Yeast (saccharomyce) is a commonly used eukaryotic receptor cell in gene cloning experiments. Cultivating yeast is as convenient as cultivating E. coli. There are also many types of yeast cloning vectors. Plasmids also exist in yeast. This 2μm long plasmid is called a 2μm plasmid and is about 6300bp.

This plasmid exists outside the chromosome in the nucleus at least for a period of time. Using 2μm plasmid and plasmid in E. coli, a shuttle plasmid can be constructed that can shuttle between bacteria and yeast cells. Yeast cloning vectors are constructed on this basis.

Cell structure of yeast: Yeast is a single-cell microorganism. A cell is an individual. It belongs to eukaryotes in terms of cell structure, including cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus.

The metabolic type of yeast: According to the assimilation effect, yeast is a heterotrophic organism and must survive and reproduce in the culture medium; according to the dissimilation type, yeast is a facultative anaerobic organism. Aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide and water under aerobic conditions, and anaerobic respiration under anaerobic conditions produces alcohol and carbon dioxide.

Extended information

How yeast reproduces:

Yeast can reproduce asexually or sexually. Asexual reproduction includes three types: budding, fission (that is, a few types of yeast, like bacteria, reproduce by horizontal cell division), and bud fission (this method is rare).

The most important one is budding (referred to as budding), that is, the mature yeast cell first grows a small bud, and the bud cell grows to a certain extent and continues to grow away from the mother cell, and then forms a new individual. Sexual reproduction occurs through the formation of ascospores.

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