1, rice
Rice refers to rice, which is called brown rice after hulling, and can be obtained by grinding brown rice to remove the rice bran layer. Rice is the main food for more than half of the world's population. Rice is the largest grain crop in China, and it can be planted in most provinces of China. Rice can be divided into many types, including indica rice and japonica rice according to morphological characteristics, early rice, middle rice and late rice according to maturity, sticky rice and glutinous rice according to different starch structures and so on.
People usually distinguish between southern rice and northern rice. The southern rice is mainly indica rice, which has a short growth cycle and matures many times a year. After cooking, the rice is dry and loose, and it is generally ground into powder and then made into rice noodles, rice cakes and other foods, while the northern rice is mainly japonica rice, which has a long growth cycle and matures once a year, and is generally eaten in the form of rice.
2. Millet
Millet (shǔ), that is, yellow rice, also known as Mi (méi) and yellow millet, is similar in color to millet, but millet is not millet, and its volume is slightly larger than millet. When cooked, rice is sticky and can be used for brewing wine and making cakes. At present, the foods made of yellow rice are mainly fried cakes in Beijing, sticky bean buns in Northeast China, yellow steamed buns in northern Shaanxi, yellow rice cakes and so on.
3. Millet
Ji (millet), also known as "millet" and "millet", is the yellow millet we usually eat. Growing drought-tolerant, there are many varieties, commonly known as "millet is colorful", including white, red, yellow, black, orange and purple millet and sticky millet. Millet is native to China, and the ancestor of millet is a kind of green bristlegrass.
Millet was the most important grain in ancient China for a long time. The ancients represented the valley god with millet, and the social god (earth god) was collectively called the country. Later, when the country was called the country, we can see the important position of millet in the hearts of Chinese people at that time.
4. Wheat
Wheat, including barley and wheat. Wheat is the only grain variety whose origin is not China. Wheat can be peeled and ground into flour to make bread, steamed bread and other foods, and can be made into beer, alcohol and liquor after fermentation.
Henan is the largest wheat production province in China, accounting for a quarter of the national wheat production, and the second largest producing area is Shandong. The provinces with the highest consumption of pasta in China are Henan, Shandong, Shaanxi, Shanxi and Gansu. The top ten pasta in China are Dandan Noodles, Lanzhou Lamian Noodles, Saozi Noodles, Yangchun Noodles, Wonton Noodles, Daoxiao Noodles, Cold Noodles, Oil Spilled Noodles, Yangzhou Fried Noodles, and Old Beijing Zhajiang Noodles ...
5. hey
The word "shū" generally has little contact, which means it grows like beans. Words include fermented milk (tofu), fermented wheat (soybean and wheat), and fermented millet (generally referring to grain).
"Zizania latifolia" is the general term for beans. Generally speaking, Zizania latifolia means "soybean", also called "soybean". Bean products are one of the favorite foods in China. Northeast China is the main soybean producing area. Soybean can be divided into yellow soybean, green soybean and black soybean according to the color of seed coat, and there are other soybeans with single color such as brown, brown and red, but yellow soybean and black soybean are the most common in daily life.
The difference between ancient and modern grains:
The five grains we know now refer to rice, millet, millet, wheat and glutinous rice. In ancient times, there was another saying that they referred to hemp, millet, millet, wheat and glutinous rice. The difference between them is that one is rice and the other is hemp.
The ancient economic and cultural center was mainly located in the Yellow River valley in the north, where hemp was the main crop, while rice was produced in the south. Therefore, two different interpretations of the five grains appeared in ancient books, while the two were integrated in Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals, which recorded six crops. Of these two statements, only hemp is a grain that appears as a textile, so the statement that rice is put in the first place is more in line with modern people's understanding of grains.
Nowadays, people usually refer to five kinds of grains, but refer to the general name of cereal grains. "Five", as an imaginary number, refers to many cereal crops.