Planting method of ginger
1, strictly select land and avoid continuous cropping: select sandy loam, loam and clayey loam with rich soil, deep soil layer, good air permeability and strong water and fertility conservation. It is required that the field is slightly higher in terrain, convenient for irrigation and drainage and difficult to accumulate water. Ginger is not suitable for continuous cropping, but should be rotated with rice, cruciferous and leguminous crops for 3~4 years.
2. Select ginger seeds to promote early growth: choose old ginger with plump ginger pieces, bright skin color, fresh meat, hard texture, 1~2 strong buds, weighing 50-75g and no disease as the seed ginger. Soak ginger in 500 times solution of 50% carbendazim for disinfection before sowing. After the ginger is disinfected, it should be dried for 2-3 days. When the surface of the ginger is shiny, it can be piled up, covered with straw for heat preservation and germination, and the temperature should be controlled at 20-25℃. When the ginger buds grow to 1 cm, they can be planted.
3, timely sowing, reasonable close planting: good irrigation conditions, high temperature, and no germination, sowing in the season of fright; No irrigation conditions and low temperature, and need to accelerate germination, before and after Qingming Festival or Grain Rain seasonal sowing. Sowing is carried out by drilling, the row spacing is 35 ~ 40cm, the spacing between plants is 26 ~ 30cm, the ditch depth is10 ~ 20cm, and the seeds used are about 500kg per mu. Use/kloc-0.5 kg urea and 25 kg compound fertilizer as seed fertilizer per mu, and put the fertilizer into the ditch and mix it with the soil evenly. Before sowing, pour bottom water about 1 hour to moisten the soil. Put the ginger pieces horizontally in the ditch to keep the direction of the buds consistent, and gently press them into the mud with your hands to cover the fine soil about 5 cm.
4. Apply sufficient base fertilizer and topdressing scientifically: Ginger has a long growth period, so the principle of applying sufficient base fertilizer and topdressing for many times should be adopted. When preparing soil, 3000 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizer and 25 kilograms of potassium fertilizer are used as base fertilizer per mu. When the seedling height is about 30 cm and 1~2 branches, topdressing 1 time fertilizer, applying 20 kg urea per mu, or watering the seedling with clear manure water; Before and after beginning of autumn, 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer and 25 kilograms of potassium sulfate were applied per mu, and they were applied in ditches about 15 cm away from the plant base, covered with soil and irrigated; When the underground rhizome swells, apply urea 10~ 15 kg and potassium sulfate 15~20 kg per mu.
5. Shading to cool down and promote growth: Ginger is a shade-loving plant, which is not resistant to high temperature and strong light, so it should be shaded during summer growth to promote growth. There are many shading methods, such as building a shed to shade, or intercropping with corn, a tall stalk crop.
6. Prevent drought and waterlogging, and cultivate the soil in time: Ginger is not resistant to drought and waterlogging, and has strict requirements on water. It is advisable to keep the soil moist during the growing period. During the high temperature period in summer, it is better to water it in time, especially in the morning and evening. In rainy days, the accumulated water in the field should be removed in time to reduce the occurrence of ginger blast. In order to prevent the rhizome from sticking out of the ground, the epidermis from thickening and the quality from deteriorating, it is necessary to cultivate the soil. Generally, it is combined with watering and fertilization for 2~3 times, and each time it is about 3 cm.
7, do a good job in pest control: diseases mainly include rot and spot disease. Rot disease usually starts in July, and the peak period is August-September. When the diseased plants are found, they should be pulled out in time, the soil with germs should be dug up, lime should be sprinkled in the diseased holes, and clean sterile soil should be used for landfill. Spraying 800-fold solution of 50% chlorothalonil every 7 7~ 10/day 1 time at the initial stage of spot disease. The main pests are ginger moth and ginger maggot, and trichlorfon or phoxim is used for foliar spraying control.