Two, the requirements of environmental conditions: ginger like a slightly cool and dry climate, cold and drought resistance, tuber sprouting at 0 to 6 ℃, 8 to l0 ℃ on the seedling, due to the ginger underground tubers can be overwintered under the cold northern soil, the next year sprouting new plants, it is often mistaken for a perennial crop. Its seedlings can tolerate a low temperature of 1 to 2 ℃. Under the conditions of 18 to 22 ℃ and 12 hours of sunshine, it is favorable to the formation of tubers. The tubers can overwinter safely in the frozen soil layer at 25~30℃. Strong adaptability to the soil, cultivation in fertile and loose soil can achieve high yields. Cultivation techniques: 1. Propagation methods: tuber propagation, fall and winter after harvesting tubers, select 20 to 25 kilograms of large tubers to sow, or sand to prepare seeds. Can also be dug in the spring after the soil thawed the appropriate size of the tubers sowing. 2. sowing: ginger is a high-yield fodder crops, before sowing the soil must be y plowed and full of basal fertilizer. 1000 kg of stable fertilizer per mu, 100 kg of grass ash, in April, mid-soil thaw after sowing. Planting field deep plowing about 25 centimeters, so that the root system is easy to enter the soil, tuber growth is good, the plant is not easy to fall shape. The size of the bed depends on the terrain and irrigation conditions, rainy areas to do raised beds to facilitate drainage, to avoid tuber rot in the soil. Planting density row spacing 30 to 50 cm, 20 cm spacing, too dense and too thin are affected by yield. When sowing the tuber fine shoots upward, cover the soil 4 cm, clay soil should be shallow, sandy soil should be deep, the amount of seed sown per mu 30 ~ 40 kilograms, sowing should be selected 30 ~ 40 grams of healthy tubers, mulch 5 ~ 10 cm can be.3. Field management: ① Plowing and weeding, hoeing in seedling stage 2 ~ 3 times, is conducive to moisture conservation and strong seedling. Stems and leaves 30 to 50 cm high, covering most of the ground, has been able to self-control weed growth, no need to hoe, a few high plants can be pulled out. ② Topping in addition to buds, such as excessive growth, in the plant 60 cm high when centering top, in order to prevent futile growth. Remove the buds at any time in the fall, in order to facilitate the expansion of the tuber and full. ③ Watering, such as in the case of prolonged drought, leaf yellowing and wilting, can be watered once. ④ Cultivate the soil, such as rain in a gale, ginger crooked, to timely correct the cultivation of soil, and ditch drainage, in order to prevent the onset of soil wetting. ⑤ Fertilizer, in addition to basal fertilizer, the growth period needs to be fertilized 2 times, the first time in late April, mu of urea 7.5 ~ 10 kg, to promote seedling growth, more new branches and leaves. The second in early July, that is, in the bud period of potash sulfate fertilizer 7.5 ~ 10 kg or 100 kg of grass ash, to promote plant robustness, enhance the resistance to collapse, drought, cold resistance, the tuber growth and expansion has a greater role.4. Pest control ginger in the field is generally no obvious diseases. Underground pests, available poisonous bait trapping. If there is botrytis, gray rot can be used to prevent and control carbendazim. Fourth, harvest storage: ginger harvest period according to the cultivation purpose, to harvest green fodder based on the harvest before the heavy frost, this time the stem and leaf yield high, good quality mu can be collected 2500 kilograms of green fodder, but only 750 kilograms of tuber production. To harvest tubers for the purpose of harvesting after the frost, tuber yield up to 1500 kg, stem and leaf yield 2000 kg / mu, do not cut green fodder can be completely dead in the stem and leaves to dig up the tubers, tuber yield up to 2000 kg / mu, high-yield up to 4000 kg / mu. Digging will have tuber left in the soil, the next year and sprouted into plants, do not have to replant, if there is a lack of plants, can be between seedlings to make up for the shortage or seedlings to make up for the shortage. Ginger harvested and stacked indoors easily dried out, attached mold, so after harvesting that cellar. Cellar depth of 1.7 meters, 1.3 meters wide, long according to the number to determine, will be intact and disease-free tubers drying mud layer after layer discharge cellar, a layer of soil layer of tubers, the top layer of soil seal, cellar temperature 0 ℃ is the most appropriate in -10 ~ -20 ℃ low temperature conditions, but also will not be frozen, the cellar temperature of more than 5 ℃ will be sprouting. , vitamin c6 mg, and rich in inulin, polypentose, starch and other substances. Taste sweet, flat, non-toxic. Favor water to remove dampness, and in the benefit of the stomach and with the role of clearing heat and detoxification, for diuretic. Ginger has a wide range of uses. 1, as a vegetable to eat (1) fresh tubers can be stir-fried, or stir-fried with shredded meat ****, crispy and delicious. (2) stains: 50 kg of Jerusalem artichoke, washed and de-hybridized, put into the tile jar, put a layer of Jerusalem artichoke sprinkle salt, the amount of salt for 9 kg, put a good amount of water poured into the appropriate amount of water. One day after pouring a cylinder, and then two days after pouring a cylinder, about 15 days after the edible. Tasty flavor, can be used as a side dish, diabetes has a certain auxiliary therapeutic effect. 2, as miscellaneous grains, fodder or extract starch, alcohol, etc., the above stems can also be added to the work of fodder. 3, medicinal extraction of inulin, for the treatment of diabetes. Roots and stems are pounded and applied externally to treat anomalous swollen toxins and mumps. Therapeutic aspects can also be used chrysanthemum taro tubers 100 grams, washed and chopped, 100 grams of rice washed, add the right amount of water and cook into a porridge, seasoned salt, sesame oil and then eat. Suitable for diabetes, edema, urinary incontinence. Six, ginger planting social benefits and economic benefits 1, social benefits global land desertification and soil erosion status has been on the rise. Our country has been one of the countries most seriously endangered by desertification. At present, the area of desertification in China has reached 2.6 million square kilometers. It accounts for almost a quarter of the total land area of our country and causes losses of more than tens of billions of RMB every year. Promoting the planting of ginger can not only prevent land desertification, prevent soil erosion, prevent storms and other effects. More importantly, it optimizes the ecological environment and the ecological balance plays a contributing role. The development of ginger planting, adapted to the city's agricultural industrialization of the development of the road, make full use of the city's barren mountains, hills and ridges and can not be irrigated area planting. It is an effective way to lead farmers out of poverty and become rich. In the city to promote the planting of ginger, in line with the development of the times. 2, the economic benefits of ginger per mu yield of 1500-2500 kilograms, an average of 2,000 kilograms, the purchase price of 1.00 yuan per kilogram, 2,000 yuan per acre. 50% higher income than planting other crops. [Disease and pest control] (a) ginger fever (rot disease) is caused by bacterial disease of the whole plant. The onset of plant leaf curl, from yellow to brown, withered and drooping, to the whole plant rot, and emit a special odor. Prevention and control methods: 1. Crop rotation and soil disinfection of ginger land is best planted with raw barren land. If planted on ripe land, it should be more than three years apart, and the previous crop should not be planted with lycopene crops and vegetables. When preparing the ground, sprinkle 50-100 kg of lime or spray the soil with 100 times diluted solution of formalin for disinfection.2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. Pull out in time, and disinfect the diseased hole by spreading lime or drenching with 100 times diluted solution of formalin, burn the diseased plants centrally, and spray with 50% carbendazim 350 times liquid or 800 times liquid of zinc diclofenac, 1 time every 7 days, 2-3 times in a row. (B) corn borer insect Coleoptera borer moth family insects. Larvae infestation, often drilling into the stem to feed, causing ginger seedlings withered heart. Prevention and control methods: when the corn borer is found to be infested, use 700 times diluted solution of insecticide double plus 800 times diluted solution of trichlorfon,0 or 700 times diluted solution of insecticide double plus 800 times diluted solution of hydramethylthiofos spraying, or 90% of 200 times diluted solution of trichlorfon to irrigate the heart. (C) ginger phoenix butterfly Coleoptera butterfly family insects. To larvae damage to the leaves, first the leaf blade into a tube-shaped leaf bracts, and then in the leaf bracts to feed, so that the leaf blade into the notch or holes. Preventive methods: clear the garden in winter, burn the dead branches and leaves, eliminate the overwintering eggs; artificially catch and kill the bracts; the early stage of larval occurrence with 90% trichlorfon 800-1000 times dilution or 80% dichlorvos 1,500 times liquid spraying. 5-7 days a time, 2-3 times in a row. Through the above introduction on what to pay attention to ginger planting techniques, we now know the ginger high-yield cultivation techniques, ginger is a kind of strong resistance, regeneration ability, no pests and diseases of plants, but also an easy crop to grow, in the planting of the time to pay attention to reasonable management methods.
V, nutrient composition and utilization: ginger edible rate of 100%, per 100 grams of tubers containing 79.8 grams of moisture, 0.1 grams of crude protein, 0.1 grams of fat, 16.6 grams of carbohydrates, 0.6 grams of crude fiber, 2.8 grams of ash, calcium 49 mg, phosphorus 119 mg, iron 8.4 mg, vitamin b10.13 mg, vitamin b20.06 mg. Niacin 0.6 mg, vitamin c 6 mg, and rich in inulin, polypentose, starch and other substances. Taste sweet, flat, non-toxic. Favorable water to remove dampness, and in the benefit of the stomach and with the role of clearing heat and detoxification, as a diuretic. Ginger has a wide range of uses. 1, as a vegetable to eat (1) fresh tubers can be stir-fried, or stir-fried with shredded meat ****, crispy and delicious. (2) stains: 50 kg of Jerusalem artichoke, washed and de-hybridized, put into the tile jar, put a layer of Jerusalem artichoke salt, with the amount of salt for 9 kg, put a good amount of water poured into the appropriate amount of water. One day after pouring a cylinder, and then two days after pouring a cylinder, about 15 days after the edible. Tasty flavor, can be used as a side dish, diabetes has a certain auxiliary therapeutic effect. 2, as miscellaneous grains, fodder or extract starch, alcohol, etc., the above stems can also be added to the work of fodder. 3, medicinal extraction of inulin, for the treatment of diabetes. Roots and stems are pounded and applied externally to treat anasarca and mumps. Therapeutic aspects can also be used to chrysanthemum taro tubers 100 grams, washed and chopped, 100 grams of rice washed, add the right amount of water with the porridge, seasoned salt, sesame oil and then eat. Suitable for diabetes, edema, urinary incontinence. Six, ginger planting social benefits and economic benefits 1, social benefits global land desertification and soil erosion status has been on the rise. Our country has been one of the countries most seriously endangered by desertification. At present, the area of desertification in China has reached 2.6 million square kilometers. It accounts for almost a quarter of the total land area of our country and causes losses of more than tens of billions of RMB every year. Promoting the planting of ginger can not only prevent land desertification, prevent soil erosion, prevent storms and other effects. More importantly, optimize the ecological environment, ecological balance has played a role in promoting. The development of ginger planting, adapted to the city's agricultural industrialization of the development of the road, make full use of the city's barren mountains, hills and ridges and can not be irrigated area planting. It is an effective way to lead farmers out of poverty and become rich. In the city to promote the planting of ginger, in line with the development of the times. 2, the economic benefits of ginger per mu yield of 1500-2500 kilograms, an average of 2,000 kilograms, the purchase price of 1.00 yuan per kilogram, 2,000 yuan per acre. 50% higher income than planting other crops. [Disease and pest control] (a) ginger fever (rot disease) is caused by bacterial disease of the whole plant. The onset of plant leaf curl, from yellow to brown, withered and drooping, to the whole plant rot, and emit a special odor. Prevention and control methods: 1. Crop rotation and soil disinfection of ginger land is best planted with raw barren land. If planted on ripe land, it should be more than three years apart, and the previous crop should not be planted with lycopene crops and vegetables. When preparing the ground, sprinkle 50-100 kg of lime or spray the soil with 100 times diluted solution of formalin for disinfection.2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. Pull out in time, and disinfect the diseased hole by spreading lime or drenching with 100 times diluted solution of formalin, burn the diseased plants centrally, and spray with 50% carbendazim 350 times liquid or 800 times liquid of zinc diclofenac, 1 time every 7 days, 2-3 times in a row. (B) corn borer insect Coleoptera borer moth family insects. Larvae infestation, often drilling into the stem to feed, causing ginger seedlings withered heart. Prevention and control methods: when the corn borer is found to be infested, use 700 times diluted solution of insecticide double plus 800 times diluted solution of trichlorfon,0 or 700 times diluted solution of insecticide double plus 800 times diluted solution of hydramethylthiofos spraying, or 90% of 200 times diluted solution of trichlorfon to irrigate the heart. (C) ginger phoenix butterfly Coleoptera butterfly family insects. To larvae damage to the leaves, first the leaf blade into a tube-shaped leaf bracts, and then in the leaf bracts to feed, so that the leaf blade into the notch or holes. Preventive methods: clear the garden in winter, burn the dead branches and leaves, eliminate the overwintering eggs; artificially catch and kill the bracts; the early stage of larval occurrence with 90% trichlorfon 800-1000 times dilution or 80% dichlorvos 1,500 times liquid spraying. 5-7 days a time, 2-3 times in a row. Through the above introduction on what to pay attention to ginger planting techniques, we now know the ginger high-yield cultivation techniques, ginger is a kind of resistance, regeneration ability, no pests and diseases of plants, but also an easy to grow crops, in the planting of the time to pay attention to reasonable management methods.
[Disease and pest control] (a) Ginger fever (rot disease) is a whole-plant disease caused by bacteria. The onset of plant leaf curl, from yellow to brown, withered and drooping, to the whole plant rot, and emit a special odor. Prevention and control methods: 1. Crop rotation and soil disinfection of ginger land is best planted with raw barren land. If planted on ripe land, it should be more than three years apart, and the previous crop should not be planted with lycopene crops and vegetables. When preparing the ground, sprinkle 50-100 kg of lime or spray the soil with 100 times diluted solution of formalin for disinfection.2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. Pull out in time, and disinfect the diseased hole by spreading lime or drenching with 100 times diluted solution of formalin, burn the diseased plants centrally, and spray with 50% carbendazim 350 times liquid or 800 times liquid of zinc diclofenac, 1 time every 7 days, 2-3 times in a row. (B) corn borer insect Coleoptera borer moth family insects. Larvae infestation, often drilling into the stem to feed, causing ginger seedlings withered heart. Prevention and control methods: when the corn borer is found to be infested, use 700 times diluted solution of insecticide double plus 800 times diluted solution of trichlorfon,0 or 700 times diluted solution of insecticide double plus 800 times diluted solution of hydramethylthiofos spraying, or 90% of 200 times diluted solution of trichlorfon to irrigate the heart. (C) ginger phoenix butterfly Coleoptera butterfly family insects. To larvae damage to the leaves, first the leaf blade into a tube-shaped leaf bracts, and then in the leaf bracts to feed, so that the leaf blade into the notch or holes. Preventive methods: clear the garden in winter, burn the dead branches and leaves, eliminate the overwintering eggs; artificially catch and kill the bracts; the early stage of larval occurrence with 90% trichlorfon 800-1000 times dilution or 80% dichlorvos 1,500 times liquid spraying. 5-7 days a time, 2-3 times in a row. Through the above introduction of ginger planting technology to pay attention to what, we now know the ginger high-yield cultivation techniques, ginger is a kind of strong resistance p>