(Notes on Materia Medica)

Horse thistle (Fan Wangfang), tiger thistle (Tao Hongjing), thorn thistle, mountain burdock (Japanese herbal medicine), chicken neck grass (herbal medicine), chicken foot thorn (southern Yunnan herbal medicine), wild safflower (herbal medicine), mustard tuber (herbal medicine), cow touching mouth and other different names. Pig sting, June cream, ant sting (Fujian folk herbs), ox sting (Zhejiang Chinese medicine manual), tiger sting (Guangxi Chinese medicine plant), radish sting (compilation of commonly used folk herbs), donkey sting, bone spur (Shanxi Chinese medicine annals), thorn stalk and bone spur (Chinese medicine manual).

The source is the whole grass or root of Cirsium japonicum in Compositae.

Plant morphology Cirsium japonicum

Perennial herbs. Stem height 100 ~ 150 cm, erect, with longitudinal stripes, densely covered with white fur. Leaves alternate; The root leaves are obovate, oblong, 15 ~ 30 cm long, pinnately divided, with 5 ~ 6 pairs of lobes, sharp apex, unequal split edges and oblique spines, tapering at the base to form a flat petiole, with wings and hairs on both sides; Cauline leaves gradually become smaller upward, similar in shape to root leaves, with stems at the base and white hairs on the lower surface. Head, solitary at the end of branch; Short handle; Insert lanceolate leaves1~ 2; The involucre is spherical, with a diameter of 15 ~ 20 mm, bracts in 6 ~ 7 rows, lanceolate, short outside the base, long inside, prickly at the tip, and entire; All are tubular flowers, purplish red, bisexual, about 20 mm long, 5-lobed at the top, and the lobes are linear; There are 6 stamens, the anthers are connected into a tube, the apex is separated, and there is a drooping pointed tail on the left and right sides of the base; Pistil 1, lower ovary. Achenes are oblate. Flowering from May to June. The fruiting period is from June to August.

Born in Shan Ye, on the roadside. Distributed in most parts of the country.

When the flowers are in full bloom in summer and autumn, the whole grass is harvested, and the old stems are removed and dried, preferably in autumn; August ~ 10 Dig roots, remove soil and residual stems, wash and dry.

Medicinal materials ① dry whole grass, cylindrical stem, about 4 ~ 10 mm thick, purple-brown or brown surface, longitudinal wrinkles, densely covered with gray-white filamentous hairs; Loose and fragile; The section is yellow and white, and there is white loose pulp in the center. Most leaves fall off, and the rest are green-brown or burnt-brown, mostly broken and shriveled, with needles of different lengths at the edges, which are fragile and easy to fall off. The flower head is left at the branch end, and the tubular flowers are mostly withered, the involucre is yellow, the surface is slightly purple-black, and the white feathered crown hair is exposed. The smell is weak and the taste is light. It is best to be grayish green without impurities.

(2) The dried root of tuber is long and conical, or slightly curved, with dark brown surface, thin longitudinal stripes and sometimes wrinkled longitudinal grooves; The top part connected with the rhizome is fibrous, and the thin part at the end is usually cut off, with a length of 6 ~ 10 cm and a diameter of 5 ~ 15 mm, with a slightly hard and brittle texture, neat fracture, yellowish white and slightly granular. It's better to be strong, without roots or reed heads.

It is produced in most parts of the country. Whole grass is widely used in North China, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Fujian and other places; Roots are commonly used in south-central and southwest China. Textual research on ancient herbal books is also based on roots, so it is called "talinum" and "talinum".

Processing of Cirsium japonicum: removing impurities, washing with clear water, fully wetting, cutting into sections and drying in the sun. Cirsium japonicum: Take the cleaned Cirsium japonicum, stir-fry it in a pot with strong fire until it is 70% black and remains, screen it with iron wire, spray water, take it out and dry it.

"Materia Medica Xuan Tong": "Wash or mix children's excrement with wine and stir-fry it slightly."

Sweet and cold.

① Don't record: "The root is sweet."

② Theory of medicinal properties: "It tastes bitter and flat."

(3) "Japanese Flowers": "Leaves, cool."

4 Materia Medica Yan Hui: "Sweet, slightly bitter, but cold and non-toxic."

Meridian enters the liver and spleen.

① southern Yunnan materia medica: "entering the liver, spleen and kidney."

② New edition of materia medica: "Entering the lung and spleen."

Function is mainly used for cooling blood, stopping bleeding, removing blood stasis, eliminating carbuncle and swelling. Can be used for treating hematemesis, epistaxis, hematuria, bloody stranguria, metrorrhagia, leukorrhagia, intestinal wind, intestinal carbuncle, carbuncle and furuncle.

(1) "Bielu": "Root, nourishing essence and protecting blood." The mother and daughter are in a red and white state, giving birth safely, and stopping vomiting blood and nosebleeds. "

② Theory of Medicinal Properties: "Root, stop bleeding in collapse."

③ Tang dynasty herbs: "root, cure carbuncle swelling."

4 "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Leaves, treating intestinal carbuncle, accumulating blood stasis in the abdomen, transporting blood, researching, drinking and urinating; Malignant sores and scabies should be treated with salt. "

⑤ Southern Yunnan Herbs: "Eliminating blood stasis and promoting regeneration, stopping vomiting blood and nosebleeds." Treating hematuria in children and hematuria in women will nourish blood, eliminate sore poison and disperse scrofula and tuberculosis in all meridians. Long-term sores lead to granulation and pus discharge. "

⑥ "Sorbus pohuashanensis": "Treating golden sores."

⑦ "Outline of Medical Forest": "Strengthen kidney water, remove blood heat and vent unfavorable qi. Treat intestinal wind carbuncle. "

⑧ Fujian folk herbs: "Cool blood to stop bleeding, diminish inflammation and reduce swelling. It is used to treat hemoptysis due to lung heat, bloody stranguria, furuncle, furuncle, cancer, lacquer sore, scald caused by soup fire, etc. "

Oral administration and dosage: decoction, 1.5 ~ 3 yuan (fresh 1 ~ 2 Liang); Pouring or grinding. External use: pound or pound juice coating.

Should avoid spleen and stomach deficiency and cold without blood stasis.

(1) The gist of the fair: "Avoid making iron."

(2) Shushu of Materia Medica: "If you don't think about diet, it is not conducive to diarrhea of people with weak stomachs, extremely abundant blood deficiency and weak spleen and stomach."

Prescription 1: Treat heart heat, hematemesis and dry mouth: stab the leaves and roots of thistle, mash the juice, take a small cup every time, and take it frequently. (Sheng Huifang)

② Treatment of hematemesis and epistaxis, bleeding during collapse: holding thistle. Tamp, wring juice, and take half a liter. ("Materia Medica")

③ Treatment of hemoptysis due to lung heat: fresh roots of Cirsium japonicum 1-2. After washing, mash it with a pestle, add semi-A Liang rock sugar as appropriate, decoct it in water into half a bowl, and take it twice a day. (Fujian folk herbs)

④ Treatment of heat stranguria and blood stranguria: one to three fresh roots of Cirsium japonicum. Wash and mash, stew in boiling water for one hour, and take it three times a day before meals. (Fujian folk herbs)

⑤ For treating women's red bleeding, leucorrhea is more than five yuan for Cirsium japonicum, two yuan for Artemisia argyi San Qian, two yuan for Celosia cristata, two yuan for auricularia auricula and five yuan for fried cortex Phellodendri (such as leucorrhea without cortex Phellodendri). Stew wine with water. (southern Yunnan materia medica)

⑥ Treatment of carbuncle: Cirsium japonicum leaves, Sanguisorba officinalis, Achyranthes bidentata and honeysuckle. All raw mashed juice and hot wine clothes. If there is no fresh food, you can also fry with dried leaves. ("Materia Medica")

⑦ Treatment of lung abscess: fresh thistle is four or two. Decoct soup and take it after breakfast and dinner. (Mindong Herbs)

⑧ Treatment of furuncle, furuncle, sore, burning and swelling: Mash fresh roots of Cirsium japonicum and winter honey and stick them on the affected area twice a day. (Fujian folk herbs)

Pet-name ruby bruises and bruises: Cirsium japonicum juice and hot wine. ("Materia Medica")

Attending to treat tuberculosis around the neck, or chestnut sores with long-term swelling and suppuration, don't stop: single thistle, no matter how much, or boiled beef or pork, or used alone, simmered with water and wine. Mashing fresh Cirsium japonicum for external use, mixing with Fahua, Catechu and Sanguis Draxonis, applying wound, and promoting granulation. (southern Yunnan materia medica)

⑾ Treatment of scald caused by soup fire: Wash the fresh roots of Cirsium japonicum with cold boiled water, mash them, wrap them in linen, stew them with hot twisted juice, and apply them two or three times a day. (Fujian folk herbs)

⑿ Treat women with blood dryness or liver tuberculosis, aversion to cold and fever, headache and emaciation, and listlessness: two ounces of fresh thistle and four ounces of beef. * * * Cook in canned food, eat it in the morning and then go back to sleep. Avoid salt. (southern Yunnan materia medica)

[13] Treatment of lacquer sore: hold fresh roots of Cirsium japonicum. Wash it, add some tung oil, mash it, and apply it with hot twisted juice wrapped in linen three or four times a day. (Fujian folk herbs)

14. Treatment of paranasal sinusitis: three or two fresh thistles and two or three eggs. Cook the two flavors together, eat eggs and drink soup. Avoid spicy food. (Selected Works of the Whole Exhibition, ENT)

⒂ Treatment of herpes zoster: Cirsium japonicum, Cirsium japonicum and fresh milk. Soak Cirsium japonicum and Cirsium japonicum in fresh milk until soft, mash and apply externally. (Selected data of new medical methods of Chinese herbal medicines in Inner Mongolia)

Clinical application ① Treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis

Clean fresh Cirsium japonicum root, add 400 ml of water every day, decoct with slow fire to 200 ml, and take it twice; Or make into injection, each 65438±00ml contains 65438 00 g crude drug, and make intramuscular injection or intratracheal drip. 18 cases were observed successively, among which 5 cases were treated with decoction,1/kloc-0 cases were treated with injection, and 2 cases were treated with intratracheal instillation for 15 ~ 72 days. Results: Compared with X-ray chest films, after treatment, the lesions were obviously absorbed in 3 cases, absorbed in 8 cases and unchanged in 7 cases. Some cases of cough, expectoration, chest pain and fever have also improved to varying degrees. In the course of treatment, some people who take decoction have colds and abdominal distension, which can be relieved by adding ginger, dried tangerine peel and processed Pinellia tuber.

② Treatment of hypertension.

Soak fresh dried roots in water for about half an hour, and decoct for three times, each time for half an hour. Mixing the filtrates, and concentrating into decoction equivalent to 0.5 two crude drugs per 100 ml; Take it in the morning and evening 100 ml. Fresh and dried roots or leaves can also be made into extract tablets. Root slice 3 times a day, 4 slices each time, and the daily amount is equivalent to dry root 1 2; Slice leaves three times a day, three pieces each time, and the daily amount is equivalent to about dry leaves 15g. Clinical observation 102 cases, except for some patients with severe dizziness, palpitation and insomnia, they were treated only with Cirsium japonicum. The course of treatment varies from one week to three months. Among them, 72 cases were treated with root slices after initial decoction, and the results were significant (systolic blood pressure decreased by more than 40 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure decreased by more than 20 mm Hg) 17 cases, effective (systolic blood pressure decreased by more than 20 mm Hg but less than 40 mm Hg, or diastolic blood pressure decreased by more than 10 mm Hg but less than 20 mm Hg, or blood pressure decreased to 65438+6 cases in the early stage. 30 cases were observed by leaf section, and the results showed that 5 cases were markedly effective (as above), 65,438+00 cases were effective and 65,438+05 cases were ineffective, and the curative effect was poor. Side effects: A small amount of drug reactions, such as stomach discomfort or nausea after taking medicine on an empty stomach, can be relieved by taking it after meals.

Remind you: Cirsium japonicum 1 This Chinese herbal medicine comes from the Internet. Please follow the doctor's advice before use.