Cultivation and management
One, soak the seed seed quality and the growth of sprouts neatness, commercial rate and yield is closely related to the seeds used for the production of sprouts generally require purity, purity is good, high germination rate, full of seeds. Before sowing, the seeds should be cleaned, and the insect-damaged, broken, deformed, rotten, deflated, extra-small grains and germinated seeds should be eliminated. In order to promote seed germination, some seeds need to be soaked after cleaning. Generally first with 20-30 clean water to wash the seeds 2-3 times, different varieties, soaking time is also different. Generally peas and parsnips are soaked for 24 hours and radishes for 6-8 hours. After the end of the soaking of the seeds and then wash 2-3 times, drain off excess water.
Two, sowing seeds before sowing the plastic seedling tray with lime water or bleach disinfection, and then rinse with water, and then lay a layer of paper on the bottom of the tray, peas, radish and mung beans and other seeds can be sown. In addition, a layer of 1.5-centimeter-thick perlite is laid on top of the paved paper. The perlite must be pre-watered, stirred and squeezed to remove excess water. All seeds are required to be sown evenly for neat growth of sprouts. The amount of seed sown depends on the variety.
Three, germination after sowing, the seedling tray stacked on top of each other, placed on a flat surface for stacked tray germination. Germination of seedling plate stacked and placed at a height of not more than 100 centimeters, 2-3 centimeters between each stack, in order to facilitate aeration. Germination indoor temperature to maintain 20-25. toon is more stringent requirements, generally must be maintained at 20-22, in order to improve the germination rate. In order to maintain appropriate air humidity, generally disk above to cover the wet burlap bag piece, black agricultural film or double shade net. Stacked disk germination period once a day spray water, the amount of water should not be too large, so as to avoid rotting buds. At the same time in the water spraying should be carried out at the same time, the top and bottom of the right and left seedling tray position switch, so that the seedling tray in the cultivation environment as uniform as possible, to promote the growth of buds and seedlings neatly. Under normal conditions, about 4 days can end the germination.
Common Diseases
1, seed mold seed germination during the easy to occur. Mildew caused by more than one reason is that there are ragged, moldy, lose germination force of the seed in high temperature, high humidity conditions rot mold. Good seeds in the long-term water immersion, poor aeration, too high or too low temperature will also mold. Prevention and control methods are the selection of good seeds, eliminating inferior seeds; do not accumulate water in the germination, to maintain the appropriate temperature, humidity and ventilation.
2, sudden collapse disease, standing wilt disease seedling rhizome with water-soaked spots, after the spots become brown, seedling sudden collapse. Bean sprouts of the roots, rhizomes, cotyledons of peas and other parts of the blackened, slow growth of seedlings, these symptoms are sudden collapse disease and the performance of standing wilt.
The prevention and control methods are: thorough cleaning of nursery appliances; cleaning, exposure to repeated use of substrate; the use of warm broth soak seeds for seed disinfection; strict control of the temperature environment, to avoid excessive high or low temperatures; to strengthen the ventilation, reduce air humidity; reduce the amount of watering and the number of watering, change the sprinkler irrigation for the soak irrigation, to prevent air humidity is too large.
3, foliar spots: radish sprouts on the cotyledons sometimes appear small black spots, which is caused by a variety of fungal diseases infiltration. Prevention and control methods are: change the sprinkler irrigation for water immersion irrigation, to avoid water droplets falling on the cotyledons; strengthen ventilation, reduce air humidity and so on.