Loquats are not strict about soil selection. They can grow normally on any soil, but sandy, gravelly loam or clay with deep soil, loose soil, and rich in humus is better. However, loquat is most afraid of water accumulation. When cultivating it on flat ground, it is necessary to prevent water accumulation and root rot. It is better to choose those with lower groundwater levels. Before planting, build piers or dig deep trenches to ensure good drainage.

Loquat growth environment requirements 1. Moisture

Loquat is an evergreen fruit tree with a subtropical climate. It has lush branches and leaves and needs more rainfall and moist gas to grow and bear fruit. Loquat has shallow rhizomes and is not resistant to drought. Insufficient soil moisture content will cause a lot of dead leaves, prevent the fruit from being plump, and the meat texture will not be very good. The annual precipitation is usually stipulated to be 1500-3000mm, and the distribution is moderate.

2. Lighting

Loquat requires light. Light is beneficial to fruit growth and can advance the maturity period, improving quality and color. During the fruit expansion period, if it rains continuously and the sun is not enough, the fruit flavor will become lighter, the color will be poor, the maturity will be delayed, and the chances of fruit cracking and fruit drop will increase.

3. Wind

The loquat trunks are lush, the leaves have grown up, and the aboveground parts are heavier than the underground parts. In addition, the rhizomes are shallow, there are few thick roots, and the soil fixation is poor, so it is very Easily blown down by wind. Therefore, when planting loquats, you should avoid air outlets or set up windbreaks.

4. Soil

Loquats have a wide adaptability to soil and can usually be planted in soil. However, the soil is thick, the soil is loose, the soil is rich in organic matter, and it has strong water and fertilizer retention. It is best not to accumulate water easily.

Loquat planting time Loquat planting time is generally from February to March and September to October every year. The planting survival rate in these two time periods will be relatively high.

Loquat planting method. A good planting time will save farmers a lot of unnecessary time. If the weather after planting is extremely bright or rainy, it is not conducive to the survival of transplanted seedlings, which is more suitable for loquat seedlings. The planting time is probably around May, and you need to choose a time period when the weather is cloudy.

Let the loquat seedlings have a suitable growth environment to adapt to the place where they have just been moved. It is acceptable if the light temperature is not very high, but cloudy and rainy days must be avoided.

Loquat planting steps and illustrations 1. Soil selection

First of all, you should choose a place with convenient transportation to build a garden. Loquat has strong adaptability to soil, but it is still deep and fertile. Slightly acidic soil with an H value of around 6-6.5 is best.

2. Planting of seedlings

1. Planting time. Loquats should be planted in spring in order to avoid freezing damage in areas with cold winters. Most areas in the south have warm winters and can be planted from September to March of the following year, but October to November is the best.

2. Seedling treatment. Before planting, seedlings must be soaked with fungicides such as carbendazim for 15-30 minutes, and the seedlings should be soaked to more than 10 cm from the grafting interface. This is one of the key measures to improve the survival rate. Plant in mud. Loquat leaves have large transpiration capacity. When planting, 1/2-2/3 of all leaves should be cut off, and all young shoots should be cut off. Spray water on the leaves 3-4 times a day.

3. Planting density. For short and dense early orchards, planting can be carried out according to several methods: 13 meters or 1.52 meters between rows (222 plants planted) and 23 meters (111 plants planted per acre).

4. Planting methods. When planting, the roots should be evenly distributed, and the soil should be pressed into the soil in layers, so that it just covers the root neck, and the root neck should be 10-20 cm higher than the surrounding ground. Then build a soil ridge around the plants, and pour root-fixing water in the soil ridge. Water 20-25 kilograms per plant. It must be watered thoroughly. This is the key to improving the survival rate of the seedlings.

3. Fertilization

Loquats are evergreen fruit trees with lush leaves and flowers, and require more fertilizer than deciduous fruit trees. It should be used in combination with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Juvenile trees mainly use nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, while adult trees use potassium fertilizers. Fertilization time must be determined based on shoot and root growth.

4. Orchard intercropping, deep plowing, drainage and irrigation

Bean crops, vegetables, strawberries, etc. can be intercropped between rows in young loquat gardens. However, it is best to plant green manure, cut it and cover it in the tree tray from April to August.

Press it into the garden when fertilizing or expanding holes and improving soil in autumn. It can not only fertilize the soil, but also keep the soil moist in summer and lower the ground temperature, which is beneficial to plant growth.

Covering the tree disk in winter will help loquat survive the winter. In winter, the entire garden is plowed once, preferably to a depth of 10-20 cm.

Key points of loquat high-yield planting technology: Before harvesting the fruit, timely heavy fertilization is the guarantee for the next year's loquat yield. The amount of fertilizer applied this time accounts for 50% of the annual fertilizer amount. Each adult tree should apply 5kg of decomposed cake fertilizer. 0.25kg of urea, 50kg of human and animal manure, 100kg of composted manure, and 2kg of phosphate fertilizer.

How to cultivate loquats to grow quickly? The main purpose of fertilizing saplings is to promote the growth of the trees. At this time, there is no need to consider the factors of fruit growth and development, so as to maintain the soil with no shortage of nutrients throughout the year. Generally, fertilizer can be applied evenly in 5-6 times throughout the year. Most of them use decomposed human feces and water mixed with water, with a concentration of 10%-30%, and 10-20kg of fertilizer and water per plant.

Precautions for loquat cultivation. Summer pruning can not only quickly restore the tree's vigor, but also stimulate the germination of summer shoots and ensure bumper harvests year after year. Summer pruning should be completed within 10 days after picking the fruit. New shoots can germinate after pruning. If pruned too late, the drawn summer shoots will not fully mature, thus hindering the formation of flower buds and reducing the yield of the next year.

For dense branches, cross branches and overlapping branches, thin pruning is generally the main method, leaving only 2 strong branches on each branch; the pruning of leggy branches should be based on their location. If space is available, heavy cutting is required to extract the fruiting mother branches or reserve them as preparation branches. The long branches should be thinned out from the base.

For strong-growing fruiting mother branches, no pruning is required. For weak fruit-bearing mother branches, 3-4 leaves should be left at the base and then short-cut and used as preparation branches. When pruning, remove the weak leaves and leave the strong ones.

For adult trees with closed crowns, the large upright branches in the middle should be thinned out to improve light conditions and promote the germination of hidden buds in the middle and lower parts of the crown to achieve three-dimensional results. All branches, diseased and insect-infected branches, etc. should be thinned out; for aging trees, the main branches and auxiliary branches should be cut off year by year to achieve full tree renewal within 2-3 years.