Electrophoresis is an indispensable and important analytical tool for molecular biology research. Electrophoresis is generally divided into two categories: free interface electrophoresis and zone electrophoresis. Free interface electrophoresis does not require support, such as isoelectric focusing electrophoresis, isokinetic electrophoresis, density gradient electrophoresis, and microelectrophoresis, which are seldom used at present. Zone electrophoresis, on the other hand, requires various types of substances as supports, and commonly used supports include filter paper, acetate fiber film, non-gel support, gel support and silica gel-G thin layer, etc. The most commonly used in the field of molecular biology is agarose gel electrophoresis. The so-called electrophoresis refers to the movement of charged particles in the electric field, different substances due to the different charges and molecular weights, so the movement speed in the electric field is different, according to this feature, the application of electrophoresis can be qualitative or quantitative analysis of different substances, or will be a certain mixture of component analysis or a single component extraction and preparation, which is of great significance in the clinical examination or experimental research. The electrophoresis instrument is designed and manufactured based on the above principle.