English famous ganoderma lucidum
Alias ganoderma lucidum, fungus ganoderma lucidum, wood ganoderma lucidum.
Sweet and flat in nature. Heart, lung, liver and kidney meridians. Indications: fatigue, cough, asthma, insomnia, dyspepsia, malignant tumor, etc. Animal pharmacology shows that Ganoderma lucidum has inhibitory effect on nervous system, circulatory system has the function of lowering blood pressure, enhancing myocardial contractility, and has expectorant effect on respiratory system. In addition, it has the functions of protecting liver, improving immune function and resisting bacteria.
The source is the dried fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum. Former France. ) karst. Or China Ganoderma lucidum Zhao, Xu and so on. Harvest all year round, remove impurities, cut off the lower stems with dead wood, sediment or culture medium, and dry them in the shade or dry them at 40 ~ 50℃. It is a mushroom parasitic on the roots of oak trees and other broad-leaved trees. Umbrella-shaped, hard, wooden, with kidney-shaped or semi-circular cap, purple-brown and lacquer luster. It is distributed all over the country. Recently, artificial culture has appeared, and the morphology of the culture has changed, but the curative effect is the same.
Composition:
Ganoderma lucidum contains ergosterol, and the organic acids are ricinoleic acid and fumaric acid. In addition, it also contains amino acids, glucose, polysaccharide, resin and mannitol. Ganoderma lucidum generally has alkaloids, sterols, lactones, coumarins, acidic resins, amino acids, oils, reducing substances and other reactions.
Pharmacology:
According to animal experiments, it has sedative and analgesic effects on mice. It can improve the cold tolerance and hypoxia tolerance of mice and delay the death time of mice. Ganoderma lucidum as the main component, together with Atractylodes macrocephala, Notoginseng Radix, Ligusticum Chuanxiong and other traditional Chinese medicines, can significantly improve the survival rate of animals, help animals get through the extreme period of radiation sickness, and make white blood cells recover earlier. Irradiated animals can stimulate their appetite and improve their mental state after taking Ganoderma lucidum. Normal people take 20 grams of Ganoderma lucidum orally, which can reduce the heart rate.
Types and indications
Clear fat: Aron fat, sour, flat and non-toxic. Improving eyesight, nourishing liver, calming nerves and enhancing memory.
Ganoderma lucidum: a kind of Danzhi, which is bitter, flat and non-toxic. Relieve the stagnation of the chest and stomach, tonify the middle energizer and replenish qi, and make people conscious.
Huang Zhi: A Jin is sweet, flat and non-toxic. Benefiting spleen and stomach and calming nerves.
White matter: the famous Yu Zhihe Su Zhi is pungent, flat and non-toxic. Cough relieving, lung benefiting, tranquilizing, and strengthening physical strength.
Heizhi: A Xuanzhi, salty, flat and non-toxic. Benefiting waterways and kidney qi.
Mu Zhi is sweet, mild and nontoxic. Benefiting essence and qi, strengthening bones and muscles, benefiting joints and treating fatigue.
treat cordially
Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica lists Ganoderma lucidum as the top grade, saying that Zizhi is "responsible for deafness, benefiting joints, keeping essence, strengthening bones and muscles, and looking good." Long-term use will not get old. " It is said that Chizhi is "responsible for the knot in the chest, benefiting the heart, reinforcing the middle and increasing wisdom, not forgetting, eating for a long time and prolonging life." In recent years, the research on Ganoderma lucidum has mushroomed, and there are many clinical reports, which can be summarized as follows:
(1) Treatment of chronic bronchitis: take Lingzhi tablet three times a day, each time 1 tablet (the content is equivalent to 0.5g crude drug), or use Ganoderma tincture (20% concentration) three times a day, each time 10ml (the daily dosage is equivalent to 6g crude drug), generally1tablet.
(2) Treatment of bronchial asthma: Children are given intramuscular injection of 1 ~ 2ml (each ml contains crude drug 0.5 ~ 1g) for about 1 month.
(3) treatment of leukopenia. 52 cases of leukopenia caused by various factors such as chemistry, physics, drugs and chronic diseases were treated. The recent effective rate was 84.6%, and the average white blood cell count rose to 1.028/ cubic millimeter. 10 ~ 20 days is a course of treatment.
(4) Treatment of coronary heart disease: The remission rate of angina pectoris, precordial distension or tightness is about 72%, and the improvement rate of palpitation and shortness of breath is about 65%. More than half of the patients reported that their appetite, sleep and spirit improved during taking the medicine, and lowering blood triglycerides had a good effect. Clinical trials show that Ganoderma lucidum can effectively dilate coronary artery, increase coronary artery blood flow, improve myocardial microcirculation and enhance myocardial oxygen and energy supply. Therefore, it has a protective effect on myocardial ischemia and can be widely used to treat and prevent coronary heart disease and angina pectoris. For patients with hyperlipidemia, Ganoderma lucidum can significantly reduce blood cholesterol, lipoprotein and triglyceride, and can prevent the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. For people with atherosclerotic plaque, it can reduce the cholesterol content of arterial wall, soften blood vessels and prevent further injury. It can also improve local microcirculation and prevent platelet aggregation. These effects have good preventive and therapeutic effects on various types of strokes.
(5) Treatment of arrhythmia: In the process of treating coronary heart disease with Ganoderma lucidum, it was found that while coronary heart disease improved, the accompanying arrhythmia also improved and disappeared, so Ganoderma lucidum injection was used to treat various arrhythmias and achieved certain results.
(6) Treating acute viral hepatitis is more effective than traditional "liver-protecting" drugs. In addition, it is also used to treat atrophic gastritis and malignant tumors.
(7) Anti-neurasthenia. Ganoderma lucidum recorded in traditional Chinese medicine can "soothe the nerves", "increase wisdom" and "never forget" It is reported that Ganoderma lucidum preparation has obvious curative effect on neurasthenia and insomnia, and the total effective rate is as high as 87. 14% ~ 100%. Generally, after 10 ~ 15 days, it has obvious curative effect, which is characterized by improved sleep, increased appetite, increased weight, reduced or disappeared palpitation, headache and dizziness, refreshed spirit and enhanced memory. Patients with deficiency of both qi and blood have better curative effect. Therefore, Ganoderma lucidum has a strong regulatory effect on the central nervous system, and has the effect of calming the nerves. It is an essential product for patients with neurasthenia and insomnia. In the national pharmacopoeia, Ganoderma lucidum is an effective drug for sleeping and calming the nerves.
(8) Treating diabetes: The principle of lowering blood sugar by Ganoderma lucidum is to promote the utilization of sugar by tissues. After taking Ganoderma lucidum, it can replace insulin to inhibit the release of fatty acids and improve symptoms such as blood sugar and urine sugar. Blood sugar decreased from 173 to16, cholesterol decreased from 233 to 179, and β protein decreased from 580 to 465. The water-soluble polysaccharide in Ganoderma lucidum can reduce the incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Ganoderma lucidum health food produced by Numata Kenji in Japan has been widely used to treat diabetic patients.
(9) Anti-allergic effect: When the body is attacked by an antigen, resulting in hyperimmunity and various allergic reactions or immunopathological damage, Ganoderma lucidum can inhibit the hyperimmunity and maintain the stability of the body itself. Experiments show that Ganoderma lucidum can block the release of allergic reaction medium and prevent allergic reaction, so it is difficult to treat allergic or autoimmune diseases at present. Such as allergic asthma, lupus erythematosus, hyperthyroidism, allergic rhinitis and various intractable skin diseases. , can play a very good role, and can partially resist the side effects caused by long-term use of hormones in some patients with diseases.
It can be seen that the diseases treated by Ganoderma lucidum are mostly senile, intractable and degenerative diseases.
Take (a drug)
Usage and dosage: 6 ~ 12g.
[Neurasthenia] Ganoderma lucidum syrup (about 30%) 20 ml, twice a day. (or 6 ~ 9g of Ganoderma lucidum, decocted in water).
[Hypertension] 6 ~ 9 grams of Ganoderma lucidum, decocted in water.
[Persistent hepatitis] 6 grams of Ganoderma lucidum and 4.5 grams of licorice are decocted in water.
[Chronic tracheitis] 9 grams of Ganoderma lucidum, 6 grams of Radix Adenophorae and Radix Glehniae each, 9 grams of lily, decocted in water.
[Allergic asthma] Ganoderma lucidum 16g, Pinellia ternata 3g and a half, perilla leaf 6g, Magnolia officinalis 3g, Poria 9g, rock sugar decoction, two to three times a day.
[Allergic rhinitis] Ganoderma lucidum decocts thick soup, filters and drips nose frequently.
Pay attention to two points when taking it:
(1) oral grinding or soaking in wine, 2 ~ 3g each time. In modern times, it is often changed to tablets, 3 ~ 4 capsules each time, 3 times a day, or injection or intramuscular injection, 1 ~ 2 times a day. Don't overdo it, because experiments show that taking it in large quantities will cause side effects and kill animals.
(2) Long service time. If you treat a disease, it usually takes more than 1 month; If you want to prevent aging and prolong life, take it for more than 3 months, stop taking it for 3 months, and then take it intermittently, the effect will be good.
How to identify ganoderma lucidum
(1) Ganoderma lucidum powder is light brown, brown to purple brown. The hyphae are scattered or clustered, colorless or light brown, slender, slightly curved and branched, with a diameter of 2.5 ~ 6.5 μ m, brown spores, oval shape, flat top, colorless outer wall, warty inner wall, 8 ~ 12 μ m long and 5 ~ 8 μ m wide. The cultivated Ganoderma lucidum is uniform in color, shape and size, and has a kidney-shaped, semi-circular or nearly circular cap. The cover surface is yellow-brown to reddish-brown, the cover edge is light yellow-brown, with concentric annular bands and grooves, longitudinal wrinkles and shiny surface. However, wild ganoderma lucidum has different colors, shapes and sizes, and its surface has no obvious luster.
(2) Take 2g of Ganoderma lucidum powder, add 30ml of ethanol, heat and reflux for 30 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate, add 2ml of methanol to dissolve, and take the residue as the test solution. In addition, 2g of Ganoderma lucidum reference medicinal material was taken and made into reference medicinal material solution by the same method. According to the thin-layer chromatography test (Appendix ⅵ b), absorb 4μl of the above two solutions, respectively spot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, and use the upper solution of petroleum ether (60 ~ 90℃)- ethyl formate-formic acid (15:5: 1) as the developing agent, unfold, take out, dry and place it in an ultraviolet lamp (. In the chromatogram of the test sample, fluorescent spots with the same color appear at the positions corresponding to the chromatogram of the control medicinal materials.
(3) There are 108 species of Ganoderma, including Ganoderma, Ganoderma, Ganoderma and Ganoderma. Not every ganoderma lucidum is effective. General pharmaceutical companies choose Ganoderma lucidum, which is divided into 32 kinds. People who buy ganoderma lucidum should be careful to identify them. It is dark brown and odorless. Ganoderma lucidum: The shape is umbrella-shaped, the fungus cover is kidney-shaped, semi-circular or nearly round, the diameter is10 ~18cm, and the thickness is1~ 2cm. The shell is hard, yellowish brown to reddish brown, shiny, with annular ribs and radial wrinkles, and the edge is thin and flat, often slightly rolled in. Mushroom meat ranges from white to light brown. Petiole is cylindrical, lateral, slightly eccentric, 7 ~ 15 cm long, 1 ~ 3.5 cm in diameter, reddish brown to purple brown, shiny. Spores are small and yellowish brown. The smell is slightly fragrant and bitter. Zizhi: The skin is purple and black, and it has the same luster as paint. Mushroom meat is rusty brown. Stem length 17 ~ 23 cm.
Fresh ganoderma lucidum can be eaten directly, but its shelf life is short. After harvesting Ganoderma lucidum, remove the sediment and dust on the surface, dry it naturally or in the sun, and control the moisture below 65438 03%, then pack it in a sealed bag and store it in a cool and dry place. Ganoderma lucidum in bulk on the market should be washed and eaten before use. Keep it in a dry place to prevent mildew and moth.
Cultured ganoderma lucidum
Ganoderma lucidum sold in the market, potted maintenance is very simple, and it does not need watering and fertilization, nor does it need to see the sun or rain and dew. It only needs to wipe the surface of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body with a wet cloth every few days to wipe off the tiny dust attached to it and restore its original bright color. Sometimes in order to increase the freshness and brightness of the surface of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body, it can also be wiped with vegetable oil, such as walnut oil and rapeseed oil, which can make it look brighter. If you are interested, you can go to the flower market and buy a pot for indoor display. You don't have to think about maintenance, but you must pay attention to the fact that after a long time, there will be moths on the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum, which can be disinfected once every/kloc-0 to 2 years.