Auricularia auricula is a kind of auricularia auricula. Because it grows on rotten wood, it looks like a human ear and is black or brown-black, so it is named auricularia auricula, also known as auricularia auricula and tree chicken. This product can be used as both food and medicine. Auricularia auricula originated from the fruiting body of Auricularia auricula, Auricularia auricula or Auricularia auricula, and mostly parasitized on the dead branches of mulberry, oak, elm, poplar and locust. It used to be wild, but now it is mostly cultivated artificially. As early as ancient times, our ancestors seemed to realize that auricularia auricula was edible when looking for food to satisfy their hunger. The understanding of its medicinal value was at the latest before the Han Dynasty, and the earliest existing pharmaceutical monograph in China, Han Shu Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing, recorded its medicinal value. The book belongs to the mulberry root white pimp: Auricularia auricula can "replenish qi, not be hungry and keep fit"; And the cloud mulberry ear black person, "the master daughter leaks red and white juice, blood disease, abdominal cavity accumulation, yin pain, yin and yang cold and heat, childless." (Chinese medicine refers to the disease of caking in the stomach. Editor's note) "The five ears mentioned above include today's black fungus, and mulberry ear black is one of today's black fungus. Materia Medica of past dynasties, such as the records of Liang famous doctors in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, dietotherapy materia medica in the Tang Dynasty, compendium of materia medica in the Ming Dynasty and contemporary Chinese materia medica, are all discussed. Indications and curative effects Chinese medicine believes that auricularia auricula, as a kind of food, is sweet and light, and can be seasoned at will according to personal preferences to make various delicious dishes; As a medicine, it is a rare tonic. Although slow, but not greasy and impetuous, it can be used for a long time. According to Chinese Materia Medica, auricularia auricula is sweet in taste and flat in nature, and belongs to spleen, lung, liver and large intestine meridian. Indications: Qi deficiency and blood deficiency, lung deficiency, chronic cough, hemoptysis, hemorrhoid bleeding, metrorrhagia, irregular menstruation, traumatic injury, etc. Modern research Contemporary medical scientists have conducted in-depth and systematic research on auricularia auricula from the aspects of medicinal chemistry, pharmacology and clinical application. Modern experimental studies have proved that the components and pharmacological effects of Auricularia auricula parasitized on different decaying wood or substrates are different. Generally speaking, Auricularia auricula mainly contains protein, fat, lecithin, sphingomyelin, vitamins and inorganic components such as calcium, phosphorus and iron, and has a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as anticoagulant, antithrombotic, immune function promotion, blood lipid regulation, anti-atherosclerosis, hypoglycemic, anti-aging, anti-ulcer, antifungal and so on. These studies not only provide powerful medicinal and pharmacological basis for its traditional efficacy, but also create extremely favorable conditions for further rational application and development research. There are many prescriptions for preventing and treating diseases with auricularia auricula. I'll give you a few for you to choose from. If you are not sure whether you can take the following prescription, please consult your local Chinese medicine doctor or dietitian for guidance; If you feel unwell after taking one of the following prescriptions, you should stop using it immediately and go to the local hospital. Some prescriptions use brown sugar, white sugar and rock sugar, which should be reduced or reduced when diabetics take them, so as not to aggravate the original diabetes. ● Angiosclerosis and coronary heart disease: 5 grams of auricularia auricula, soaked in clear water for one night, steamed 1 hour, with appropriate amount of rock sugar (or not), taken before going to bed and continuously eaten; Or added to dishes, jiaozi or steamed stuffed buns for long-term consumption. ● Anemia: 30 grams of auricularia auricula and 30 pieces of red dates, which can be taken after being cooked, and can also be seasoned with brown sugar. ● Hemorrhoid bleeding constipation: 6 grams of black fungus and 30 grams of persimmon, cooked together and eaten at will. ● Menstruation, dripping profusely, reddish leucorrhea: black fungus is baked and ground, 3-6g each time, twice a day, and brown sugar water is taken. ● metrorrhagia (equivalent to functional uterine bleeding): 60 grams of auricularia auricula, decocted in water, 60 grams of brown sugar, twice a day. ● Postpartum weakness, cramp and numbness: Auricularia auricula 30g, soaked in aged vinegar, taken 5-6 times, 3 times a day. Heartburn caused by hyperacidity should not be taken. ● Fundus hemorrhage: 3-6 grams of auricularia auricula, 5 grams of rock sugar, appropriate amount of water, simmering soup, taken before going to bed 1 time. Every day 1 time, 10 days is 1 course of treatment. Auricularia auricula is a tonic with mild efficacy, and should only be used for daily health care of people with mild symptoms or sub-health. In a serious emergency, it should be used in combination with other drugs or as a therapeutic aid. In addition, Auricularia auricula is not easy to digest, and it has a certain intestine-sliding effect. It is contraindicated for people with spleen deficiency and dyspepsia or loose stool. It is forbidden for people who are allergic to this product and similar fungi. Is grass called mountain in Compendium of Materia Medica? Young tea is a precious grass formula in Penghu. Because of the climate and pollution-free soil in Penghu, it is very suitable for the growth of elephant grass. Xiangru grass is a wild weed growing in Penghu. Xiangru tea is called Penghu Qingcao tea, which is dried and boiled into soup and used as daily drinking water by ordinary people. sweet ......

Where does auricularia grow?

Its growth and development need sufficient oxygen. Therefore, it is very necessary to keep the air circulation fresh in the breeding places.

What area is suitable for planting auricularia auricula?

Auricularia auricula is suitable for the south. Auricularia auricula is suitable for most parts of Northeast China, close to the origin of raw materials, with large temperature difference between day and night, preferably in Changbai Mountain area and large and small Xing 'an Mountains forest area.

Where does auricularia grow? Specifically, the growth process

Auricularia auricula belongs to saprophytic mesophilic fungi. Mycelia can grow at 6 ~ 36℃, but 22 ~ 32℃ is the most suitable. 15 ~ 27℃ can differentiate into solid, but 20 ~ 24℃ is the most suitable. Lushi County, Henan Province takes Lushi Auricularia auricula as its geographical protection product because of its good natural environment. Mycelia can grow in culture medium and sawdust with water content of 60% ~ 70%. When fruiting body is formed, the water content of Auricularia auricula is above 70% and the relative humidity of air is 90% ~ 95%. Mycelia can grow normally in the dark, and the light intensity of 250 ~ 1000 LX is needed in the growth period of fruiting body. For aerobic fungi, pH 5 ~ 5.6 is the most suitable. There are many cultivation methods of auricularia auricula, such as wood cultivation and plastic bag cultivation.

Artificial cultivation of Auricularia auricula originated in China around 600 AD. It is the earliest cultivated edible fungus variety in the world, with a history of 1400 years. In the Tang Dynasty, the villagers in Daba Mountain, Micang Mountain and Longmen Mountain in northern Sichuan all used the method of "cutting flowers with logs" to grow auricularia. This primitive planting method lasted for thousands of years. In Qing Dynasty, auricularia auricula was also planted in Changbai Mountain in Northeast China and Funiu Mountain in Henan Province. When deciduous trees are cut down for three or nine days in winter, auricularia auricula spores naturally reproduce. The output is extremely low. From 65438 to 0955, Chinese scientific and technological workers began to cultivate solid pure strains of Auricularia auricula, and invented the method of punching and inoculating wood segments, which greatly improved the yield of Auricularia auricula cultivated in wood segments. But after two or three years to complete a cycle, the absolute output is still not high. Each high-quality wood segment with a length of 1m and a diameter of 10 ~ 13cm only produces Auricularia auricula100 ~150g in three years, and the yield is often reduced due to natural disasters. So far, this method has only been popularized in a few ear farmers in forest areas.

1. Seed production: there are sawdust strains and branch strains, the former is made of sawdust and wheat bran. The latter is cut into branches with a length of 1.5cm and a diameter of 1cm, added with nutrients such as sucrose and rice bran, bottled, autoclaved, inoculated with mother seeds, cultured at 25-28℃ for 1 month, and the mycelium can grow in the bottle. 2. heartwood preparation: heartwood should be prepared after the cultivation site is selected. Commonly used species of auricularia are Araliaceae and Betula platyphylla. Select spike trees with DBH of 10 ~ 12 cm, cut them into sections with length of 1 ~ 1.2 m, brush the sections with fresh lime, and then dry them in the sunny place. 3. Inoculation: The tools used for inoculation should be disinfected with ethanol in advance. First put on the ear wood; Use electric drill to drill holes with vertical depth of 1.5cm, and the hole spacing is 7cm. If sawdust is used, the holes should be filled and the prefabricated bark should be covered tightly. After the mycobacteria are inserted into the inoculation holes, hammer them tightly to make them flush with the cross-sectional surface of wood without pores. 4. Planting management: pile the fungus first, and pile the fungus inoculated with fungus into the shape of "well" or "mountain". The suitable temperature in the reactor is 20 ~ 28℃ and the relative humidity is about 80%. It takes 3 ~ 4 weeks in the south and 4 ~ 5 weeks in the north. When hyphae have extended to xylem and produced a small number of spikes, they should be piled up in time. 5. Scattered pile arrangement: generally, it is laid flat, and one or both ends of spike wood are erected with sleepers, which are neatly arranged on the cultivation field and can be erected after about 1 month. Generally, herringbone frame method is adopted for erection. First, bury two wooden stakes with forks, leaving 70cm high on the ground. A crossbar is placed horizontally on the fork day, and the ear wood stands obliquely on both sides of the crossbar. It is herringbone, with a spacing of 7cm and an angle of about 45. The angle of auricularia auricula can be larger in sunny days or new days, and smaller in rainy days or every other year. 6. Heading management: It is necessary to adjust the temperature, humidity, light and ventilation conditions of the cultivation site during the erection stage, but the management center is the problem of water. It's best to have a light rain every three days and a moderate to heavy rain every half month. In case of drought, water should be sprayed manually to solve the problem of dryness and wetness, and the relative humidity should be kept at about 90% ~ 95%. Water spraying should be carried out in the morning and evening.

Plastic bag ground planting

This technology has changed the history of producing auricularia auricula by wood, and made auricularia auricula cultivation move from forest area to field. Auricularia auricula planted in plastic bags are made of sawdust and straw, and packed in plastic bags, each bag contains 0.5 kg of dry materials. After sterilization, inoculation and bacterial culture, it is placed in fields and orchards. The technology of cultivating Auricularia auricula in plastic bags has greatly expanded the cultivation raw materials and area of Auricularia auricula, greatly shortened the production cycle, returned to the natural cultivation mode, and realized natural pollution-free, which is more conducive to large-scale, mechanized and standardized production and has broad development prospects. The cultivation of auricularia auricula in plastic bags was successfully invented by Chaoyang Edible Fungi Research Institute of Liaoning Province, and was listed as "National Key Promotion Plan of Scientific and Technological Achievements" and 1994 "August 7th". ......

Which trees grow fungus?

Yes, very bold. Almost all plants of Salicaceae and Ulmaceae can grow, but Ulmus pumila (also known as Ulmus pumila) has the best quality and taste.

Where do fungi grow? With pictures

There are many kinds of auricularia auricula trees for cultivation. Mainly select FAGACEAE and betulaceae tree species, such as Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, Quercus acutissima, Castanopsis carlesii, Quercus acutissima and so on. In addition, Pterocarya stenoptera, Liquidambar formosana, Ulmus pumila, Sophora japonica, willow, mulberry, Platanus acerifolia and Ficus microcarpa are also commonly used tree species in production areas.

When and where can I find Nostoc commune?

Solanum nigrum: also known as Auricularia auricula, lichen, Auricularia auricula, Geotrichum candidum, Pleurotus eryngii, Polygonum cuspidatum, sweet potato peel, etc. , is a combination of fungi and algae, generally growing in dark and humid places, dark black, a bit like soft black fungus. Physalis alkekengi is rich in protein, vitamins and minerals such as phosphorus, zinc and calcium. Scientists studying in Weizmann, Israel, found that a component contained in Lycium barbarum can inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase in human brain, thus producing therapeutic effect on Alzheimer's disease. Ground food is a delicious food, which is most suitable for making soup. Unique flavor, can also be cold or stewed, but also cool food.

Gynostemma pentaphyllum has a wide range of survival and is very adaptable to temperature. From the cold Antarctic to the hot desert, from the snow-capped mountains over 5000 meters to the places where volcanic lava flows, it can survive and multiply. Strong drought tolerance and low requirements for soil. Many places where even grass is difficult to grow can flourish. Even if it has been dormant for decades, it will revive as soon as it meets water. Moreover, Physalis likes calcium and is an indicator plant of calcareous soil. Limestone karst areas, northern loess areas and other calcium-rich areas have a large number of growth. In desert grassland and other areas with high calcium content and little pollution, the biomass is considerable.

Compendium of Materia Medica explains that Pleurotus ostreatus belongs to Auricularia auricula, which looks like Auricularia auricula. Sweet, cold and non-toxic, improving eyesight and benefiting qi. Modern medical research shows that Pleurotus ostreatus is sweet and cold, clearing heat and cooling blood, and assisting in lowering blood pressure. Pleurotus ostreatus is an ideal dish for modern families and hotels.

Ground vegetables are rare, but after heavy rain, they often appear on unpolluted mountain grasslands. Therefore, it is often called meteorite or star jelly abroad, but it is mistaken for falling from the sky. Traces can be seen on the riverbank, and it is best to pick them after the rain. The restaurant operator named the lover's tears as a very delicious dish. The aborigines call it the tears of God.