrometers to 5.0 micrometers and a thickness of 0.25 micrometers to 0.7 micrometers. Each hepatocyte can have 1,000 to 2,000 mitochondria, which store more than 70 kinds of enzymes and coenzymes, such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT, once glutamic transaminase that is GPT, referred to as aminotransferase), cellular respiratory enzymes and adenosine triphosphate and so on. The metabolism of the three major nutrients of sugar, fat and protein ingested by the human body is carried out in the mitochondria, and can produce a large amount of energy required by the human body, so it is known as the "power station" for energy supply. When hepatitis or systemic hypoxia, mitochondria are the earliest and most sensitive victims, and the result causes biochemical dysfunction such as elevated aminotransferases.
This is general knowledge for your reference!
6. What is the structure of the human body composed of
What is the human body composed of a?
First, there is the physical body. Every person has a body, usually we often say that the limbs of the five senses, five viscera and six bowels is actually the human flesh of the visualization of the description. The human body is composed of certain material elements in accordance with a certain percentage. Flesh is the basis for human survival. Without the flesh, the human body naturally does not exist.
Secondly, every human being has the power of thinking, that is, the ability to think. With the ability to think, people can recognize the world, acquire knowledge, and enrich their lives. The ability to think is the commander of one's speech and behavior.
Once again, it is the life force that everyone has. Vitality can be seen as the comprehensive ability of various physiological functions within the human body, such as digestive function, absorption function, hematopoietic function, blood circulation function, nerve function and so on. Each function is both self-contained and closely related to other functions.
Usually, we often use the expression "spirit and flesh" when we speak and write, in fact, "spirit and flesh" in the "spirit" should include the power of thought and the vitality of two parts. In fact, "spirit" in "spirit and flesh" should include both the power of thinking and the power of life. This way to understand the "spirit", the connotation of the spirit is more real, you can eliminate its feudal superstition color.
The human body can be divided into two systems: internal and external. All contact with the external world of perception organs can be defined as the external system, such as eyes, ears, nose, hands, feet. The internal system includes the five viscera and six bowels, the nervous system, the lymphatic system, the blood circulation system, etc.
So what are the characteristics of the power of thought and the power of life?
The role of the thinking force is to dominate the outside and regulate the inside. It presides over the body's reflection and response to external things and directs the external behavior of the limbs and five senses. It is the conscious behavior that is the main and the superconscious behavior that is the supplement. Conscious behavior is subordinate to the behavior of human ideology, to be more specific, is to think and do behavior. For example, a person's walking behavior, first of all, want to walk, followed by the domination of the feet to walk. The behavior of a person's external system is subordinate to the domination of his or her ideology. What each person thinks and does in a day is also basically governed by the behavior of consciousness. If a person's thinking power malfunction, even if he has a normal physical body, thinking power can not work properly, he can not be considered a normal person, such as: dementia, stupid, all kinds of mental illness.
The role of vitality and the power of thinking is just the opposite, is the main internal main, regulating the external as a supplement. It presides over the operation of various organs and systems in the human body, and dominates the metabolism of substances in the human body. It is the superconscious behavior (or unconscious behavior) that is primary and the conscious behavior that is secondary. When a person has eaten food into his stomach, he never thinks about it again. No one talks to the stomach or intestines and tells them how they should be digested and absorbed. It is not used at all! The digestion and absorption of food in the body is completely unconscious or superconscious. Those who have a little knowledge of physiology know that the heart is the blood-supplying organ and the bone marrow is the blood-producing organ, but no one gives instructions to the heart or the bone marrow as to how they should supply blood and how they should produce blood. They are functioning superconsciously, contributing silently to man. Take the growth of nails for example, it may be that the material components that make up the nails are not complex, but who knows, exactly through how many organs and functions in the body, the numerous material elements in the food are digested, absorbed, categorized, differentiated & transported to the fingertips, and turned into nails that grow out evenly?
If we understand it this way, we can explain some other common phenomena. For example: almost everyone has a cold and flu and cause nasal congestion, he felt very uncomfortable, and can not wait to use a pass through a pass through a pass through a pass through a pass through a pass through a pass through a pass through a pass through a pass through. However, not all day long you think of letting the nose through it will pass, because "think" is only your conscious behavior, and cold and flu is an upper respiratory tract infection, is the respiratory system's function temporarily out of the question, that is, a part of the life force problems, and the life force is basically not subject to the consciousness of man, so by Therefore, it is not possible to think by "thinking". For example, in the case of a premature heart attack, the heart will stop beating at intervals, and the patient will want to keep the heart from stopping, but for the same reason, the heart won't pay attention to the patient's "wanting" and will stop as it should.
If we can understand the structure of the human body in this way, we can further explain the similarities and differences between qigong and modern medicine.
7. Scientific knowledge
1. The use of iodized salt. Iodine is an essential nutrient, long-term iodine deficiency can lead to iodine deficiency, consumption of iodized salt is the most simple, economical and effective way to eliminate iodine deficiency. Iodized salt contains sodium chloride and potassium iodate, the human body needs iodine is potassium iodate, and potassium iodate by heat, light, unstable and easy to decompose, thus affecting the human body on the intake of iodine, so frying should pay attention to: add salt should wait for the fast out of the pot, and do not long time stewing and stir-frying.
2, tofu can not be cooked with spinach. Calcium oxalate is a precipitate that cannot be absorbed in the body. Spinach, onions, bamboo shoots are rich in oxalic acid, sodium oxalate, tofu contains more calcium salts, such as calcium sulfate and other components. The above substances can undergo a complex decomposition reaction to produce calcium oxalate precipitate and other substances. From the medical point of view: spinach, onions, bamboo shoots, etc. Do not and tofu at the same time mixed consumption, will generate calcium oxalate precipitation, is the cause of stone; from the point of view of nutrition, mixed consumption will destroy their nutrients.
3, aluminum on human health hazards. Aluminum has been considered non-toxic elements, and thus aluminum drinking utensils, aluminum-containing fluffy agent baking powder, water purification agents are used in large quantities. But in recent years, research has shown that aluminum can disturb the body's metabolism, long-term slow harm to human health, the toxicity caused by the slow and not easy to detect, however, once the metabolic disorders of the toxic reaction will have serious consequences. Prevention of aluminum poisoning, life should pay attention to (1) to reduce the entrance way of aluminum, such as eating less doughnuts, treatment of gastric drugs as far as possible to avoid aluminum hydroxide agents. (2), less food aluminum products packaging food. (3), the use of aluminum products in moderation, to avoid prolonged contact between food or drinking water and aluminum products.
4, fruit why can solve the alcohol, this is because the fruit contains organic acids, for example, apples contain malic acid, citrus contains citric acid, grapes contain tartaric acid, etc., and the main ingredient of wine is ethanol, organic acids can interact with ethanol to form ester substances to achieve the purpose of alcohol. By the same token, vinegar can also relieve alcohol because vinegar contains 3--5% acetic acid, acetic acid can be esterified with ethanol to generate ethyl acetate.
5, frying should not burn the oil to smoke, oil at high temperatures, easy to generate a polycyclic compounds, vegetable oil containing unsaturated fatty acids, more likely to form polycyclic compounds, experiments have proved that polycyclic compounds are easy to induce bladder cancer in animals. Generally, the oil will be burned to boiling on the line, the oil "angry" can be removed.
6, why the sea water "red tide". In recent years, China's Bohai Bay and other offshore waters, there has been a large area of red tide, people call this phenomenon "red tide". Red tide is not a tidal phenomenon, not like the "black tide" is the movement of the sea current, but a red plankton in the ocean under certain conditions overpopulation of biological phenomena. Why can plankton overpopulate? It turns out that a large number of wastewater into the ocean, waste water, as well as the exchange of atmospheric substances into the ocean, some of which contain nitrogen, phosphorus and other elements, belonging to the growth of essential plant nutrients. As a result, plankton reproduces in large quantities, which makes the sea put on a "red dress". In order to prevent the phenomenon of red tide in the ocean, we should control the nitrogen and phosphorus-containing wastes, such as phosphorus-containing laundry detergent wastewater discharged into the ocean, in order to maintain the ecological balance of the ocean.
7, the acidity and alkalinity of food. Research has found that eating more alkaline food can keep the blood alkaline, so that the blood lactic acid, urea and other acidic substances to reduce, and can prevent its deposition in the blood vessel wall, so there is a softening effect of blood vessels, so some people call alkaline food as "blood and blood vessel cleaner. Generally speaking, rice, flour, meat, fish, eggs and other foods are almost all acidic food, while vegetables, fruits, milk, yams, potatoes, soy products and aquatic products are alkaline food. Pay attention to scientific diet, improve food structure, strengthen physical exercise, and develop good living habits, vascular sclerosis can be expected to be delayed and reversed. There is a close relationship between the acidity and alkalinity of body fluids and IQ level. In the body fluid pH allows the range, acidic high IQ is lower, alkaline high IQ is higher. Scientists tested dozens of boys between the ages of 6 and 13, and the results showed that children with a pH of body fluids in the cerebral cortex greater than 7.0 had IQs as much as twice as high as those with a pH of less than 7.0. Certain children with poor academic performance and lower levels of intellectual development tend to be more acidic.