1. Land preparation and fertilization. Before and after harvest, plow deeply as early as possible, fully freeze and dry, rake, and apply sufficient base fertilizer. Depending on the soil conditions, you can choose radish varieties. Large varieties with deeper soil can be arranged, and the depth of the cultivated land should be more than 33 centimeters. If the soil layer is shallow, you can choose small and medium-sized varieties with shallower soil layers. The depth of medium-sized cultivated land is about 25 cm, and the depth of small-sized cultivated land is about 15 cm. Border cultivation methods vary depending on the variety, soil quality, topography and local climatic conditions. Medium and small radishes are cultivated in flat borders in areas with little rain and good drainage, while large radishes have deep roots and large leaves and must be cultivated in high borders. In the Yangtze River Basin, large and small radish crops all use deep ditches and high borders to facilitate irrigation and drainage. Generally, the bed height is 20-27cm, the bed width is L-2m, and the ditch width is 40cm. 2. Timely seedlings. Radish seedlings grow rapidly after being unearthed and must be sown in time. The principle is to plant seedlings early, plant seedlings at different times, and plant seedlings late. Thinning early will keep the seedlings small, and the roots of the remaining seedlings will not be damaged when pulling out the seedlings; raising seedlings late can reduce plant losses caused by borers and other hazards. Seedlings emerge earlier than before. Generally, thinning is carried out 2-3 times. When the first true leaf unfolds, thin out the seedlings for the first time to remove pests, diseases, bacteria, deformed seedlings and seedlings without the characteristics of the original variety. When there are 2-3 true leaves, perform the second thinning. During the "big break", select one strong seedling with the characteristics of the original variety in each hole, that is, the seedling, and remove all the others. There are 4,000-5,000 large and medium varieties and 10,000 small varieties. 3. Water and fertilizer management In terms of fertilizer and water management, it is necessary to promote the robust growth of leaves and absorbing roots in the early stage and lay a material foundation for the expansion of fleshy roots in the later stage. When vegetative growth reaches a certain level, it must be controlled to promote timely transportation of nutrients to storage organs. During the period of rapid expansion of fleshy roots, it is necessary to ensure that the leaves have long life and strong vitality to produce more nutrients and ensure the expansion of fleshy roots. 4. Tillage and weeding After the radish seeds have been sown and seedlings have emerged, if rain or watering causes soil compaction, cultivating and weeding should be carried out in a timely manner. For long and exposed varieties, it is necessary to build soil and support the roots in the early growth stage to make them grow upright. After the closure, breeding is generally no longer required. 5. Harvest management Due to different varieties of radish and sowing time, the harvest time is also different. Generally speaking, the proper time to harvest is when the fleshy roots are fully enlarged. If harvested early, the yield will be low; if it is harvested too late, it will be easily damaged by freezing, scratches, puffing, and the quality will be reduced. Spring radish sown in spring is generally harvested 50-60 days after sowing; summer radish grows quickly and is harvested 45-60 days after sowing; autumn and winter radish is harvested 70-100 days after sowing. Varieties with fleshy roots mostly exposed on the ground should be harvested in time before the first frost to avoid freezing. Varieties with fleshy roots all in the soil can be harvested later and have higher yields. The average yield of large radish in autumn and winter is 3,500-4,000 kilograms per mu, with high-yielding radish yielding over 5,000 kilograms and medium-sized radish yielding 2,500-3,000 kilograms. The yield per mu of spring radish and summer radish is 1,000-1,500 kilograms; the yield of four-season radish is 600-1,000 kilograms per mu.