The stomach is located in the upper left part of the abdominal cavity, most of it in the left quarter ribs and a small part in the upper abdomen. It is connected to the lower end of the esophagus at the top and to the duodenal bulb at the bottom. The connection with the esophagus is called cardia, and the connection with the duodenal bulb is called pylorus. The stomach traverses the upper abdomen from left to right under the left diaphragm. Variations in the shape, size, and position of the stomach depend on body type, position, wall tension, distensibility of the stomach, and the presence or absence of compression of the stomach by neighboring organs. When the stomach contents are emptied they may be completely concealed by neighboring organs, when the stomach is full most of the anterior wall of the stomach is in contact with the diaphragm, and a portion of the anterior wall of the gastric body is in direct contact with the anterior abdominal wall. The mobility of the stomach is also great, and its position changes with body position, diaphragmatic movement, intrathoracic pressure and intra-abdominal pressure, such as deep inhalation the stomach can drop several centimeters, and the position of the stomach can be shifted upward when the abdominal pressure increases.
The stomach can be divided into four parts: the part into the cardia is called cardia; from the cardia plane to the left upper part of the expansion is called the fundus of the stomach, neonatal and pediatric fundus is not obvious; the middle of the stomach for the body of the stomach; into the pylorus part of the pylorus (also known as the gastric sinus), that is, by the angular notch to the great curvature of the stomach to the right side of the expansion of the great curvature of the stomach to make a line for the pyloric part. The pyloric part of the greater curvature side often has a shallow groove called the middle groove, this groove can be divided into the pyloric part of the left pyloric sinus and the right pyloric tube, the pyloric tube is about 2 to 3 cm long, terminated in the pylorus. Here, the following anatomical landmarks can be applied clinically: the side of the stomach near the anterior abdominal wall is called the anterior wall of the stomach, the opposite side is called the posterior wall of the stomach, the anterior wall of the stomach and the posterior wall of the stomach is connected to the upper edge of the stomach called the small curvature of the stomach, and the lower edge of the stomach is called the greater curvature of the stomach, the small curvature of the stomach in the pylorus away from the 2.5 to 3 centimeters, there is a concave trace of the angle of the stomach called gastric horn or gastric angle cut.