Cauliflower in English: broccoli.

Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea?var.?botrytis?Linnaeus) is a variant of wild kale in the family Cruciferae, genus Brassica. It is a biennial herb, 60 to 90 centimeters tall, pruinose; the stem is erect, stout, and branched; the basal and lower leaves are oblong to elliptic; the leaves in the middle and upper part of the stem are smaller and sessile, oblong to lanceolate, and clasping.

Stem tip with a creamy-white fleshy head densely packed with common pedicel, pedicels, and undeveloped flower buds; racemes terminal and axillary; flowers yellowish, later turning white; seeds broadly elliptic, brown. Flowering April, fruiting May.

Cauliflower is native to the Mediterranean coast, and has since been introduced to India, Italy, France, England, the United States, Spain, Germany, Bangladesh, China and other countries. Cauliflower does not tolerate neither hot and dry, also does not tolerate prolonged frost, fertility temperature of 17 ~ 20 ℃; light-loving slightly shade, like a moist environment; suitable for growth in loose soil, good drainage and irrigation plots.

Cauliflower is rich in nutrients, rich in protein, fat, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, a variety of vitamins and calcium, phosphorus, iron and other minerals; cool, sweet, digestive, appetite, thirst, is a health food.

Cauliflower evolved from the wild kale, the center of evolution in the eastern Mediterranean coast. 1490, the Geraya people will be cauliflower from the Nafande (Levant), Cyprus introduced into Italy, in the area around the Bay of Naples to propagate the seeds in the 17th century to Germany, France and Britain. 1822 by the United Kingdom to India, the mid-19th century to southern China. 1875 In 1875 it spread to Japan.

Cauliflower is a biennial herb, 60 to 90 centimeters high, frosted. The stem is erect, stout and branched. Leaves are divided into outer and inner leaves. The outer leaves open from the outside to the inside, the leaf blade from small gradually increased petiolate, to the flower bud differentiation, no longer increase. Leaf blade is larger, especially the width of the leaf is larger.

Inner leaves without petiole, encompassing the flower bulb, from the outside to the inside, the leaves gradually narrowed, while the external leaflets are erect. The number of leaves, leaf shape, color and size of cauliflower varies according to varieties, the total number of leaves is about 18 to 40 from the first true leaf until the inner leaf outside the flower bulb. The leaf shape is ovoid, long ovoid, elliptic, long elliptic and long lanceolate.

Leaf color is light green, green, gray-green and dark green. Leaf blades are also covered with waxy powder. The stem is topped by a creamy white fleshy head densely packed with the common pedicel, pedicels and undeveloped flower buds.