The growth of Flammulina velutipes needs certain conditions, including nutrition, moisture, temperature, light, air and pH value.
I. Nutritional status
Flammulina velutipes is saprophytic and can't carry out photosynthesis. Nutrients required for life activities can only be absorbed by mycelium from saprophytic substrates.
1, carbon source: Flammulina velutipes can use a variety of monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides and ethanol as carbon sources. Flammulina velutipes can use cellulose and lignin in wood as carbon sources. However, its ability to decompose wood is very weak. If miscellaneous sawdust is used as cultivation material, it is best to pile up fermented old sawdust. Flammulina velutipes has many materials for its growth. Except sawdust, cottonseed hull and other agricultural and forestry waste resources are good cultivation materials.
2. Nitrogen source: Flammulina velutipes needs more nitrogen than Lentinus edodes, and the nitrogen nutrition in the culture medium has a great influence on the mycelium growth and fruiting body development of Flammulina velutipes.
3. Inorganic salts: The growth of Flammulina velutipes needs a certain amount of inorganic salts, such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium sulfate, ferric sulfate and magnesium sulfate. Flammulina velutipes obtains phosphorus, potassium, calcium, iron, magnesium and other elements from these inorganic salts, among which phosphorus, potassium and magnesium are more important.
Second, moisture.
Like other mushrooms, all physiological activities of Flammulina velutipes, including the absorption and transportation of nutrients, the proliferation of mycelium, the occurrence and growth of fruiting bodies, must be carried out under certain water conditions, and the growth of Flammulina velutipes will be affected if the water content of the culture medium is too low or too high. Flammulina velutipes is a kind of wet mushroom with strong drought tolerance. Mycelia grows well in the medium with water content of 60-65%. At the early stage of mycelium growth, the humidity of the culture room should be controlled at about 70%. When the humidity of the culture room is too high, it is easy to cause mixed bacteria pollution. The relative humidity of raw air for fruiting bodies should be controlled between 85-95%.
Third, temperature.
Temperature is an important factor affecting the growth of Flammulina velutipes, and temperature plays a very important role in the formation, development and quality of the mycelium growth fruiting body of Flammulina velutipes. The temperature requirements of mycelium growth and fruiting body growth are different. Flammulina velutipes mycelium can grow at 4-32℃. When the temperature is lower than 3℃ and higher than 34℃, the growth will stop. When the temperature is higher than 8℃, the growth rate is gradually accelerated. 22-26℃ is the optimum temperature range for mycelium growth. The optimum temperature for fruiting body growth is 12- 15℃. Under the conditions of 10℃ and 15℃, the fruiting body only needs 13 days.
Fourth, light.
Flammulina velutipes has different requirements for light at different growth stages. The mycelium growth stage does not need light, and the mycelium grows normally in complete darkness. The growth of fruiting body has obvious phototropism, and only the stalk grows without the lid under the condition of complete darkness. This characteristic can be used to control the length of Flammulina velutipes in cultivation practice. Light has a great influence on the quality of Flammulina velutipes. Under the light condition, the color of mushroom is dark brown, and there are more hairs at the base of mushroom stalk. Under dark conditions, the color of mushrooms is light, the cap and stalk are milky white or light yellow, the cap is small and the stalk is long. This characteristic can be used to control the color of mushrooms in production and produce Flammulina velutipes with high economic value.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) air
Flammulina velutipes is an aerobic fungus. The growth and development of fruiting bodies need fresh air. The extension of the cap is sensitive to the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air When the content of carbon dioxide in the air exceeds 65438 0%, it will inhibit the development of bacterial cap; When the concentration of carbon dioxide is 0.06-4.9%, the diameter of bacterial cap decreases with the increase of carbon dioxide concentration.
VI. pH value
Flammulina velutipes mycelium can grow in the range of PH 3-8.4, and the optimum PH range for mycelium growth is 4-7, among which PH 6 is the fastest. The suitable PH value for fruiting body growth is 4.5-7, and the optimum PH value is 5.
Practice of Flammulina velutipes on iron plate:
1. Wash Chiba and Flammulina velutipes first.
2. Then roll Flammulina velutipes on Chiba.
3. Then put them together and fix them with toothpicks.
4. In this way, everyone is dressed up and ready to start frying.
5. Mix the oyster sauce with the sweet noodle sauce, gently cook it with oil to make it fragrant, then pour it out, fry the Flammulina velutipes, spread the sauce evenly after frying, and put some barbecue materials such as cumin powder. It's done.