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Schizonepeta tenuifolia

Nominal name

Botanical name: Schizonepeta tenuifolia (Benth. )briq。

Scientific name of medicinal materials: Schizonepeta tenuifolia.

Chinese names: Toona sinensis, Toona sinensis, Artemisia quadricephala, fake catnip, fake moustache (Classic), mouse fruit, ginger mustard (Wupu Materia Medica), Bermuda grass (Southern Yunnan Materia Medica), and four-ribbed shoulder pole (Traditional Chinese Medicine)

Name of prescription: stir-fried Schizonepeta tenuifolia.

Classification of families and genera

Domain: Eukaryotic domain

Field: the plant kingdom in the plant kingdom

Door: angiosperm magnolia door

Class: Subclass Dicotyledonous Magnolia

Objective: Labiatae Labiatae.

Family: Labiatae

Genus: Schizonepeta tenuifolia

This medicine is the dry aerial part of Schizonepeta tenuifolia. Labiatae.

The stem of this product is square column, with branches on the upper part, 50 ~ 80 cm long and 0.2 ~ 0.4 cm in diameter; Surface yellow-green or purple-red, pubescent; Light weight, fragile, white cross-section. The leaves are opposite, most of them have fallen off, the leaves are 3 ~ 5 pinnately divided, and the lobes are slender. Panicle terminal, 2 ~ 9 cm long, about 7 mm in diameter. Corolla deciduous, persistent calyx bell-shaped, apex 5-toothed, light brown or yellowish green, pubescent; Nutlets are brown and black. The smell is fragrant and the taste is slightly astringent and pungent.

[Collection and storage] When the flowers bloom to the top in summer and autumn and the ears are green, cut off the aboveground parts and dry them in the sun. There is also picking the flower heads separately, then cutting off the stems and branches and drying them separately, which are called' Schizonepeta tenuifolia' and' Schizonepeta tenuifolia'. Put it in a box or other container, cover it tightly and put it in a dry place. It should be stored below 30℃ to prevent mildew, moth-eaten and cross-wiring.

Sexual taste and channel tropism are pungent and slightly warm. Enter lung meridian and liver meridian.

Indications: relieving exterior syndrome, expelling wind, penetrating rash, eliminating sores and stopping bleeding. Used for common cold, measles, bloody stool, metrorrhagia and epistaxis.

Produced in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jiangxi, it is mostly cultivated artificially.

The stems of medicinal materials are square, with longitudinal grooves on four sides, with many branches on the upper part, lavender or light green, short hair, light weight, hard and brittle, white in cross section, white pith in the center, opposite leaves, split leaves, slender yellow lobes, wrinkled and curled, not completely broken, five teeth at the top, light brown or yellow green, short hair, and brownish-black nuts inside, which are fragrant. It's better to make it yourself, the color is yellow-green, the stem is thin, there are many spikes, and there is no mud.

Blast the original medicine to remove mud and weeds, cut off the residual roots, grab the water and wash it, take it out and stand upright. When the water is drained, cut it into 0.3-0.5 cm pieces and dry it in the sun.

Schizonepeta tenuifolia is used as medicine only through the processing of flower spikes. This product has strong fragrance and efficacy, and is especially good at dispelling wind on the head and face.

Stir-fry Schizonepeta tenuifolia slices with slow fire, take them out and let them cool. After frying, the divergence will be alleviated.

Schizonepeta tenuifolia charcoal Schizonepeta tablets, also known as black Schizonepeta tenuifolia, are good at entering the blood and have the function of enriching blood and stopping bleeding.

The ingredients contain volatile oil.

Usage and dosage: 6- 10g, which should not be decocted for a long time. Suitable for promoting rash and eliminating sores; Stop the bleeding and blow it up. Schizonepeta tenuifolia is good at expelling wind.

Note that this product should be processed in sunny days and must be washed with water. It is not advisable to get wet for a long time. Cut into pieces and dry in the sun, and dry in the sun without fire on the same day, otherwise the fragrance will be lost and the efficacy will be affected.

Indicating diseases, relieving exterior syndrome, expelling wind and penetrating rash. Used for colds, headaches, measles, rubella and ulcers. Treatment of hematochezia, metrorrhagia, postpartum blood halo with charcoal-frying.

1. Exogenous exterior syndrome. The taste is spicy and fragrant, good at dispelling wind, warm in nature and warm in nature, and it is the mildest medicine for dispelling cold. For exogenous exterior syndrome, whether wind-cold, wind-heat or cold-heat is not obvious, it can be widely used.

2. Measles is impenetrable and rubella itches.

3. There is superficial syndrome at the beginning of sores.

4. Hematemesis, nosebleed, hematochezia, metrorrhagia and other bleeding syndromes.

Drug compatibility

1) Schizonepeta tenuifolia combined with Saposhnikovia divaricata can enhance the effect of expelling wind and relieving exterior syndrome.

2) Schizonepeta tenuifolia with mint, one breath and one blood, can strengthen the efficacy of relieving exterior sweating.

3) The combination of Schizonepeta tenuifolia and Bombyx Batryticatus can dispel wind, relieve exterior syndrome, and treat diseases such as dampness.

4) Schizonepeta tenuifolia and alum can enhance the efficacy of expelling wind and resolving phlegm, and can be used to treat wind-phlegm stagnation and convulsion.

5) Schizonepeta tenuifolia and gypsum can treat wind-heat headache.

6) Sophora japonica charcoal Schizonepeta can dispel wind and stop bleeding, and can be used to treat intestinal wind bleeding.

7) Schizonepeta tenuifolia with Cimicifuga charcoal can strengthen yang and stop bleeding.

8) Schizonepeta tenuifolia with rhubarb, clearing heat and relaxing bowels.

Distribution of resources: distributed in most parts of the country. Location: Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hebei and other places.

distinguish

(1) The powder of this product is yellowish brown. The vertical wall of epidermal cells in persistent calyx is deeply wavy and curved. There are 8 cells in the head of glandular scale with a diameter of 96 ~ 1 12 micron. The stalk of a single cell is brownish yellow. There are 1 ~ 2 cells in the head of glandular hair, and the stalk is single cell. Non-glandular hair 1 ~ 6 cells, mostly with wall warts. The surface of epicarp cells is polygonal, the wall is mucus, and the cell cavity contains brown substances. Endocarp stone cells are light brown, and the vertical wall is deeply wavy and curved with dense lines. The fiber diameter is 14 ~ 43 microns, and the wall is flat or microwave.

(2) Take 0.8g of crude powder of this product, add 20ml of petroleum ether (60 ~ 90℃), plug it tightly, shake it from time to time, leave it overnight, filter it, and the filtrate volatilizes to 1ml as the test solution. In addition, 0.8g of Schizonepeta tenuifolia was taken as the control medicinal material, and the control medicinal material solution was prepared by the same method. According to the thin-layer chromatography test (Appendix ⅵ b), absorb 65438 00μ l of the above two solutions, respectively spot them on the same silica gel H thin-layer plate, develop with n-hexane-ethyl acetate (17:3) as developing agent, take them out, dry them, and spray 5% vanillin and 5% sulfuric acid ethanol solution at 65438 005. In the chromatogram of the test sample, the spots with the same color appear at the positions corresponding to the chromatogram of the control medicinal materials.

Content determination

According to the determination method of volatile oil (appendix ⅹ d).

This product contains no less than 0.60% (ml/g) of volatile oil.

Identification of the original medicinal materials: square stem and whole grass, longitudinal sea on all sides, multi-functional upper part; 45-90 cm long and 3-5 mm in diameter; The surface is purplish red and pubescent; Light and brittle, easily broken, fibrous in cross section, yellow-white, with white loose pulp in the center. The leaves are opposite, the leaves are divided, the lobes are slender, yellow, shriveled and curled, and the fracture is incomplete; Fragile and easy to fall off. The branches are supported by cymbal spikes, which are green cylindrical and 7-10 cm long; Most of the corolla has fallen off, leaving only a green calyx tube with four small brown and black nuts inside. The smell is fragrant and the taste is slightly astringent and pungent. It is best to have lavender, thin stems and many dense spikes. Most parts of this country are rich. Schizonepeta tenuifolia is also used as Schizonepeta tenuifolia in Northeast China. The shape of Schizonepeta tenuifolia is similar to the previous species, except that the last lobe of the leaf is wide and oval or ovoid-lanceolate. Spikes are large and sparse; Bracts ovoid, bluish purple; Corolla blue-purple, 1/2 longer than sepals. Microscopic identification: powder: yellowish brown. ① Glandular scales have a round head, 8- 13 cells, a diameter of 22- 108 microns, and a single cell stalk, which is extremely short and contains bright yellow or brown substances. ② There are 1-2 cells in the head of glandular hair, with a diameter of 16-27 microns, short stalk and single cell. ③ Non-glandular hair 1-6 cells, 67-8 10μ m long, slightly narrow in the middle, 22-45μ m in the diameter of the base, slightly thick in the wall, with tiny verrucous processes in the upper cells and vertical stripes of keratin in the lower 1-2 cells. ④ The vertical wall of stem epidermal cells is thin and straight; Air hole straight axis type. ⑤ The surface of leaf epidermal cells is wavy and curved, with pores and hairs. ⑥ The pollen grains are nearly annular, with a diameter of 27-3 1 micron, with 6 grooves, and the outer wall is engraved with a net shape. ⑦ The cross section of epidermis (mucus layer) cells of pericarp is square or rectangular, with mucus walls, small cell cavities, irregular branches and light brown substances, and some cells in the lower pigment layer are embedded upward between epidermal cells; The surface is polygonal or polygonal, and the wall is mucus, leaving cells containing brown substances, and small pigment cells scattered among epidermal tissues. ⑧ The cross section of stone cells in pericarp is 1 column, rectangular or square-like, with unclear boundary, thick wall, cracks, star-shaped cell cavity and many uneven branches after dissociation; On the surface, it looks like a polygon. The vertical walls are deeply wavy and curved, and the pits are sparse. In addition, there are pericarp pigment cells, seed coat cells, ducts and fibers.

Chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine: containing 1.8% volatile oil. The main components of the oil are α-menthone, racemic menthone and a small amount of α-limonene. The above-ground part contains 65438 0.3% volatile oil, and the ear part contains about 4.65438 0% volatile oil. The main components in the oil are about 42.9% d- menthone, about 33.9% racemic menthone and l- humulone, and a small amount of d- ramie. In addition, there are nucleotides A, B, C (meroside A, B, C), (1s, 4e)-9-o-β-d- glucopyranosyl -pmenth-4(8)-en-3- one, apigenin -7-.

Chemical identification of traditional Chinese medicine: take 2 drops of volatile oil from Schizonepeta tenuifolia, put it in a small test tube, add 2ml of ethanol to dissolve it, add 2 drops of 1% vanillin sulfuric acid reagent, shake well, and the solution will turn pale red (humulone).

comment

(1) Schizonepeta tenuifolia has the effect of sweating and relieving exterior syndrome, and has the effect of expelling wind. It is mainly used to treat common cold, fever, aversion to cold, anhidrosis, headache and body pain, and is often combined with Fangfeng. However, it can also be combined with cold-dispelling drugs or heat-clearing and detoxifying drugs to treat common cold, fever, aversion to cold, red eyes and sore throat, such as mint, chrysanthemum, mulberry leaf and honeysuckle. Herba Schizonepetae powder can help measles penetrate, and is often used with mint, cicada slough and burdock. Schizonepeta tenuifolia is often used for patients with superficial symptoms at the beginning of sores. It can be combined with Radix Saposhnikoviae, Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Forsythiae and Radix Paeoniae Rubra for dispelling cold, clearing heat, eliminating carbuncle and swelling. The application of Schizonepeta charcoal has the function of hemostasis, which can be used for hematochezia, metrorrhagia and other diseases, and is often combined with other hemostatic drugs in clinic.

(2) Schizonepeta tenuifolia as medicine has the effect of expelling wind and relieving exterior syndrome, while carbonization is used to stop bleeding. Combined with Radix Saposhnikoviae and Notopterygii Rhizoma, it can treat exterior syndrome of wind-cold syndrome; Mix flos Lonicerae, fructus forsythiae and herba Menthae for treating exterior syndrome of wind-heat syndrome; Mix with gypsum to treat wind-heat headache; Mixing with Fructus Arctii, Radix Platycodi and Radix Glycyrrhizae for treating sore throat; Mix with carbonized Sophora japonica for treat hematochezia; Use cogongrass rhizome to treat epistaxis. Both Schizonepeta tenuifolia and Perilla frutescens can induce sweating and relieve exterior syndrome, but Perilla frutescens has strong ability of dispelling cold, being partial to qi and regulating qi widely. However, Schizonepeta tenuifolia has strong expelling wind and partial blood, and frying charcoal can stop bleeding. Therefore, perilla frutescens is often used to regulate qi, and Schizonepeta tenuifolia is often used to regulate blood.

Excerpt from China Pharmacopoeia

Various exhibitions

1. Classic: Treating cold and heat, plague, scrofula, furuncle, stagnation, qi stagnation, blood stasis and damp arthralgia.

2. "Theory of Medicinal Properties": Treating evil wind and thief wind, mouth and face? Evil, stubborn, guilty and forgetful, beneficial and refined. Dominate pathogenic factors, remove fatigue and treat swelling; Take a grip, cut it with five liters of water, cook it with two liters, divide the cold into two parts, so as to promote blood circulation and dredge collaterals, transmit qi deficiency of five internal organs, sweat and remove cold; Tamp the powder and vinegar to seal and expand.

3. Meng Wei: Postpartum stroke is stiff and taken at the end of wine.

4. "Dietotherapy Materia Medica": Help the spleen and stomach.

5. Edible materia medica: exhaustion of blood, soreness and sweating in the back, athlete's foot, bone injury, yin and yang toxicity, typhoid fever, headache, dizziness, hand and foot anxiety.

6. "Rihuazi Materia Medica": benefiting the five internal organs, promoting digestion and benefiting qi, and sobering up. Boiling raw cooked food and frying tea to treat head wind and sweat; Fry with black bean juice to treat typhoid fever.

7. "Materia Medica": Treating head wind, fatigue, sores and scabies, and bloody women.

8. "southern Yunnan materia medica": treating injuries from falls and applying toxic sores. Treat hematemesis. Schizonepeta tenuifolia can dispel wind, stop headache, improve eyesight, relieve heat pain in lung, liver and throat, reduce swelling and detoxify, and eliminate sores and carbuncle. Treat hematochezia, stop sudden collapse of women, eliminate wind and heat, and dredge lung qi and nasal orifices.

9. "Outline": dispel wind and heat, clear the head, benefit the throat, and eliminate sores and swelling. Strong treatment, dark eyes, sore poison, yin pushing, vomiting blood, epistaxis, bleeding, bloody dysentery, collapse, hemorrhoids and leakage.

Contraindications to drugs

Self-sweating due to exterior deficiency and headache due to yin deficiency should be avoided.

1. Pharmacological theory: Schizonepeta tenuifolia is thirsty for a long time.

2. A Talk on Hang Wei: Anyone who takes Schizonepeta herb should not eat fish.

3. Outline against donkey meat and fish without scales.

4. "Materia Medica": those who show deficiency and sweating should avoid it; Do not use it for people with blood deficiency, wind-cold, cold and heat; Those with red face and headache caused by excessive fire due to yin deficiency should be careful to go astray.

Angelica sinensis and Schizonepeta tenuifolia treat apoplexy.

[Recipe] Angelica sinensis and Schizonepeta tenuifolia are equally divided.

[Usage] Stir-fry black, * * * grind into fine powder, 9g each, 1 glass of water, a little wine, and decoct.

【 Efficacy 】 It is used to treat stroke unconsciousness, foaming at the mouth and postpartum paralysis.

Schizonepeta tenuifolia is a wonderful use to stop runny nose, which can dispel wind and cold with its pungent smell, but its light smell is not helpful to dispel heat and evil, and it plays the role of medicine to eliminate disease and separate cold from heat.