Colitis, also known as nonspecific ulcerative colitis, has a slow onset and varies in severity. The main clinical manifestations are diarrhea, abdominal pain, mucous stool and purulent bloody stool, acute diarrhea, constipation and constipation, and inability to defecate for many days. Sometimes diarrhea and constipation are often accompanied by emaciation and fatigue, and often recur. Abdominal pain is usually dull pain or colic, often located in the left lower abdomen or lower abdomen. Other manifestations include loss of appetite, bloating, nausea, vomiting and hepatomegaly. There may be tenderness in the left lower abdomen, and sometimes spasmodic colon may be touched.

Principles of medication in the treatment of colitis

1, properly supplement liquid and electrolyte, and supplement vitamin B and calcium. Take iron preparation and folic acid to treat anemia. Patients with severe illness, frequent diarrhea and severe malnutrition can be given gastrointestinal elemental diet or parenteral nutrition for a period of time.

2. Anti-infective drugs: sulfasalazine has a good effect on treating colitis in various parts and preventing complications. Some may cause nausea, vomiting, headache, rash, neutropenia, anemia and liver dysfunction. If it is ineffective and has adverse reactions, metronidazole can be used instead. Neomycin and phthalazinone thiazole are also effective.

3. Hormone therapy: adrenocortical hormone, hydrocortisone and prednisone can improve the general condition, relieve the course of disease, reduce the frequency of defecation, relieve recurrent symptoms and increase appetite. However, some patients have poor results, and can make the ulcer perforation, bleeding and healing slow. At present, it is considered that the scope of application is small, and it can obviously alleviate the symptoms and improve the condition of patients with acute fulminant or early onset. Not satisfied with the effect of long-term recurrent attacks; Dissolve corticotropin unit in glucose solution, intravenous drip, and intramuscular injection after symptoms improve. Hydrocortisone is injected intravenously, and the symptoms gradually decrease after remission, so it can be administered. Corticosteroids are superior to cortisone in relieving symptoms, but not as effective as cortisone in maintaining remission. If the symptoms do not improve, this treatment should not last more than 2 weeks.

4. Immunosuppressant: azathioprine, once a day 1 time, can change the course of disease and inhibit the clinical manifestations, but it can't change the basic diseases. It is often used to reduce the recurrence in the quiescent period and may also be poisoned. It should be noted. 6- mercaptopurine (6-MP) combined with hormone can relieve symptoms.

Antidiarrheal drugs: can reduce the frequency of defecation and relieve abdominal pain. Compound phenylethyl piperidine, codeine and compound camphor tincture are commonly used. Antidiarrheal drugs may lead to toxic Hirschsprung's disease in acute ulcerative colitis, and should be used with caution. Sedative drugs and antispasmodic drugs can also be given.

6, retention enema: commonly used for rectal and sigmoiditis, can relieve symptoms and promote ulcer healing.