Urticaria is a common skin and mucous membrane vascular reactive disease caused by many different reasons, clinically characterized by limited, temporary, itchy erythematous spots and wind masses on the skin and mucous membranes. The pathogenesis can be immune (most commonly IgE-mediated type I allergic reactions) and non-immune. Common causes of urticaria include (1) foods and additives; (2) drugs; (3) infections; (4) animals, plants, and inhalants; (5) physical factors; (6) visceral diseases; (7) psychiatric factors; and (8) genetic factors. There are many specific types categorized by etiology.

Symptoms

1. The rash is a windswept, flushed spot of varying size and shape. It often occurs suddenly, in batches, and then fades rapidly after a few hours, leaving no trace after fading. However, it can be repeated; 2. Conscious itching, can be accompanied by abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and chest tightness, palpitations, dyspnea, a few have fever, joint swelling, low blood pressure, shock, laryngeal edema asphyxiation symptoms, etc.; 3. Duration of the disease varies, the acute urticaria course in less than 1 month; more than 1 month for chronic; 4. Skin scratch test is positive in some cases; 5. Clinical special types: (1) protein The report of urticaria is the antigen-antibody reaction caused by the absorption of protein report directly through the intestinal mucosa; (2) cold urticaria can be divided into familial cold urticaria and acquired cold urticaria, which is physical urticaria caused by cold; (3) heat urticaria can be divided into two kinds of acquired and hereditary, which appears in the area of contact after contact with hot water; (4) cholinergic urticaria, which appears in the area of contact after contact with hot water; (4) cholinergic urticaria, which appears in the area of contact after contact with hot water; (5) cholinergic urticaria, which appears in the area of contact after contact with hot water. urticaria, induced by heat, stress and exercise, mostly seen on the trunk and proximal limbs, the rash is a 1-2mm size of a furuncle, surrounded by a red halo; (5) solar urticaria, female onset is more frequent, the onset of exposure to sunlight, the rash is confined to the exposed area; (6) pressure urticaria, in the heavier and longer pressure 4-6 hours after the onset, the pressure site appears (6) Compression urticaria, which develops after 4-6 hours of heavy and prolonged compression, with diffuse, edematous and painful plaques appearing at the site of compression; (7) Water urticaria, which causes small itchy masses around the pores after exposure to water and sweat; (8) Serum sickness urticaria, which is caused by the reaction of antigen-antibody complexes induced by exposure to alloantibody sera, vaccines, drugs, etc., with the clinical manifestations of fever, skin rashes, arthritis, and lymphadenopathy; (9) Autoimmune luteinizing hormone urticaria, occurring in the premenstrual and midmenstrual period, is caused by luteinizing hormone.

1. Remove or avoid all suspected causes as far as possible;

2. Internal antihistamines, corticosteroids if there are systemic symptoms, or symptomatic treatment;

3. Desensitization of allergens that check for a positive allergen test;

4. Antimicrobials can be used if there is an infection but not for a long period of time to avoid developing a Dependence;

5. Chronic cases can be tried closed therapy, autologous blood therapy, acupuncture therapy, oxygen therapy, tissue therapy, sweating expectorant method;