The ninth, 29th and 29th day of the ninth lunar month is very important, which is called "Double Ninth Festival". Because in ancient China, six was the number of yin and nine was the number of yang, so the Double Ninth Festival was called "Double Ninth Festival".
The origin of the Double Ninth Festival can be traced back to the early Han Dynasty. It is said that in the palace, on September 9th every year, you should wear Cornus officinalis, feed it with bait and drink chrysanthemum wine to live longer. After the love princess Qi of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang was killed, the maid-in-waiting Jia was also expelled from the palace, and this custom spread to the people.
In ancient times, people had the custom of climbing mountains on this day, so the Double Ninth Festival was also called "Mountain Climbing Festival". According to legend, this custom began in the Eastern Han Dynasty. There are many climbing poems in the Tang Dynasty, most of which are the custom of writing the Double Ninth Festival. Du Fu's Seven Laws "Ascending the Mountain" is a famous article about climbing the mountain in Chongyang. There is no uniform rule for climbing mountains. Generally, we climb mountains and towers. There is also the custom of eating "Chongyang cake". Exquisite Chongyang cake should be made into nine layers, like a pagoda, with two lambs on it, which conforms to the meaning of Chongyang (sheep). Some people even put red paper flags on Chongyang cakes and light candles. This is probably replacing "crawling" with "lighting" and "eating cakes", and replacing Cornus officinalis with a little red paper flag.
The Double Ninth Festival also enjoys chrysanthemums and drinks chrysanthemum wine, which originated from Tao Yuanming. Tao Yuanming is famous for his seclusion, his poems, his wine and his love for chrysanthemums. Later generations have followed suit, so Chongyang has the custom of enjoying chrysanthemums. In the old days, in order to get close to Tao Yuanming, scholar-officials often combined chrysanthemum appreciation with feasting. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Kaifeng was the capital, and chrysanthemum appreciation on Chongyang was very popular. At that time, there were many kinds of chrysanthemums. After the Qing dynasty, the custom of enjoying chrysanthemums was particularly prosperous, and it was not limited to September 9, but it was the most prosperous around the Double Ninth Festival.
The custom of inserting Evodia rutaecarpa in the Double Ninth Festival was very common in the Tang Dynasty. The ancients thought that inserting Evodia rutaecarpa on the Double Ninth Festival could take refuge and eliminate disasters. Or wear it on your arm, or make a sachet and put it in it, or wear it on your head. Most of them are worn by women and children, and in some places, men also wear them. Ge Hong's Miscellanies of the Western Classics in the Jin Dynasty recorded that Kaunus participated in the Double Ninth Festival.
In addition to wearing dogwood, chrysanthemum is also inserted in the Double Ninth Festival. This happened in the Tang Dynasty and has been popular since ancient times. In the Qing Dynasty, the custom of Beijing Double Ninth Festival was to stick chrysanthemum branches and leaves on the doors and windows, "to eliminate evil and filth, and to make money and treasure." This is the vulgarization of the chrysanthemum on the head. In the Song Dynasty, some people cut ribbons into dogwood and chrysanthemum and gave them to each other.
2. What are the customs of the Double Ninth Festival?
The Double Ninth Festival is also called ascensiontide.
On this day, people climb high and look far and miss their loved ones. As the poem says, "I miss my relatives twice every festive season."
What are the customs of the Double Ninth Festival? 1。 The origin of climbing mountains on the Double Ninth Festival is absurd. With the passage of time, the color of superstition has gradually faded. Mountaineering is no longer to avoid disasters, but has become one of people's colorful spare time lives.
September 9th is a season of crisp autumn and beautiful scenery. At this time, it is refreshing and beneficial to people's physical and mental health.
Many places now hold mountaineering meetings during this period. Around the Double Ninth Festival, hundreds of thousands of cotinus coggygria trees in the western hills of Beijing turned into red flowers, making the western hills beautiful and unique.
Everywhere, it's like wearing a red costume. It has become one of the indispensable activities for Beijingers to go to Xishan to see the red leaves.
2。 Seeing chrysanthemums on the ninth day of September is also the time when chrysanthemums and crabs are fattening.
Chrysanthemums are in clusters, competing to open, very cute. People love not only her beautiful face, but also the strong temperament of chrysanthemum.
In the cold wind of late autumn, only chrysanthemums are blooming, which makes autumn more lively and colorful. It is precisely because of this that the custom of appreciating chrysanthemums has been retained.
In the bleak late autumn, chrysanthemum parties and exhibitions will be held in parks in some places, which is not a beautiful scene in spring and attracts many tourists. 3。
Drinking chrysanthemum wine is like drinking magnolia in the morning and chrysanthemum in the evening. From Qu Yuan's Lisao, we can clearly know that the custom of eating chrysanthemums existed as early as the Warring States period.
Later, drinking chrysanthemum wine was added to the myth, saying that drinking chrysanthemum wine could avoid disaster. Chrysanthemums are blooming in the autumn frost, and their fragrance is overflowing.
People think it is a good product to prolong life. When chrysanthemums are in bud, people will pick the stems and leaves of the buds together and brew them with millet. They won't open the altar until the Double Ninth Festival in September of the following year.
4。 The custom of inserting Cornus officinalis into Cornus officinalis originated very early.
Cornus officinalis, also known as Zanthoxylum bungeanum and wormwood, is a medicinal plant, which is beneficial to internal organs. In the Jin Dynasty, people realized its medicinal value and began to plant it.
On the Double Ninth Festival, people put dogwood on their heads. It is said that it can keep out the cold and avoid disasters. At this time, the role of Kaunus was exaggerated, and he became an exorcist.
In the Song Dynasty, people also gave dogwood and chrysanthemum two nicknames, calling dogwood "to ward off evil spirits" and chrysanthemum "to prolong life". I am a lonely stranger in a strange land, and I miss my family more often during the holidays.
When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me. The poet Wang Wei truly described the custom of climbing mountains and inserting dogwoods on the Double Ninth Festival in "Thinking of Shandong Brothers on the Mountain Festival", and also expressed the poet's longing for family reunion on the Double Ninth Festival.
After the Song Dynasty, the custom of inserting Evodia rutaecarpa gradually faded. Cornus officinalis is no longer regarded as a sacred object, but only used as a medicinal material.
This custom is rare now. 5。
Eating Chongyang cake is a timely food for the Double Ninth Festival, just like eating Yuanxiao on the Lantern Festival and mooncakes on the Mid-Autumn Festival. Chongyang Cake is steamed with flour and dates, chestnuts or other dried fruits, with Caiqi Yang on it.
In the Ming and Qing dynasties, people were very particular about eating Chongyang cake, accompanied by a little etiquette. In the early morning of the ninth day of September, the elders sliced the Chongyang cake and put it on the foreheads of their minor children. They also wish: "I wish my children all the best."
"This is the homonym of' Gao' and' Gao', which expresses people's earnest wishes for their children. People think that on the Double Ninth Festival, climbing to eat cakes symbolizes that the future will be higher and higher.
3. Double Ninth Festival custom
The custom of the Double Ninth Festival is crisp in autumn and fragrant osmanthus. On the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, the Double Ninth Festival is full of activities and fun, including climbing mountains, enjoying chrysanthemums, drinking chrysanthemum wine, eating double ninth cake and inserting dogwood.
Climbing high in ancient times, people had the custom of climbing high in Chongyang, so the Double Ninth Festival is also called "Climbing High Festival". According to legend, this custom began in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
There are many climbing poems written by scholars in the Tang Dynasty, most of which are the custom of writing the Double Ninth Festival. Du Fu's Seven Laws "Ascending the Mountain" is a famous article about climbing the mountain in Chongyang. There is no uniform rule for climbing mountains. Generally, we climb mountains and towers.
There is also the custom of eating "Chongyang cake". According to historical records, Chongyang cake is also called flower cake, chrysanthemum cake and five-color cake.
It was the original intention of the ancients to make cakes at dawn on September 9. The child put a cake on his head and said a word in his mouth, wishing the child all the best. Exquisite Chongyang cake should be made into nine layers, like a pagoda, with two lambs on it, which conforms to the meaning of Chongyang (sheep).
Some people even put red paper flags on Chongyang cakes and light candles. This probably means "lighting a lamp" and "eating cakes" instead of "climbing", and using a red paper flag instead of dogwood.
At present, there is still no fixed variety of Chongyang cake, and the soft cakes eaten around Chongyang Festival are called Chongyang cakes. Watching chrysanthemums and drinking chrysanthemum wine The Double Ninth Festival is the golden autumn season of the year, and chrysanthemums are in full bloom. It is said that watching chrysanthemums and drinking chrysanthemum wine originated from Tao Yuanming, a great poet in Jin Dynasty.
Tao Yuanming is famous for his seclusion, his poems, his wine and his love for chrysanthemums. Later generations have followed suit, so Chongyang has the custom of enjoying chrysanthemums. In the old days, literati and officialdom also combined chrysanthemum appreciation with banquets in order to get close to Tao Yuanming.
In the Northern Song Dynasty, Kaifeng was the capital, and chrysanthemum appreciation on Chongyang was popular. At that time, there were many varieties and shapes of chrysanthemums. People also call September of the lunar calendar "Chrysanthemum Month". On the Double Ninth Festival, when chrysanthemums are in full bloom in Ao Shuang, watching chrysanthemums has become an important part of the festival.
After the Qing dynasty, the habit of enjoying chrysanthemums was particularly prosperous, and it was not limited to September 9, but it was the most prosperous around the Double Ninth Festival. The custom of inserting dogwood and chrysanthemum in dogwood on the Double Ninth Festival has been very common in the Tang Dynasty.
The ancients thought that inserting Evodia rutaecarpa on the Double Ninth Festival could take refuge and eliminate disasters. Or wear it on your arm, or make a sachet and put it in it, or wear it on your head. Most of them are worn by women and children, and in some places, men also wear them.
Ge Hong's Miscellanies of the Western Classics in the Jin Dynasty recorded that Kaunus participated in the Double Ninth Festival. Besides wearing dogwood, people also wear chrysanthemums.
This happened in the Tang Dynasty and has been popular since ancient times. In the Qing Dynasty, the custom of Beijing Double Ninth Festival was to stick chrysanthemum branches and leaves on doors and windows, "to get rid of evil and filth, and to make money into treasure".
This is the vulgarization of the chrysanthemum on the head. In the Song Dynasty, some people cut ribbons into dogwood and chrysanthemum and gave them to each other.
Drink chong yang wine's "chong yang wine", that is, sweet wine made of high-quality glutinous rice, and put it in a small ceramic jar for sealed preservation on the Double Ninth Festival. Perhaps because the temperature and humidity are suitable, the brewed wine is particularly mellow, which is the top grade of rice wine, sweet and pure, suitable for men, women and children, and originated from ethnic minorities in northwest China.
"chong yang wine" means "chrysanthemum wine". Every year on the Double Ninth Festival, the earliest chrysanthemums have grown up. When they are about to blossom, this is the perfect material for making "chong yang wine".
What are the customs of the Double Ninth Festival?
Autumn is crisp, sweet-scented osmanthus is fragrant, and the Double Ninth Festival on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month is rich in activities and interesting, including climbing mountains, enjoying chrysanthemums, drinking chrysanthemum wine, eating double ninth cake and inserting dogwood.
Climbing high in ancient times, people had the custom of climbing high in Chongyang, so the Double Ninth Festival is also called "Climbing High Festival". According to legend, this custom began in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
There are many climbing poems written by scholars in the Tang Dynasty, most of which are the custom of writing the Double Ninth Festival. Du Fu's Seven Laws "Ascending the Mountain" is a famous article about climbing the mountain in Chongyang. There is no uniform rule for climbing mountains. Generally, we climb mountains and towers.
There is also the custom of eating "Chongyang cake". According to historical records, Chongyang cake is also called flower cake, chrysanthemum cake and five-color cake.
It was the original intention of the ancients to make cakes at dawn on September 9. The child put a cake on his head and said a word in his mouth, wishing the child all the best. Exquisite Chongyang cake should be made into nine layers, like a pagoda, with two lambs on it, which conforms to the meaning of Chongyang (sheep).
Some people even put red paper flags on Chongyang cakes and light candles. This probably means "lighting a lamp" and "eating cakes" instead of "climbing", and using a red paper flag instead of dogwood.
At present, there is still no fixed variety of Chongyang cake, and the soft cakes eaten around Chongyang Festival are called Chongyang cakes. Watching chrysanthemums and drinking chrysanthemum wine The Double Ninth Festival is the golden autumn season of the year, and chrysanthemums are in full bloom. It is said that watching chrysanthemums and drinking chrysanthemum wine originated from Tao Yuanming, a great poet in Jin Dynasty.
Tao Yuanming is famous for his seclusion, his poems, his wine and his love for chrysanthemums. Later generations have followed suit, so Chongyang has the custom of enjoying chrysanthemums. In the old days, literati and officialdom also combined chrysanthemum appreciation with banquets in order to get close to Tao Yuanming.
In the Northern Song Dynasty, Kaifeng was the capital, and chrysanthemum appreciation on Chongyang was popular. At that time, there were many varieties and shapes of chrysanthemums. People also call September of the lunar calendar "Chrysanthemum Month". On the Double Ninth Festival, when chrysanthemums are in full bloom in Ao Shuang, watching chrysanthemums has become an important part of the festival.
After the Qing dynasty, the habit of enjoying chrysanthemums was particularly prosperous, and it was not limited to September 9, but it was the most prosperous around the Double Ninth Festival. The custom of inserting dogwood and chrysanthemum in the Double Ninth Festival has been very common in the Tang Dynasty.
The ancients thought that inserting Evodia rutaecarpa on the Double Ninth Festival could take refuge and eliminate disasters. Or wear it on your arm, or make a sachet and put it in it, or wear it on your head. Most of them are worn by women and children, and in some places, men also wear them.
Ge Hong's Miscellanies of the Western Classics in the Jin Dynasty recorded that Kaunus participated in the Double Ninth Festival. Besides wearing dogwood, people also wear chrysanthemums.
This happened in the Tang Dynasty and has been popular since ancient times. In the Qing Dynasty, the custom of Beijing Double Ninth Festival was to stick chrysanthemum branches and leaves on doors and windows, "to get rid of evil and filth, and to make money into treasure".
This is the vulgarization of the chrysanthemum on the head. In the Song Dynasty, some people cut ribbons into dogwood and chrysanthemum and gave them to each other.
In addition to the above common customs, there are some unique festivals in various places. In the official harvest season of the Double Ninth Festival in northern Shaanxi, there is a song that says: "In September, there will be nine Double Ninth Festival, so autumn harvest is busy.
Xiaomi, Xiaomi, go up, go up. "The Double Ninth Festival in northern Shaanxi is in the evening, and the day is a whole day of harvesting and threshing.
In the evening, in the treetops, people like to eat buckwheat noodles and instant-boiled mutton. After dinner, people go out of their homes in twos and threes, climb the nearby hills, light fires, talk about the land, and wait until the chickens crow before going home. When climbing mountains at night, many people will pick some wild chrysanthemums and put them on their daughters' heads to ward off evil spirits.
In Puxian, Fujian, people follow the ancient custom of steaming nine layers of Chongyang rice fruit. In ancient China, there was a custom of "eating bait" on Double Ninth Festival, which is today's cake and rice fruit. Jade Candle Collection in Song Dynasty said: "Those who drink chrysanthemum wine after the ninth eclipse will harvest millet and glutinous rice at that time, and taste new things because of their sticky taste, thus becoming a habit."
Song Zuqian, a poet of Puxian in the early Qing Dynasty, said in "Nine Songs of Fujian": "When you smell the festival near Chongyang, you are shocked to hear the wild incense, and you can pick up the wild incense with your hand basket. The jade pestle is smashed into green powder and the pearl is called Langwei. "
Since modern times, people have transformed rice fruit into a unique nine-fold rice fruit. Wash high-quality late rice with clear water, soak it for 2 hours, take it out and drain it, mix it with water and grind it into slurry, add alum (dissolved in water) and stir, add brown sugar (boiled with water to make a thick sugar solution), then put it on a steamer, spread a clean cooking cloth, then scoop in rice slurry for nine times, steam for a few minutes and cook it out, and coat peanut oil on the rice noodles.
This rice fruit is divided into nine layers, which can be uncovered and cut into water chestnuts. Four sides are distinct and translucent. It is sweet, soft and delicious, and it doesn't stick to teeth. Respect for the elderly is the best gift for Chongyang. In some places, people also have the opportunity to climb mountains, sweep graves and commemorate their ancestors in Chongyang.
People in Puxian worship ancestors more than Qingming, so there is a saying that it is small in March and big in September. Due to the coastal area of Puxian, the ninth day of September is also the anniversary of Mazu's ascension to heaven. Villagers often go to the Tianhou Palace and the Palace Temple in Mazu Tempel or Meizhou to pray.
After the founding of New China, the activities of the Double Ninth Festival have enriched new contents. 1989, China double ninth festival was designated as the festival for the elderly.
On this first day, all localities should organize the elderly to climb mountains and have an autumn outing, broaden their horizons, exchange feelings and exercise, and cultivate people's noble character of returning to nature and loving the motherland.
5. What do you eat on the Double Ninth Festival?
The activities to celebrate the Double Ninth Festival are colorful and romantic, which generally include traveling to enjoy the scenery, climbing high into the distance, watching chrysanthemums, planting dogwood everywhere, eating the Double Ninth Festival cake, drinking chrysanthemum wine and other activities.
Double Ninth Festival, because it is homophonic with "long", and nine is the largest number in the number, which means long life. Moreover, autumn is also the golden season of harvest in a year, and the Double Ninth Festival has far-reaching influence. People have always had special feelings for this festival. There are many excellent poems in Tang poetry and Song poetry to congratulate the Double Ninth Festival and chant chrysanthemums. Today's Double Ninth Festival has been given a new meaning. 1989, China designated September 9th as the festival for the elderly, skillfully combining tradition with modernity, and becoming a festival to respect, care for and help the elderly.
At this time, organs, organizations and streets all over the country often organize retired old people to enjoy the scenery in autumn, or play near the water, or climb mountains to keep fit, so that their bodies and minds can be bathed in the embrace of nature; The younger generation of many families will also help the elderly to go to the suburbs or prepare some delicious food for the elderly.
6. Double Ninth Festival knowledge quiz is urgent.
1. What's the name of the Double Ninth Festival? Answer: ascensiontide.
2. What's the point besides climbing mountains? A: I miss the people I love.
3. Why is it called Chongyang A: The ancients called nine "yang number", and the ninth day of the ninth lunar month was the most important, so it was called Chongyang.
4. About the origin of the Double Ninth Festival and which sects have origins A: Taoism.
5. When did the legend of the Double Ninth Festival happen? A: Eastern Han Dynasty.
6. What is the name of the hero in the legend of Double Ninth Festival? A: Fantasy.
7. What is the legendary cause A: Plague.
8. What is the name of the river in the legendary story A: Ruhe.
9. Who is the fairy in the legendary story A: Fei Changfang.
10. Where does the immortal live? A: Southeast Mountain.
1 1. What exorcism items did the immortal give the hero? A: Cornus officinalis leaves, a pack of chrysanthemum wine and a bottle of dragon sword.
12. What is the main weapon for heroes to subdue demons? Answer: Demon reduction, dragon sword.
13. What is the role of Cornus in the story? A: The smell hits the devil's lungs and makes him uncomfortable.
14. What is the function of chrysanthemum wine? Alcohol smells terrible.
15. How did the hero kill the devil? Answer: Throw the dragon sword to subdue the demon and stab the plague demon to death.
16. What's the name of the devil in the story? A: Mo Wen.
17. Why do you climb the mountain on the Double Ninth Festival? A: It was named because people hid in the mountains before the hero fought the plague demon in the story. Climbing is to avoid evil spirits and disasters, and climbing is also a step by step promotion.
18. Which book first designated nine as a positive number? A: I ching.
19. What day do people still regard Chongyang as? A: Qing Ji.
20. In which of his poems did the patriotic poet Qu Yuan describe Chongyang? A: Travel far.
2 1. Please tell me the poems of Qu Yuan. Answer: Set Chongyang as the emperor's palace.
22. What are the customs of the Double Ninth Festival? Answer: Climb the mountain, plant dogwood, enjoy chrysanthemums and drink chrysanthemum wine.
23. Who wrote the legendary story A: Wu Jun.
24. In which book is the story he wrote included? A: The continuation of harmony.
25. Which county does the hero in the legendary story live in? A: runan county.
26. How did the hero return to his original place after bidding farewell to the immortal? A: Master Crane Rider.
27. Cornus officinalis is a traditional Chinese medicine. What does it do? Answer: Regulate qi to relieve pain and avoid insect bites.
28. What is the function of chrysanthemum soaking in wine? A: Clear eyes.
29. When did the Double Ninth Festival begin to be designated as the festival for the elderly? A: 1989.
30. Why do you eat double ninth festival cake? A: In areas where there are no mountains, climb mountains instead of eating cakes.
3 1. Why do you fly a kite on the Double Ninth Festival? A: When it is not very cold before winter, vigorously exercising your bones and muscles is beneficial to your health and protect your eyes.
32. Another legend of the Double Ninth Festival is related to which emperor A: Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang.
33. Who is this legendary imperial concubine? A: Mrs. Qi.
34. What is the surname of this concubine's handmaid? A: Jia.
35. This handmaid asked people how to answer on the Double Ninth Festival: admire dogwood and drink chrysanthemum wine.
Why do the elderly attach great importance to this day to climb mountains? I hope to stay healthy and live a long life.
7. What are the customs about the Double Ninth Festival?
The ancients often referred to "Episode I" and "Chongyang".
That is, "March 3rd" and "September 9th", as corresponding spring and autumn festivals, have always been "mountaineering" in spring and "tattooing" in autumn in Chongyang. It is said that this festival began to be celebrated very early. As a festival, the Double Ninth Festival is generally believed to have originated from the legend of "avoiding scenery" in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
South Wu Liangjun's "Continued Harmony"? "Ascending the Mountain on the 9th" records: "Huanjing in Runan has traveled with Fei Changfang for many years, and Changfang said,' On September 9th, there was a disaster at home, so that the family could make a crimson bag, hold dogwood in their arms, and climb the mountain to drink chrysanthemum wine. This disaster can be eliminated. "Picturesque, the family climbed the mountain.
At night, I saw chickens, dogs, cattle and sheep suddenly die. The day when Nagano heard it:' This can be exchanged.
People in this world climb mountains and drink on the 9 th, and women hold dogwood bags. The cover starts here. "From then on, people climbed mountains on September 9 to avoid epidemics becoming a custom.
Calendarly speaking, September is also called Xuan Yue and Juyue, and dark black is black. In September, the yin invaded the cold, the plants and trees turned yellow, and chrysanthemums appeared. In that month, there were two solar terms: "cold dew" and "first frost", and the weather changed from cold to cold. If people touch night fog or morning dew, they will feel cold and chill, so they are called "cold dew". After the cold dew, the weather is colder and the dew begins to form a thin frost, so it is called "the first frost".
The human immune function needs to adapt to the alternation of cold and cold in nature, otherwise it is easy to get sick. As the agricultural proverb says, "It doesn't rain on the Double Ninth Festival, but it will be sunny in winter". Therefore, on this day of the Double Ninth Festival, people will take all kinds of activities, including climbing high and overlooking, eating double ninth cake, watching chrysanthemums, drinking chrysanthemum wine and planting dogwood everywhere to celebrate.
It not only contains our ancestors' good wishes for life, that is, to eliminate disasters and avoid disasters, to live a long and healthy life, but also is the accumulation of life experiences handed down from generation to generation. As we all know, autumn is crisp, better than spring, and it is a very good exercise method. At the same time, chrysanthemum can clear liver, improve eyesight, treat dizziness and lower blood pressure.
Cornus officinalis can repel mosquitoes and kill insects, and can be used as medicine to treat vomiting and diarrhea. Climbing high and looking far, picnicking is the central content of the Double Ninth Festival.
Its original intention is to escape disaster. At the same time, the mountains different from Pingchuan belong to the magical land in the concept of the indigenous residents. Climbing high and looking far away from the world is close to the gods and easy to get blessings.
Therefore, the Double Ninth Festival is also called "ascensiontide". During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Pi, Emperor Wen of Wei, clearly recorded the Double Ninth Festival in Nine Days Zhong You: "From the year to the month, I suddenly returned to September 9.
Nine is the number of yang, and the sun and the moon should be in harmony, which is a well-known custom, so it is necessary to feast for a long time. "Sun Simiao's" Thousand Golden Moon Orders "is also called" Double Ninth Festival ".It is necessary to climb high and overlook, take food as wine, and enjoy the autumn ambition with a feast.
Wine must be dogwood, chrysanthemum to pan, that is, drunk. "In ancient times, people climbed many mountains when they sacrificed to the gods, and climbed many mountains when they visited the suburbs in autumn.
Climbing a mountain can not only pray for blessings and avoid disasters, but also entertain and keep fit. There is also the custom of eating "Chongyang cake" everywhere.
Chongyang cake, also known as flower cake, chrysanthemum cake and five-color cake, is made randomly. The custom of eating cakes in September originated very early, which was called "bait" and "scattered bait" in Han Dynasty.
"Shuo Wen Jie Zi": "Bait, powder cake also." The raw material of the bait is rice flour. There are two kinds of rice noodles and millet noodles. Small rice is sticky, and the two are steamed together into bait.
Millet is the first of all grains. In ancient times, it was a good product for hospitality and sacrifice. It ripens in September and is a seasonal food. There is also a description of "eating Peng bait to exorcise evil spirits" in Xijing Miscellanies.
After the Six Dynasties, it was renamed "Gao" because "Gao" and "Gao" are homophonic, symbolizing upward, progressive and high promotion. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, eating cakes on the Double Ninth Festival was quite popular. It was called "Marco Cake" in Tang Dynasty and "Chongyang Cake" in Song Dynasty.
Wu wrote in Liang Lu's Dream: "On this day, people in all shops steamed cakes with sugar flour, made silk strings with pigs, sheep and ducks, and inserted them in the strings, named' Chongyang Cake'." Lu Yuanming's Miscellaneous Notes in the Song Dynasty recorded a folk custom: "At dawn on September 9, I put a piece of cake on my child's head, talking in my mouth, and made a wish" I wish my child Pepsi ".
"This is the original intention of the ancients to make cakes in September. Exquisite Chongyang cake should be made into nine layers, like a pagoda, with two lambs on it, which conforms to the meaning of Chongyang (sheep).
Some people even put small red flags on Chongyang cakes and light candles. This probably means replacing dogwood with a small red flag, and replacing "crawling" with "lighting" and "eating cakes".
Because there are many kinds of decorations on the cake surface, it is often called "flower cake" after Ming and Qing Dynasties. At present, there is still no fixed variety of Chongyang cake, and the soft cakes eaten around Chongyang Festival are called Chongyang cakes.
There is also the custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine, enjoying chrysanthemums and holding chrysanthemums on the Double Ninth Festival. September is the time of chrysanthemum Ao Shuang, and there is a poem in Huang Chao: "Stay in Qiu Lai on September 8, and I will kill all the flowers after I bloom."
During the first frost, only this kind of grass thrived. Chrysanthemum is not afraid of wind and sword, and it has become a symbol of high quality. It is said that appreciating chrysanthemum and drinking chrysanthemum wine in Chongyang originated from Tao Yuanming, a great poet in Jin Dynasty.
Chrysanthemum is one of the four gentlemen among the flowers loved by ancient literati in China. Taoyuan obviously loves the seclusion and nobleness of chrysanthemums, and often takes chrysanthemums as its ambition: "Under the hedge of picking chrysanthemums, you can see Nanshan leisurely." He said in the preface to the poem "Happy Residence of Nine Immortals": "Yu Xianju loves the name of nine bells.
Autumn chrysanthemums are full of flowers, so it is not easy to hold glutinous rice, and there are thousands of words in the air. "He likes drinking and enjoying chrysanthemums on the Double Ninth Festival.
Later generations followed suit and became a custom. The production method of chrysanthemum wine in Jin Dynasty is: "Collect chrysanthemum stems and leaves, mix glutinous rice to make wine, and use it until September of the following year."
Chrysanthemum wine in Ming dynasty was made of "sweet chrysanthemum soup, koji and rice". Or adding Radix Rehmanniae and Radix Angelicae Sinensis. "
Li Shizhen, a medical sage in the Ming Dynasty, said that chrysanthemum wine has the curative effect of "treating head wind, clearing eyes and ears, eliminating flaccidity and arthralgia, and eliminating all diseases". People also wear chrysanthemums on their heads. Tang Du Mu's poem "Ascending the Mountain in Nine Days" said: "It is difficult for the world to open its mouth and laugh, so it is necessary to put chrysanthemums on its head."
In the Qing Dynasty, the custom of Beijing Double Ninth Festival was to stick chrysanthemum branches and leaves on doors and windows, "to get rid of evil and filth, and to make money into treasure". * * * In the revolutionary era of war, it coincides with the Double Ninth Festival, and there are still many chrysanthemums. The lyrics are "Picking mulberry seeds?" Chongyang: "Life is easy to get old, but it is not easy to get old. Every year is Chongyang, and now it is Chongyang. Battlefield yellow flowers are particularly fragrant.
The annual autumn wind blows hard, not like spring, but better than spring, just like the Wan Li frost on the vast river. "Evodia rutaecarpa is also one of the important forms to celebrate the Double Ninth Festival.
The Tang Dynasty poet Wang Wei's "Thinking of Shandong Brothers in the Mountain Festival" said: "When people are in a foreign land, they miss their relatives twice every festive season. I know that when my brother went to the station, there was one less person coming to Pakistan. "
Lai Yu, also known as "Moongum" or "Dwarf", is a small evergreen tree with a long trunk.
8. Knowledge about the Double Ninth Festival
According to legend, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a plague demon in Ruhe. As soon as it appeared, people in every household fell ill and died every day, and people in this area were ravaged by plague demons. A plague claimed the lives of young Huan Jing's parents, and he almost died of illness himself. After his illness, he said goodbye to his beloved wife and father.
Double Ninth Festival
Folks, determined to go out and learn skills, in addition to the plague for the people. Huan Jing visited teachers everywhere to find the way, visited celebrities all over the world, and finally found an oldest mountain in the East. There is a magical fairy on the mountain. Under the guidance of the crane, Huan Jing finally found the mountain and the miraculous fairy. The immortal was moved by his spirit, and finally took Huan Jing in, taught him the sword to subdue the demon, and gave him a sword to subdue the demon. Huan Jing forgot to eat and sleep and practiced hard, and finally developed an extraordinary martial arts. On this day, the immortal called Huan Jing to his side and said, "Tomorrow is the ninth day of September, and the god of plague will come out to do evil again. When you learn the skill, you should go back and kill the people. " Xianchang gave him a pack of dogwood leaves and a cup of chrysanthemum wine, and secretly taught him how to ward off evil spirits and let him ride a crane home. Huanjing returned to his hometown. On the morning of the ninth day of September, according to the fairy's instructions, he led the villagers to a nearby mountain and gave everyone a dogwood leaf and a cup of chrysanthemum wine to prepare for subduing the evil spirits. At noon, with several strange calls, Mo Wen rushed out of the Ruhe River, but just as Mo Wen jumped down the mountain, he suddenly smelled the strange fragrance of Cornus officinalis and the alcohol smell of Chrysanthemum, and his face suddenly changed. At that time, Huan Jing chased Mo Wen down the mountain with a demon sword in his hand, and stabbed him to death in a few rounds. Since then, the custom of climbing mountains on the ninth day of September to avoid epidemics has been handed down year after year.