can I eat fruit?
First of all, it is not appropriate to avoid fruits completely, because fruits contain a lot of vitamins, cellulose and minerals, which are beneficial to diabetics. The sugars contained in fruits are glucose, fructose and sucrose, among which fructose does not need insulin to participate in metabolism. Therefore, diabetics should not reject fruits after their blood sugar has been controlled.
Furthermore, the sugar content in fruits is different, and the condition of diabetes is also different, so we should not treat them equally. We should distinguish the situation:
Not all diabetics can eat sweet fruits, only patients with stable condition and basically controlled blood sugar can eat them. Generally speaking, patients whose fasting blood sugar is below 7.8 mmol/L (14 mg/dl), blood sugar is below 1 mmol/L (18 mg/dl) 2 hours after meals, and glycosylated hemoglobin is below 7.5%, who are in stable condition and don't often have hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia, can choose fruits with low sugar content and sweet and sour taste under the guidance of nutritionists. For some patients with high blood sugar and unstable condition, only vegetables and fruits with sugar content below 5%, such as strawberries, tomatoes and cucumbers, can be selected.
which fruits can be selected
The basis for diabetics to choose fruits is mainly based on the sugar content and starch content in fruits and the glycemic index of different fruits.
recommended selection: fruits with sugar content less than 1g per 1g of fruits, including cucumber, watermelon, orange, grapefruit, lemon, peach, plum, apricot, loquat, pineapple, strawberry and cherry. This kind of fruit can provide 2-4 kilocalories per 1 grams.
Choose carefully: fruits with sugar content of 11-2g per 1g of fruits, including bananas, pomegranates, melons, oranges, apples, pears, lychees and mangoes. This kind of fruit can provide 5-9 kilocalories per 1 grams.
unfavorable selection: fruits with sugar content higher than 2g per 1g of fruits, including red dates and red fruits, especially dried dates, candied dates, dried persimmons, raisins, dried apricots and longan, and preserved fruits should be forbidden to eat. Fresh fruits with a particularly high sugar content, such as red Fuji apples, persimmons, Laiyang pears, Feicheng peaches, cantaloupes, rose grapes, winter dates and yellow peaches, are also not suitable for eating. This kind of fruit provides more than 1 kilocalories per 1 grams.
Many vegetables can be eaten as fruits, such as tomatoes, cucumbers and melons. The sugar content per 1 grams of food is below 5 grams, and it is rich in vitamins. It can completely replace fruits, is suitable for diabetics and can be popularized.
How much fruit to eat every day
is part of the diabetes diet. The energy produced per 1 grams of fresh fruit is about 2-1 kilocalories. Strictly speaking, how much fruit is suitable for each patient to eat every day should be calculated by nutritionists. But in general, patients with stable blood sugar control can eat about 15 grams of fresh fruit with low sugar content every day. If you eat 2-25 grams of fresh fruit every day, you should subtract 25 grams (half a second) from the staple food for the whole day, so as not to exceed the total energy for the whole day.
when is it good to eat fruit
it is best to eat fruit between meals, when you are hungry or after physical activity, as a supplement of energy and nutrients. Usually you can choose around 9: 3 am, 3: 3 pm, or 1 hour after dinner or 1 hour before going to bed. It is not recommended to eat fruit immediately before or after meals, so as to avoid excessive carbohydrate intake at one time, which will lead to high blood sugar after meals and increase the burden on the pancreas.
everyone's specific situation is different, and each fruit has different effects on blood sugar. It is very helpful for patients who have a blood glucose meter at home to test their blood sugar or urine sugar before eating fruit and 2 hours after eating fruit to know whether they can eat this fruit or not. It is well known that diabetics "taboo" foods with high sugar content. Is that sweet and tender fruit to eat or not to eat? You can eat it, but you have to eat it with "technical content".
if you eat fruit, you must reduce the staple food. Convert the calorie of fruit into the total calorie intake of patients in one day. Take eating 2 grams of fruit a day (one or two fruits of medium size) as an example, it is suggested to reduce the staple food by 25 grams, so as to ensure the calorie balance of the whole day. That is, the heat of fruit is exchanged equally with other foods, and the heat cannot exceed the standard due to eating fruit. At the same time, for diabetics, the main premise is to eat less fruit and never eat a lot. Eating a lot may lead to a rapid increase in blood sugar, and if the blood sugar lasts for a long time, it will increase the burden on the pancreas.
The time for eating fruit is very particular, so it is forbidden to eat before and after meals, especially when having a dinner in public or serving fruit bowls after meals. It should be eaten as a "meal" or an hour before going to bed. "Extra food" means eating fruit between two meals, such as 9-1 am and 3-4 pm, and can also be directly used as extra food, which not only prevents hypoglycemia, but also keeps blood sugar from fluctuating greatly.
if you eat it with dinner, it will affect insulin secretion and metabolism, thus destroying its activity. Therefore, for patients who want to eat fruit and control their blood sugar, they should make scientific and regular meal time for their fruit meals.
Eat more fruits with low sugar content to reduce the burden on the pancreas
Watermelon, apple and kiwifruit have low sugar content, so doctors prefer to recommend these fruits to diabetic patients, because they can reduce the burden on the pancreas, help them absorb rich vitamins, minerals and pectin, and balance their diet.
Many trace elements in it are also very helpful to improve the insulin activity in diabetic patients.
The fruits with high sugar content are
bananas (including bananas and plantains), pineapples, grapes, sweet oranges (rich in vitamins, but high in sugar), etc. It is worth pointing out that litchi, a representative fruit in South China, is a controversial fruit. Litchi seed can lower blood sugar, but eating in moderation is helpful to treat diabetes, which is a traditional Chinese medicine. However, many people think that litchi is too sweet and sugary to be suitable for diabetic patients, so there are many individual differences caused by litchi, and patients are better to eat it selectively according to different people. In addition, red dates are also very high in sugar.
Self-test blood sugar or urine sugar for two hours before and after eating fruit
Although there is a public opinion on the level of sugar, similar to the litchi debate, the individualization of patients is very different. Some people may eat fruits with low sugar content, but their blood sugar rises rapidly. Therefore, fruits with low sugar content can only be recommended, and they still have to test and grope for their own fruits. She advocates that patients eat under the condition of controlling blood sugar, that is, measuring blood sugar or urine sugar fluctuation two hours before and after eating fruit, so that they can grasp whether they can eat certain fruits.
She said that if you don't have high blood sugar or low blood sugar frequently, you can choose more fruits. However, if your blood sugar fluctuates greatly or is abnormal, you should temporarily avoid eating. You must control your blood sugar before you consider enjoying fruits.