In the Dictionary of Kinship Addresses edited by Bao Haitao and Wang Anjie, it is clearly pointed out that Jiao Min, < ; Fang > ; Grandma. Hunan dialect (Changsha dialect). The Dictionary of Changsha Dialect compiled by Bao Houxing and others has comprehensively collected the names and explanations of the girls, and there are always girls, uncles, aunts, aunts and aunts.
[Ai 33 tsie] (1) Grandma: His aunt is seventy years old this year; (2) Honorary terms for elderly women: Zhang Mian/Li Er Mian/Yi Man Mian.
[Lao Mao] lau 41ai 33 tsie (1) great-grandmother; (2) Used as a title of respect for older women.
[uncle] Shu 24 AI 33 Tsie's great aunt.
[auntie] i 13 ai33tsie's aunt, my father's uncle.
[Aunt] ku33 ai33tsie, my father's aunt.
The above five appellations can be summarized into two meanings: 1, grandmother; 2. Honoring old women.
Specifically, compared with Hakka dialect, Xiang dialect has several outstanding features:
(1) You can add your name in front of Yan, such as:
In order to catch a car thief, 69-year-old Zou Mian stood in front of a speeding motorcycle. Even if the thief stepped on the gas pedal and rushed at her, she didn't flinch, and finally tripped the thief and his car to the ground with her body. The thief was caught by the villagers who arrived later and turned over to the police station.
-"The seventy-year-old woman stopped the motorcycle to catch the thief."
Another example is:
Party member, an old man in the community, and Li Chenzhi, who is over 70 years old, took the lead in adopting this public green space and took his family to maintain it regularly.
-Harmonious People's Livelihood in Hunan: Sunshine Events in Zero Distance Communities, Hunan Workers' Daily
(2) Sort can be added in front of Yan, such as:
Mian, which means grandma in Changsha dialect. In the food street at the south gate, the two most famous things are four-legged crayfish and five-legged stinky tofu.
-Yuan Ye pastoral "Changsha on the tip of the tongue-snacks at the south gate"
⑶ Uncle, aunt, etc. can be added before Yan (see above).
The above three usages are similar to those of Hakka women, such as: Ximeipo, Dabo Po, Xibopo, Sanpo, Sipo, Bobo, Uncle Po, Aunt Po and so on.
(4) You can call your mother. Li Yongming pointed out in Hengyang Dialect that ai45t i33 is the face-to-face address of your mother in the old school Hunan Dialect. Another example is:
Bai Qiao called her mother to be a mother ... I don't know why I called her so. Anyway, I called my grandmother a mother, too, so I followed suit. When I was a child, my father taught in other places, and Bai Qiao lived with her mother. She often listened to her mother's stories about her youth and the educated youth in the countryside.
-"Happy Family"
The main meanings and usages of sister in Hakka dialect are:
(1) grandmother's face or back (common);
(2) Honoring old women (common);
(3) address your grandmother; For example, Wu Ping called her grandmother a grandmother and called her sister. In some places in Hakka, grandma is called elder sister, and grandma is called elder sister.
Hejie in Hakka dialect can be used alone under certain conditions, but it is generally not used in Hunan dialect.
In Hakka dialect, as a morpheme used in word formation, it can only be used alone under special circumstances.
(1) It is generally used in grandfather (parents) or mother (mother) and rarely used alone. You can't say that you are a child, but you can only say that you are a child (mother).
⑵ Only under special circumstances can it be used in the calling language, such as the sad song when the mother died.
I can use it alone under the following circumstances:
(1) the grandmother's face and back;
(2) the grandmother's face and back;
(3) The names of mothers, such as Ningdu, Jiangxi Province, call the mother Sister [t ia3], Shangyou, Nankang area is called Elder Sister [t lia3l 3], among which there are always affixes;
A single elder sister can only be used if she is close (face to face); It can also be used as a back name, such as you are a sister and so on.